scholarly journals NUOTEKŲ VALYMO SORBENTAIS TYRIMAS / RESEARCH OF WASTEWATER TREATMENT WITH SORBENTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (0) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Karina Subatkevičienė ◽  
Ina Tetsman ◽  
Justinas Gargasas
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Oil Products ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Chemical Cleaning ◽  
Tire Rubber ◽  
Cleaning Methods

One of the largest industrial waste water pollutants is petroleum products. The most widely used physico-chemical cleaning methods (use of sorbents) are used for cleaning them, but the main difficulty is the selection of suitable sorbents (different according to their origin and structure) and maintenance of op-tidal treatment facilities. The production of sorbents from secondary raw materials reduces the amount of waste and, at the same time, protects nature against hazardous materials, for example from used car tires. Three different sorbent species (organic organic sorbents – branched lead, synthetic sorbents – zeolites, sorbents made of atrium raw materials – crushed used tires) have been evaluated and compared. The changes in the concentrations of oil products in the wastewater before and after treatment procees were evaluated and compared. The initial concentration of oil products in waste water was 0.25 mg/m3. Experimental studies show that the maximum adsorption capacity is 2.90 g/g (fraction 1.00−1.50 mm) of zeolite 2.55 g/g (fraction 2 mm), and 1.97 g/g The crushed tire rubber (fraction 1.00−1.50 mm) has adsorption capacity similar to that of a trimmer. The efficiency of the separa-tion of ceolite (fraction 2.00 mm) ranged from 87.51% to 96.11%, and the straw burners from 91.30% to 94.55%, and the crushed tire rubber shavings (fraction 1.00−1, 50 mm), the purification efficiency ranged from 91.51% to 95.21%.

scholarly journals Preparation of Xylan-g-/P(AA-co-AM)/GO Nanocomposite Hydrogel and its Adsorption for Heavy Metal Ions

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiqing Kong ◽  
Minmin Chang ◽  
Chunhui Zhang ◽  
Xinxin Liu ◽  
Bei He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Property ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Ammonium Persulfate ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Nanocomposite Hydrogel ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Nanocomposite Hydrogels

Xylan-g-/P(AA-co-AM)/Graphene oxide (GO) hydrogels were prepared and used in the removal of heavy mental ions. Acrylamide (AM), acrylic acid (AA), and xylan were used as the raw materials to prepare the hydrogels with ammonium persulfate (APS) as the initiator. The prepared hydrogels were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX). Some important properties of nanocomposite hydrogels such as swelling behavior, mechanical property, and adsorption capacity were also examined as well as the regeneration of the hydrogels. The results showed that the prepared hydrogels reached the equilibrium state of swelling after 12 h, and the compressive strength of the hydrogel with 30 mg of GO could reach up to 203 kPa. Compared with traditional hydrogel, the mechanical properties of the hydrogels with GO were obviously improved. The maximum adsorption capacity of hydrogels for Pb2+, Cd2+, and Zn2+ could reach up to 683 mg/g, 281 mg/g, and 135 mg/g, respectively. After five cycles of adsorption and desorption, the recovery rate of the hydrogels on Pb2+, Cd2+, and Zn2+ was still up to 87%, 80%, and 80%, respectively—all above 80%.

scholarly journals Adsorption Behaviour and Kinetics of Zearalenone on Hydroxyl-Fe-Al-Intercalated Montmorillonite

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Shengqiong Fang ◽  
Yueqi Xiao ◽  
Huiqiang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Interlayer Spacing ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Dominant Mechanism ◽  
Molar Ratios ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Cationic Exchange

