scholarly journals Assess the knowledge of dentists regarding Hepatitis B serological profile: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 1210-1216
Author(s):  
Qurat-ul-Ain Tariq ◽  
Shazia Tariq ◽  
Mariam Ajmal Tareen ◽  
Iftikhar Uddin ◽  
Fahad Qiam
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Occupational Exposures ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Further Education ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Serological Markers ◽  
Standard Precautions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Serological Profile ◽  
Dental Practitioners

Introduction: The primary aim of the study was to determine the knowledge of dental practitioners regarding HBV serological markers. Second objective was to determine prevalence of occupational exposures to HBV amongst dentists. Methodology: A questionnaire was constructed pertaining to various aspects of HBV serology; validated by an expert panel; and piloted at 49 dentists. A Cronbach-alpha value of 0.7 was attained and thus extensive survey was conducted among dentists in routine practise treating hepatitis B patients at dental teaching hospitals in Peshawar, KP. The data was analysed using SPSS v.22. Results: A response rate of 58% (a total of 290 respondents) was attained. All respondents were vaccinated against HBV. Over 50% reported not to follow Standard precautions for every patient. Overall, 20.3% experienced HBV exposure, eight were administered PEP. Fifty-four percent of FYs; 74.5% PGTs and 71.6% of faculty dentists correctly answered: HBsAg to be the ‘serological hallmark of HBV infection’; this was the most correctly answered question. Sixty-four percent dentists failed to identify the infectious carrier phase. Over 50% of dentists in each category failed to correctly answer 5/8 of the HBV serology. Conclusions: Over 20% reported HBV occupational exposure but zero transmissions. Majority of dentists did not have correct information on HBV serological profile which may jeopardise cross-infection control. Further education on HBV serological markers and its clinical relevance to dentistry along with stringent adherence to Standard precautions is recommended.

scholarly journals Prevalence of serological markers for hepatitis and potential associated factors in patients with diabetes mellitus

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Clarissa Cordeiro Alves Arrelias ◽  
Fernando Belissimo Rodrigues ◽  
Maria Teresa da Costa Gonçalves Torquato ◽  
Carla Regina de Souza Teixeira ◽  
Flávia Fernanda Luchetti Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Serological Markers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

ABSTRACT Objective: to estimate the prevalence of serological markers for hepatitis B and C in patients with diabetes mellitus and analyze potential associated factors. Method: a cross-sectional study with 255 patients with diabetes mellitus. Demographic, clinical, and risk behavior factors for hepatitis B and C were selected. The markers HBsAg, Anti-HBc IgG, Anti-HBc IgM, Anti-HBs, and Anti-HCV were investigated. A questionnaire and venous blood collection and inferential statistical analysis were used. Results: 16.8% of the patients had a total reactive Anti-HBc marker, 8.2% an isolated Anti-HBs, and 75% were non-reactive for all hepatitis B markers. No case of reactive HBsAg was found and 3.3% of the patients had a reactive anti-HCV marker. The prevalence of prior hepatitis B virus infection was directly associated with the time of diabetes mellitus and the prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection was not associated with the investigated variables. The prevalence of hepatitis B and C infection in patients with diabetes mellitus was higher when compared to the national, with values of 16.8% and 3.3%, respectively. Conclusion: the results suggest that patients with diabetes are a population of higher vulnerability to hepatitis B and C, leading to the adoption of preventive measures of their occurrence.

scholarly journals Nurses’ Knowledge toward Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C in Guilan, Iran

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farahnaz Joukar ◽  
Fariborz Mansour-Ghanaei ◽  
Mohammad Reza Naghipour ◽  
Tolou Hasandokht
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Continuous Training ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Study Participants

