Modelling of Ground Borne Vibration Induced by Road Transport

Ground-borne vibrations induced by road transport is common source of environmental problem for residents living near roads where large flow of vehicles is. Any irregular unevenness of road surface increase the transport induced ground borne vibrations. The ground-borne vibrations travel through soil, different types of soil have different properties and transmission loss of vibrations is different. In this paper the spread of ground borne vibration is modelled using numerical modelling and represented using Surfer software. In this research is considered most common soil types in Lithuania: Peat, clay, sandy loam and loam. Calculated soil particle acceleration near vibration source was highest in Clay soil (34,3 mm/s2). The calculations show that in peat soil vibration travel further than in other soils.

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PENGARUH JENIS MULSA DAN PUPUK GANDASIL-B TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN CABAI RAWIT (Capsium frustescens L.) PADA TANAH GAMBUT PEDALAMAN (The Effect of Mulch Type and Gandasil-B Fertilizer on The Growth and Yield of Chili Pepper (Capsicum fr

AgriPeat ◽

10.36873/agp.v18i01.17 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 18 (01) ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Admin Journal

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Peat Soil ◽

Chili Pepper ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Plastic Mulch ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Different Types ◽

Split Plot ◽

Main Plot ◽

Black Plastic

ABSTRACTThis research was aimed to investigate the effect of mulch type and gandasil-B fertilizer on the growth and yield of chili pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.) on inland peat soil. The method used in this research was two-factor Randomized Block Design with split plot arrangement and three replications. The main plot was the mulch type which consists of three treatments, namely: control, cogon grass and silver-black plastic mulch, and as sub plot was the dose of gandasil-B which consists of four 4 levels, namely: 0, 1, 2, and 3 g L-1 water. Results showed that the interaction between different types of mulch and gandasil-B fertilizer only had significant effect on the diameter of the stem, the number of productive branch, the number of fruit per plant, and the weight of fruit per plant. The utilization of silver-black plastic mulch and gandasil- B fertilizer at the concentration of 3 g L-1 water showed more number of productive branch (14.00 branches) and number of fruit (151.17 fruits) per plant and the weight of fruit (166.52 g) per plant was significantly higher.Keywords : Mulch, cogon grass, silver-black plastic, Gandasil-B, inland peat soil ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh jenis mulsa dan pupuk gandasil-B terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman cabai rawit (Capsicum fruestescens L.) pada tanah gambut pedalaman. Percobaan ini menggunaakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) disusun secara split plot dengan dua faktor perlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Sebagai petak utama, yaitu jenis mulsa terdiri dari tiga jenis, yaitu : kontrol, mulsa alang-alang dan mulsa plastik hitam perak. Sebagai anak petak adalah dosis pupuk Gandasil-B terdiri dari 4 taraf perlakuan, yaitu : 0, 1, 2 dan 3 g L-1 air. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa interaksi penggunaan jenis mulsa dengan pupuk gandasil-B hanya berpengaruh nyata terhadap diameter batang, jumlah cabang produktif, jumlah buah per tanaman dan berat buah per tanaman. Penggunaan mulsa plastik hitam perak dan pupuk gandasil-B 3 g L-1 air diperoleh jumlah cabang produktif (14.00 cabang) dan jumlah buah (151.17 buah) per tanaman) nyata lebih banyak dan berat buah (166.52 g) per tanaman nyata lebih tinggi.Kata kunci : Mulsa, alang-alang, plastik hitam perak, pupuk gandasil-B, gambut pedalaman

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Evaluation of the effect of operational modal analysis algorithms on identified modal parameters of railway bridges

10.2749/ghent.2021.0441 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mohammadreza Salehi ◽

Kultigin Demirlioglu ◽

Emrah Erduran

Keyword(s):

Modal Analysis ◽

Health Monitoring ◽

Iron Ore ◽

Operational Modal Analysis ◽

Modal Parameters ◽

Vibration Source ◽

Light Weight ◽

Railway Bridges ◽

Different Types ◽

Vibration Responses

<p>The accuracy of modal parameters identified by Operational Modal Analysis (OMA) algorithms is of vital importance in vibration-based health monitoring. This paper reports the effects of using different OMA algorithms on identified modal parameters of railway bridges. For this purpose, comparison and application of three different OMA methods including FDD, ARX, SSI-COV are discussed. The vibration measurements are conducted on two railway bridges in Northern Norway for using five triaxial accelerometers. The first bridge is a single-span bridge with the length of 50 m, while the second is a two-span bridge with a total length of 85m. OMA has been conducted on the free vibration responses after passage of different types of trains including light-weight railway vehicles and heavily loaded iron ore trains to evaluate the variation of the identified modal parameters with the chosen algorithm and the vibration source on the OMA results.</p>