Pristine montmorillonite (Mont) was used as raw materials to prepare hydroxyl-Fe-pillared Mont, hydroxyl-Al-pillared Mont, and hydroxyl-Fe-Al-pillared Mont composites. By varying the OH/Fe and Fe/Al molar ratios during the preparation of the pillared Mont, the adsorption capacity of zearalenone (ZEA) and the kinetics were elucidated. The characterization of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy reveals the adsorption mechanism of pristine and modified Mont. The results indicated that the ZEA adsorption capacity is Mont (0.05 mg/g) << 1.5OH/Fe-Mont (0.28 mg/g) << OH/Al-Mont (0.51 mg/g) < 0.5Fe/Al-Mont (0.56 mg/g) in the condition of pH = 8 and 37°C, in which both 0.5Fe/Al-Mont and OH/Al-Mont reached maximum adsorption capacity and 1.5OH/Fe-Mont attained 5 times the capacity of Mont. Adsorption isotherm studies revealed that Freundlich adsorption isotherms best represented the experimental data. The kinetic data for ZEA adsorption revealed that the Mont adsorption capacity for ZEA equilibrates in 1 hour and is best described using the pseudo-second-order rate equation. The XRD analysis indicated that the amplification of Fe-dominant pillared Mont interlayer spacing is the main reason for the observed increases in the adsorption capacity of ZEA, while Al-dominant pillared Mont has a relatively stable Keggin structure; therefore, interlayer spacing is not the primary mechanism for changes in the adsorption capacity of both OH/Al-Mont and Al-dominant pillared Mont. An FT-IR analysis demonstrated that cationic exchange was the dominant mechanism that allowed ZEA and hydroxyl-Al ions to enter the Mont interlayers, while this cationic exchange mechanism was not the dominant mechanism used by hydroxyl-Fe entering the Mont layers.

Application of New Coalescence Method for Treatment of Emulsified Petroleum Products Wastewater

1991 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 261-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. P. Sedlukho
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Quartz Sand ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Oil Products ◽  
Polytechnic Institute ◽  
New Method ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Oil Emulsions

The problems of applying new method of coalescence of emulsified oil products on the surface of hydrophobic filtering materials during purification of oil-containing waste water are discussed. The results of some theoretical and experimental research are listed. During the research granulated polymers (polyethylene, polypropylene) and hydrophobic quartz sand were used as filtering materials. The research reveals the fundamental processes which are occurring. The main principles of technological computation as well as those of designing installations and separate elements of installations are worked out. The paper shows that it is possible to achieve rather a high efficiency of separating water/oil emulsions if filtering materials and technological parameters are selected properly. The paper is based on the results of recent research carried out under the guidance of the author at the Novopolotsk Polytechnic Institute.

A functionalized tannin-chitosan bentonite composite with superior adsorption capacity for Cr(VI)

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongmin Li ◽  
Peng Zou ◽  
Junzhou Yang ◽  
Miaoyang Huang ◽  
Linye Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
System Part ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Xrd Patterns

AbstractA novel functionalized tannin-chitosan bentonite composite (TCBC) was successfully synthesized. The formation of the composite was confirmed by the X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis. The pHpzc of TCBC was 3.38. The influences such as pH, dosage of TCBC, temperature and initial Cr(VI) concentration on adsorption capacity were investigated. The experimental data indicated that the almost saturated adsorption of the TCBC towards Cr(VI) in 100 min. The maximum adsorption capacity was 262.08 mg/g at 333 K with initial pH = 2.5. The adsorption kinetics of Cr(VI) on TCBC followed the pseudo-second-order kinetics model. The isothermal data were well described by the models of Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin. The results revealed that the adsorption of Cr(VI) on TCBC existed comprehensive effects and mainly belong to the chemisorption. The TCBC could keep good performances (qe = 192.17 mg/g) in five runs, 1 M NaOH was used as eluent for desorption, which showed a high desorption efficiency. Studies showed TCBC prepared with low cost and green raw materials, and simple green preparation technology had high adsorption capacity, good reusability and acidic tolerance. By exploring the Cr(VI)-Cr(III) hybrid system, part of Cr(VI) was reduced to Cr(III) and adsorbed by TCBC. The optimal adsorption pH of Cr(III) was 5.0.

scholarly journals Cadmium(II) Capture Using Amino Functionalized Hydrogel with Double Network Interpenetrating Structure: Adsorption Behavior Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sihua Liu ◽  
Haifei Wang ◽  
Jue Hu ◽  
Yue Li ◽  
guiyin zhou
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Alginate Hydrogel ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metal ◽  
Double Network ◽  
Behavior Study