Background: Health care workers (HCWs) represent high risk population for viral hepatitis infection. Objectives: This study sought to assess the knowledge of HCWs regarding hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C (HCV) infection. Methods: In a multi-center cross sectional study, all HCWs from eight teaching hospitals were invited to participate in the study and to fill in a self-administered questionnaire. Results: A total of 1008 eligible HCWs have responded to the study. A high proportion of the study participants (55.4% and 52.9%) had unsatisfactory knowledge about HBV and HCV. Mean knowledge score toward HBV was significantly higher among more educated staff, p <0.001 and vaccinated personnel, P=0.02. Majority of responders answered correctly to transmission questions toward HBV and HCV (90% and 80%, respectively). There was statistically significant difference in only transmission domain score between various hospitals (p<0.05). The highest scores were related to surgical hospital. Conclusion: Although more than ninety percent of our participants were educated about HBV and HCV, knowledge about nature of disease, prevention, treatment and vaccine availability was unsatisfactory. Continuous training program toward viral infection is a matter of necessity.

scholarly journals Anti-HBs levels in children under the age of two years born to HBV carrier mothers after immunoprophylaxis: a multicenter cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Jiang ◽  
Bo Zhu ◽  
Qiang Yao ◽  
Haifeng Lou ◽  
Xiaohui Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Immunisation Programme ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Inadequate Response ◽  
Serological Markers ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Rate

Abstract Background Serological testing for the presence of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) markers and anti-HBs titers in infants born to HBsAg positive women is critically important for estimation in immunisation programme. Methods This was a multi-center and cross-sectional study conducted in Zhejiang province, China. Children aged 7 to 24 months born to HBsAg positive women during December 2018 to February 2019, completed additional HBV serological markers screening. We indicated distribution of HBV serological markers and anti-HBs titers in children. Multiple logistic regression model with adjusted odds ratio and 95% confidence interval (ORadj and 95% CI) was used to explore the factors associated with inadequate immune response (anti-HBs titers< 100 mIU/ml) among children. Results A total of 1849 children were included. Overall 25 children tested HBsAg positive, giving HBsAg positive rate of 1.35%(95%CI: 0.83-1.88%). 92.00% (23/25) HBsAg positive children were delivered by HBeAg positive mothers. The proportion of protective seroconversion (anti-HBs titers≥10mIU/ml) was 99.29% in all children, and 86.48% children were reported with adequate anti-HBs titers (≥100mIU/ml).We found a significant higher proportions of early antenatal health care (< 13 gestational weeks), and term birth in children with adequate response compared with inadequate response (all P < 0.05). Logistic regression showed preterm birth was a negative factor for inadequate anti-HBs titers (ORadj = 1.868,95%CI 1.132-3.085,P = 0.015). Conclusions Children delivered by HBeAg positive mothers had higher risk of vertical transmission of HBV, despite completion of 3 doses of hepatitis B vaccine and HBIG injection. Inadequate anti-HBs level was significantly associated with preterm birth in HBsAg positive women.

scholarly journals Epidemiological, serological and molecular aspects of hepatitis B and C in children and teenagers of municipal daycare facilities schools and schools in the city of Santos

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 588-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Célia Cunha Ciaccia ◽  
Regina Célia Moreira ◽  
Marcílio Figueiredo Lemos ◽  
Isabel Takano Oba ◽  
Gilda Porta
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Education ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Serological Markers ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Acceptable Error ◽  
Molecular Aspects ◽  
Education Network ◽  
The City

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of the serological markers anti-HBc, HBsAg and anti-HBs of hepatitis B and anti-HCV of hepatitis C among children and teenagers enrolled at daycare facilities, kindergartens and municipal elementary education network in the city of Santos, São Paulo, Brazil. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out from June 28 to December 14, 2007, in which 4,680 finger-prick blood samples were collected from children and teenagers. A survey questionnaire was applied to their family members. The sample was dimensioned using the software Epi Info version 6 with expected frequency of 1%, acceptable error of 0.5% and confidence interval of 95%. The serological tests were performed using the ELISA technique. The molecular analysis was performed using the technique of polymerase chain reaction in House. Results: Age of the studied population ranged from 7 months to 18 years and 1 month. The general prevalence of anti-HBc reagent was 0.1%, HBsAg was 0.02% and anti-HCV was 0.02%. Conclusions: In children, the general prevalence of serological markers for hepatitis B and C in the city of Santos was low when compared with literature data.