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Socioeconomic impacts with the implementation of the railroad EF-118 RJ/ES: comparison of cargo logistics at the Port of Açu

Research Society and Development ◽

10.33448/rsd-v9i9.8389 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. e995998389

Author(s):

Matheus Novaes Valinho ◽

Jhenifer Terezinha Aparecida Mattos Cescon ◽

Ana Paula Roem Simoni ◽

Lucília de Lourdes Pellozo Zambrotti

Keyword(s):

Road Transport ◽

Rail Transport ◽

Industrial District ◽

Socioeconomic Impacts ◽

Significant Growth ◽

Considerable Advantage ◽

Cargo Handling ◽

Different Types ◽

Approximate Cost ◽

The Cost

Since the beginning of operations in 2014, Port of Açu has shown significant growth in relation to cargo handling, with all demand dependent on road transport. However, there is a proposal for the implementation of the EF-118 railway that would interconnect Rio de Janeiro and Vitória, serving the region of Port. This work seeks to economically evaluate the advantages of the implementation of the railway modal compared to the roadway already used in the region. Due to the intense flow of cargo in the Industrial-Port Complex, the possibility of building a new highway, the RJ-244, is being studied, extending from the industrial district to BR-101. For this purpose, surveys were conducted to determine the average daily volume of vehicles circulating in the region, in addition to the different types of cargo transported and their relationship with Port. Based on the information collected in the Traffic Studies Report issued, it was possible to relate data and achieve at the value of the average annual daily volume for each category of cargo handled in the Port. Bearing in mind that in 2019, Port of Açu handled approximately 751 thousand tons of cargo and analyzing the estimated costs by ABIFER for road and rail transport, the approximate cost values for each one per ton of cargo per kilometer were reached. Comparing values, it is possible to notice that the cost of transporting cargo by rail corresponds to about 16.6% of the amount spent on transporting of the same weight of cargo by road, which means a considerable advantage for its implementation.

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Experimental Evaluation of Vibration Effects Induced by Planed Railway Line on Surrounding Historic Tower

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.501-504.861 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 501-504 ◽

pp. 861-866

Author(s):

Yuan Tian ◽

Nan Zhang ◽

Wei Guo Yang ◽

Jia Ming Niu

Keyword(s):

Field Experiments ◽

Dominant Frequency ◽

Vibration Velocity ◽

Vibration Source ◽

Vibration Level ◽

Frequency Range ◽

Structural Vibrations ◽

Upward Trend ◽

Railway Line ◽

Different Types

Using field experiments, the vibration effects of historic tower induced by planed railway line are estimated. The vibrations include the construction vibration and the traffic-induced vibration. The results show that the blasting construction leads to the significant increase in vertical velocity and acceleration. There is no difference between the background vibration of field and foundation of tower. Different types of the sites soil around the tower cause little change. Each measurement time showed an upward trend of vibration level with the increase of frequency. The closer the tower is to the vibration source, the larger the structural vibrations would be. The dominant frequency range for highway-induced vibration is 10-20Hz. For train-induced vibration, the dominant frequency range is more than 40Hz. Surface waves will result in amplification phenomenon of vibration velocity of ancient structures within a certain range.

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ANALYSIS OF THE RESULTS OF TENSOMETRIC STUDIES OF NATURAL BORED CONICAL PILES

Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after V G Shukhov ◽

10.34031/2071-7318-2020-5-2-44-55 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 44-55 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

I. Rybnikova ◽

A. Rybnikov

Keyword(s):