Abstract Heavy metal pollution caused by the indiscriminate disposal of toxic heavy metal wastewater has become one of the serious water environmental issues. In this study, a novel NH2-PAA/Alginate hydrogel with double network interpenetrating structure was constructed with alginate, acrylic acid, and other raw materials. Characterized by SEM, this hydrogel shows a three-dimensional porous structure, which would be useful in adsorption process for its high diffusion coefficient. The results of adsorption experimental show that the NH2-PAA/Alginate possessed the well adsorption capacity when pH above 3.5, the maximum adsorption capacity calculated by Langmuir was 176.5 mg/g, the adsorption equilibrium can be achieved within 150 min. In addition, the NH2-PAA/Alginate has good recycling ability and stability. The results of XPS analysis reveal that the Cd(II) exchanged with Ca(II) and then coordinated with amino and hydroxyl groups in NH2-PAA/Alginate. The NH2-PAA/Alginate hydrogel can deal with all kinds of heavy metal ions and is a potential material for heavy metal adsorption.

scholarly journals CLASSIFICATION OF SORBENTS USED IN TECHNOLOGIES FOR PURIFICATION OF WASTE WATER FROM PETROLEUM PRODUCTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 26-34
Author(s):  
Elena S. MALYSHKINA
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Informed Choice ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Oil Products ◽  
Environmental Friendliness ◽  
Pine Sawdust ◽  
Effi Ciency ◽  
Special Algorithm

Currently, there is no a generally accepted classifi cation of the sorbents used in the technologies for wastewater treatment from oil products. The purpose of this work is to more fully systematize the sorbents used in wastewater treatment, depending on their main characteristics, as well as on the economy and environmental friendliness. Based on the existing classifi cations, the generalized classifi cation of the sorbents designed for wastewater treatment from oil products in the dissolved and emulsifi ed forms, and additionally in the fi lm form, was developed and supplemented with the new parameters. A special algorithm, that allows one to make an informed choice of the sorbent in terms of its application effi ciency, environmental protection and material costs, is formed. In this regard, as an example, the classifi cation of pine sawdust has been performed. It can be considered as an eff ective sorbent base.

scholarly journals Facial Synthesis of Adsorbent from Hemicelluloses for Cr(VI) Adsorption

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 1443
Author(s):  
Yi Wei ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
Chuanfu Liu ◽  
Huihui Wang
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Ammonia Solution ◽  
Langmuir Model ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Chemical Fiber

It is challenging work to develop a low-cost, efficient, and environmentally friendly Cr(VI) adsorbent for waste water treatment. In this paper, we used hemicelluloses from chemical fiber factory waste as the raw material, and prepared two kinds of carbon materials by the green hydrothermal method as adsorbent for Cr(VI). The results showed that hemicelluloses hydrothermally treated with citric acid (HTC) presented spherical shapes, and hemicelluloses hydrothermally treated with ammonia solution (HTC-NH2) provided spongy structures. The adsorption capacity of the samples can be obtained by the Langmuir model, and the adsorption kinetics could be described by the pseudo-second-order model at pH 1.0. The maximum adsorption capacity of HTC-NH2 in the Langmuir model is 74.60 mg/g, much higher than that of HTC (61.25 mg/g). The green hydrothermal treatment of biomass with ammonia solution will provide a simple and feasible way to prepare adsorbent for Cr(VI) in waste water treatment.