Bearing Capacity ◽

Lateral Surface ◽

Sandy Loam ◽

Side Surface ◽

Contact Stresses ◽

Strain Gauges ◽

Soil Resistance ◽

Taper Angle ◽

Different Types ◽

Bored Piles

Four bored piles of two standard sizes with a length of 4,5 m, a diameter of heads of 0,4 and 0,6 m, a diameter of the lower end of 0,2 m with a taper angle of 1o20ʹ and 2o40ʹ, respectively, are studied. Two different types of piles are equipped with a height of four strain gauges, and two-ten bulldozers of five on each of the diagonal opposite sides. The soils on the experimental ground are composed of solid sandy loam. According to the measurements of strain gauges and load cell, plots of the distribution of forces and stresses in sections along the pile trunk, as well as plots of contact stresses along their lateral surface are constructed. The results of the research revealed that additional forces of soil repulsion along the inclined lateral surface during its sedimentation under load are significantly involved in the bearing capacity of bored conical piles. The proportion of soil resistance, depending on the angle of taper, is 34-49 % of the total bearing capacity, the resistance of the lower end – 17-23 %, friction on the side surface of the trunk-34-43 %. These data indicate the effectiveness of giving the trunks of bored piles up to 5 m even a slight taper in the range of 1,5 o ... 3,0 o.

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Soil Pollution by Toxic Metals near E-waste Recycling Operations in Ibadan, Nigeria

Journal of Health and Pollution ◽

10.5696/2156-9614-6-11.26 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 (11) ◽

pp. 26-33 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Michael D. Adesokan ◽

Gilbert U. Adie ◽

Oladele Osibanjo

Keyword(s):

Toxic Metals ◽

Sandy Loam ◽

Speciation Analysis ◽

Botanical Garden ◽

Waste Recycling ◽

Soil Samples ◽

Common Source ◽

Metal Concentrations ◽

Flame Atomic Absorption ◽

Ibadan Nigeria

Background. Unsound recycling of e-waste releases toxic metals into environmental media and has deleterious health consequences to humans as the metals transfer to humans through the food chain, direct contact and inhalation. Objectives. This study assessed soil contamination with lead (Pb), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni) and cadmium (Cd) arising from crude e-waste recycling. Methods. Forty-eight soil samples were collected from the vicinity of high-, medium- and low-activity recycling operations in Ogunpa in Ibadan, Nigeria as well as from the botanical garden of the University of Ibadan for background samples. Total extractable metals were leached with aqua regia and the leachates were analyzed using flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Speciation analysis was also conducted on soil samples that showed high concentrations of metals to determine the distributions in various phases. Results. All soil samples were determined to be sandy loam in composition with pH and organic matter ranging from 7.1–7.9 and 1.56–1.81%, respectively. Metal concentrations (mg/kg) for soils from the study area ranged as follows: Pb, 269 – 5650; Cu, 203 – 3483; Cr, 3.30 – 42.4; Ni, 0.14 – 24.0; and Cd, below detection limit − 2.50. The results indicated enrichment in soil by all metals, especially Pb and Cu, which were many times higher compared with background concentrations. Additionally, average Pb and Cu concentrations were higher than regulatory limits for soil set by selected countries across the globe. Speciation studies indicated that about 65% and 88% of Pb and Cu, respectively, were liable to potential mobility with slight changes in natural conditions. Other metal concentrations, although with higher concentrations compared with background levels, were within the permissible limits in soils accepted by many countries across the globe. There were significant correlations between all metals, suggesting that they may have been released from a common source. Conclusions. Soils from the study area require urgent clean-up, especially for Pb and Cu, to safeguard human health and the environment.

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Leaching of Five Thiocarbamate Herbicides in Soils

Weed Science ◽

10.1017/s0043174500030599 ◽

1968 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 77-79 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Reed A. Gray ◽

Andre J. Weierich

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Peat Soil ◽

Clay Content ◽

Different Types ◽

Glass Columns ◽

Mineral Soils

The depths of leaching of S-ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate (EPTC), S-propyl butylethylthiocarbamate (pebulate), S-propyl dipropylthiocarbamate (vernolate), S-ethyl hexahydro-lH-azepine-l-carbothioate (molinate), and S-ethyl cyclohexylethylthiocarbamate (hereinafter referred to as R-2063) were compared in five different types of soils contained in glass columns. The depths of leaching in mineral soils were directly correlated with the water solubilities of the herbicides. The order of leaching from greatest to the least was molinate, EPTC, vernolate, pebulate, and R-2063. With all compounds tested, the depth of leaching decreased as the clay content of the soil increased. Leaching depth also decreased as organic matter increased. In peat soil containing 35% organic matter, no movement out of the treated zone could be detected with any of the thiocarbamate herbicides tested when leached with 8 in of water.

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TRANSPORTATION OF OVERSIZE AND HEAVY-WEIGHT CARGOES IN THE TRANSPORT SYSTEM

Collected scientific works of Ukrainian State University of Railway Transport ◽

10.18664/1994-7852.145.2014.80902 ◽

2014 ◽

Author(s):

A. M. Kotenko ◽

A. V. Lavrukhin ◽

P. S. Shylayev ◽

A. V. Svetlichnaya ◽

V. I. Shevchenko ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Free Choice ◽

Road Transport ◽

Large Mass ◽

State Graph ◽

Railway Transport ◽

Advantages And Disadvantages ◽

Different Types ◽

Optimal Mode ◽

Mode Of Transport ◽

Load Weight

In this article the problems and restrictions of transportation of oversize and heavy cargo in transportsystems by different types of transport have been presented. The method of selecting optimal mode fortransportation of cargoes by various means of transport or their combination has been submitted. Themodular design of vehicles for delivery of cargoes a large mass ( more than 500t) and oversized of groundtransports has been proposed. State graph and differential equations of transportation of cargoes by variousmeans have been compiled.The advantages and disadvantages of each mode of transport have been noted. Railway transport hasthe following advantages: all-weather, rhythmicity transportation over considerable distances. However, ithas significant disadvantages: stringent requirements for the dimensions of the loading, restrictions on cargo weight, low availability of railways in certain regions.The main advantages of road transport are: delivery cargo "door to door" almost unlimited load weight, free choice of tracks movement.

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Evaluation of different carbon sources for anaerobic soil disinfestation against Rhizoctonia solani on lettuce in controlled production systems

Phytopathologia Mediterranea ◽

10.36253/phyto-10911 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 59 (1) ◽

pp. 77-96

Author(s):

Giovanna GILARDI ◽

Massimo PUGLIESE ◽

Maria Lodovica GULLINO ◽

Angelo GARIBALDI

Keyword(s):

Sandy Loam ◽

Peat Soil ◽

Sandy Loam Soil ◽

Anaerobic Conditions ◽

Anaerobic Soil Disinfestation ◽

Basal Rot ◽

Disease Reduction ◽

Loam Soil ◽

Crop Cycle ◽

Wild Rocket

Effects of anaerobic soil disinfestation (ASD) on Rhizoctonia solani basal rot of lettuce were assessed considering: two soil types; different C-sources; different temperature regimes; two treatment durations; and two lettuce crop cycles, in the presence of a high disease incidence from artificial infestation with the pathogen. C-source, temperature, and incubation period, and their interaction, affected the efficacy of the ASD treatment for the lettuce–R. solani pathosystem, with differences depending on the soil type. Brassica carinata pellets, used as a C-source, reduced incidence of Rhizoctonia basal rot in the first crop cycle by 50 to 69% in a peat soil after 3 weeks of treatment at 21°C, and by 52 to 60% after 3 weeks of treatment at 26 or 31°C, compared to the inoculated and untreated experimental controls without anaerobic conditions. The best disease reduction was provided by B. carinata pellets applied, under anaerobic conditions, to peat soil (79% efficacy) and a sandy loam soil (100% efficacy) kept at 31°C for 6 weeks. Generally, ASD based on B. carinata pellets provided greater disease reduction in the first crop cycle than the second, with the only exception being for results achieved in both soils incubated for 6 weeks at 21, 26 and 31°C. Wild rocket used as a C-source provided the greatest disease reduction (78–83%) on plants grown in peat soil at the first crop cycle after 6 weeks of the ASD treatment at 31°C, while wild rocket provided disease reduction of 29 and 50% when mixed with the sandy-loam soil under the same conditions for 6 weeks. The efficacy of the ASD treatment with compost was improved in the second crop cycle, compared to the first, resulting in the greatest disease reduction (52 and 66% efficacy) reached in the sandy-loam soil incubated for 3 weeks at 21°C, and 63% efficacy in peat soil previously treated for 6 weeks at 26 and 31°C. However, slight reductions in lettuce plant development was generally evident in the first crop cycle, which could be due to differences in efficacy of the tested ASD treatments and to phytotoxicity. The greatest yield from sandy loam soil was obtained for the B. carinata pellets and wild rocket at 26 and 31°C in the second cultivation cycle. Partial efficacy of ASD does not justify the adoption of this method against R. solani on lettuce under intensive crop systems. However, ASD based on Brassicaceae and compost as carbon source applied in a sandy-loam soil may be valuable for reducing R. solani incidence, at lower temperatures than those required for soil solarisation or biosolarisation.