A possibility of using nickel concentrate, obtained as a result of hydrometallurgical enrichment of manganese-containing raw materials, at steel alloying

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (7) ◽  
pp. 709-715
Author(s):  
O. Yu. Kichigina
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Selective Extraction ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Nickel Iron ◽  
Nickel Recovery ◽  
Nickel Concentrate ◽  
Steel Alloying ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Comprehensive Processing

At production of stainless steel expensive alloying elements, containing nickel, are used. To decrease the steel cost, substitution of nickel during steel alloying process by its oxides is an actual task. Results of analysis of thermodynamic and experimental studies of nickel reducing from its oxide presented, as well as methods of nickel oxide obtaining at manganese bearing complex raw materials enrichment and practice of its application during steel alloying. Technology of comprehensive processing of complex manganese-containing raw materials considered, including leaching and selective extraction out of the solution valuable components: manganese, nickel, iron, cobalt and copper. Based on theoretical and experiment studies, a possibility of substitution of metal nickel by concentrates, obtained as a result of hydrometallurgical enrichment, was confirmed. Optimal technological parameters, ensuring high degree of nickel recovery out of the initial raw materials were determined. It was established, that for direct steel alloying it is reasonable to add into the charge pellets, consisting of nickel concentrate and coke fines, that enables to reach the through nickel recovery at a level of 90%. The proposed method of alloying steel by nickel gives a possibility to decrease considerably steel cost at the expense of application of nickel concentrate, obtained out of tails of hydrometallurgical enrichment of manganese-bearing raw materials, which is much cheaper comparing with the metal nickel.

Equipment dentifying Vapor Leakages and Recovery of Petroleum Product Vapor When Stored

2020 ◽  
Vol 05 ◽  
pp. 60-64
Author(s):  
Y.N. Rybakov ◽  
◽  
V.E. Danilov ◽  
I.V. Danilov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Petroleum Product ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Oil Products ◽  
Carnot Cycle ◽  
Oil Supply ◽  
Gas Stations ◽  
Environmental Situation ◽  
Vapor Absorption

The problem of losses of oil products from leaks during their storage and transportation at oil supply facilities is considered. The influence of oil product leaks on the environmental situation around oil depots and gas stations is shown. A detailed overview of existing methods and tools for detecting leaks of petroleum products from storage facilities is presented. The evaluation of their effectiveness. Two methods for detecting oil leaks and devices based on them are proposed. The first device monitors the movement of liquid in the tank, the second-detects petroleum products in wastewater. The problem of recovery of petroleum vapors and environmental pollution from the release of vapors of light fractions into the atmosphere is also considered. An overview of existing methods and means of recovery of petroleum vapors is presented. Two methods and devices for capturing oil vapors and returning them to the reservoir are proposed, based on different principles: vapor absorption in the cooled oil product and vapor recovery on the principle of the Carnot cycle. It is shown that these devices can provide effective detection of oil leaks and recovery of their vapors, as well as improve the effectiveness of environmental protection at modern gas stations and tank farms.

Energetic properties of peat saturated with petroleum products

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-109
Author(s):  
E. S. Dremicheva
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Motor Oil ◽  
Initial Sample

This paper presents a method of sorption using peat for elimination of emergency spills of crude oil and petroleum products and the possibility of energy use of oil-saturated peat. The results of assessment of the sorbent capacity of peat are presented, with waste motor oil and diesel fuel chosen as petroleum products. Natural peat has been found to possess sorption properties in relation to petroleum products. The sorbent capacity of peat can be observed from the first minutes of contact with motor oil and diesel fuel, and significantly depends on their viscosity. For the evaluation of thermal properties of peat saturated with petroleum products, experimental studies have been conducted on determination of moisture and ash content of as-fired fuel. It is shown that adsorbed oil increases the moisture and ash content of peat in comparison with the initial sample. Therefore, when intended for energy use, peat saturated with petroleum products is to be subjected to additional drying. Simulation of net calorific value has been performed based on the calorific values of peat and petroleum products with different ratios of petroleum product content in peat and for a saturated peat sample. The obtained results are compared with those of experiments conducted in a calorimetric bomb and recalculated for net calorific value. A satisfactory discrepancy is obtained, which amounts to about 12%. Options have been considered providing for combustion of saturated peat as fuel (burnt per se and combined with a solid fuel) and processing it to produce liquid, gaseous and solid fuels. Peat can be used to solve environmental problems of elimination of emergency spills of crude oil and petroleum products and as an additional resource in solving the problem of finding affordable energy.

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