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KARAKTERISTIK, KESESUAIAN, DAN PENGELOLAAN LAHAN UNTUK TAMBAK BUDIDAYA DI KABUPATEN LUWU UTARA PROVINSI SULAWESI SELATAN

Jurnal Riset Akuakultur ◽

10.15578/jra.5.3.2010.449-463 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 449 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hasnawi Hasnawi ◽

Akhmad Mustafa

Keyword(s):

Land Management ◽

Sandy Loam ◽

Peat Soil ◽

Land Suitability ◽

Geographical Information ◽

Acid Sulfate Soil ◽

Acid Sulfate ◽

Nypa Fruticans ◽

Culture Production ◽

High Level

Kabupaten Luwu Utara (Lutra) memiliki lahan potensial untuk tambak dan produktivitas tambaknya untuk budidaya udang dan ikan relatif rendah. Oleh karena itu, dilakukan survai untuk mengetahui karakteristik lahan dalam upaya menentukan kesesuaian dan pengelolaan lahan untuk budidaya tambak demi peningkatan produktivitas tambak di Kabupaten Lutra. Faktor yang dipertimbangkan dalam mengetahui karakteristik lahan adalah: tanah, topografi, hidrologi, vegetasi, dan iklim. Analisis spasial dalam Sistem Informasi Geografis digunakan untuk penentuan kesesuaian lahan budidaya tambak. Pengelolaan lahan ditentukan berdasarkan karakteristik lahan yang disesuaikan dengan teknologi dan komoditas yang dapat diaplikasikan di tambak. Kawasan pesisir Kabupaten Lutra didominasi oleh tanah bermasalah yaitu tanah sulfat masam, tanah gambut, dan tanah sulfat masam yang berasosiasi dengan tanah gambut. Tanah sulfat masam adalah jenis tanah dominan di Kabupaten Lutra yang memiliki potensi kemasaman dan unsur-unsur toksik yang tinggi dan sebaliknya unsur hara makro yang rendah dengan tekstur tanah yang tergolong pasir berlempung dan lempung berpasir. Topografi lahan umumnya relatif datar dan elevasi yang tergolong rendah yang didominasi oleh vegetasi Sonneratia sp., Rhizophora sp., dan Nypa fruticans. Curah hujan yang rendah pada bulan September sampai Februari berdampak pada kondisi kualitas air yang lebih baik terutama pada salinitas, pH, Ca, dan Mg yang lebih tinggi daripada musim hujan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa lahan tambak di Kabupaten Lutra yang tergolong sangat sesuai (kelas S1) seluas 1.821,9 ha; tergolong cukup sesuai (kelas S2) seluas 368,2 ha; dan tergolong sesuai marjinal (kelas S3) seluas 3.268,1 ha. Untuk perbaikan tanah bermasalah tersebut dapat dilakukan melalui remediasi maupun dengan pemupukan.Coastal area of North Luwu Regency has suitable areas for brackishwater ponds, however many of those areas are low in productivity for shrimp and fish culture. Hence, a survey was conducted to study the characteristics of the area as an effort to determine land suitability and land management for increasing the productivity of brackishwater ponds in North Luwu Regency. Factors that were taken into acount to determine the characteristics of land were soil, topography, hydrology, vegetation and climate condition. Spatial analysis using Geographical Information System software was used to determine land suitability for brackishwater ponds. Land management was determined based on the characteristics of land that are adaptable to the types of technology and commodity applied in the brackishwater ponds. The coastal area of North Luwu Regency was dominated by types of infertile soils, i.e., acid sulfate soil, peat soil and acid sulfate soil associated with peat soil, Acid sulfate soil in North Luwu Regency has high potential acidity and high level toxic element. On the other hand, the area has low level macro elements and soil textures are dominated by loamy sand and sandy loam. In general, the land topography is flat and the elevation is classified as low. The areas are dominated by Sonneratia sp., Rhizophora sp., and Nypa fruticans. Low rainfall level is occurred in September to February and directly affects the coastal water quality, causing higher salinity, pH, Ca, and Mg than in rainy season. Results of analysis show that brackishwater ponds in North Luwu Regency were classified as highly suitable (1,821.9 ha), moderately suitable (368.2 ha) and marginally suitable (3,268.1 ha). Remediation and fertilization are highly recommended in order to improve the soil quality for optimum culture production.

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