scholarly journals OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURES TO BODY FLUIDS AND BEHAVIORS REGARDING THEIR PREVENTION AND POST-EXPOSURE AMONG MEDICAL AND NURSING STUDENTS AT A BRAZILIAN PUBLIC UNIVERSITY

2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Ribeiro Fagundes de Souza-Borges ◽  
Larissa Araújo Ribeiro ◽  
Luiz Carlos Marques de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Nursing Students ◽  
Occupational Exposures ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Public University ◽  
Standard Precautions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Post Exposure ◽  
Technical Preparation ◽  
Extra Curricular Activities

A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the frequencies and characteristics of occupational exposures among medical and nursing students at a Brazilian public university, in addition to their prevention and post-exposure behavior. During the second semester of 2010, a self-administered semi-structured questionnaire was completed by 253/320 (79.1%) medical students of the clinical course and 149/200 (74.5%) nursing students who were already performing practical activities. Among medical students, 53 (20.9%) suffered 73 injuries, which mainly occurred while performing extra-curricular activities (32.9%), with cutting and piercing objects (56.2%), in the emergency room (39.7%), and as a result of lack of technical preparation or distraction (54.8%). Among nursing students, 27 (18.1%) suffered 37 injuries, which mainly occurred with hollow needles (67.6%) in the operating room or wards (72.2%), and as a result of lack of technical preparation or distraction (62.1%). Among medical and nursing students, respectively, 96.4% and 48% were dissatisfied with the instructions on previously received exposure prevention; 48% and 18% did not always use personal protective equipment; 67.6% and 16.8% recapped used needles; 49.3% and 35.1% did not bother to find out the source patient's serological results post-exposure; and 1.4% and 18.9% officially reported injuries. In conclusion, this study found high frequencies of exposures among the assessed students, inadequate practices in prevention and post-exposure, and, consequently, the need for training in “standard precautions” to prevent such exposures.

scholarly journals Assessment of compliance to standard precautions among nurses using the Health Belief Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 199
Author(s):  
Noer Triyanto Rusli ◽  
Muchtaruddin Mansyur ◽  
Aria Kekalih ◽  
Astrid Sulistomo ◽  
Retno Asti Werdhani
Keyword(s):  
Health Belief Model ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Occupational Exposures ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Standard Precautions ◽  
Enabling Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Model Components ◽  
Belief Model

BACKGROUND<br />The application of Standard Precautions (SP) has become a significant challenge for healthcare workers, especially in developing countries, endangering their safety and increasing their exposure to blood-related pathogens. This study was aimed at exploring the factors related to nurses’ compliance with the practice of SP.<br /><br />METHODS<br />A cross-sectional study was conducted on 120 nurses working at a hospital in Palembang. Health Belief Model components of the subjects were recorded through questionnaires. A 12-point observation form assessed the nurses’ SP compliance. Multiple logistic regression models were used to explore factors associated with nurses’ compliance.<br /><br />RESULTS<br />The results showed that 56.7% of participants had good compliance, although the five moments of hand hygiene still needed to be improved. The study revealed that the proportion of the operating room and emergency room nurses who complied with the SP was larger than the proportion of those who worked at the other wards (OR=2.57, 95% CI 1.51-4.36). The nurses who had received training also showed a larger proportion of compliance with SP than those who had not been trained (OR=2.70, 95% CI 1.07-6.79).<br /><br />CONCLUSION<br />Nurses’ behavior to SP was significantly associated with the adequacy of the training and work unit. It is suggested that the practice of SP was also influenced by enabling factors and subjective norms. Adequate training of nurses, provision of infection prevention equipment, and assessment of occupational exposures need to be introduced.

scholarly journals Awareness and practice of standard precautions among Kerala State Health Services personnel in Neyyattinkara

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veena Saroji H ◽  
Srinivasan Kannan
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
State Health ◽  
Standard Precautions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Kerala State

Abstract Introduction: Standard precautions are the basic infection control precautions that should be followed in any setting where health care is delivered. This study aims to determine the level of awareness and practice of standard precautions among health personnel, factors that influence practice and the possible hindrances in practice of the same.Methodology: This cross-sectional study was done using a structured interview schedule among 78 doctors, 151 nurses, 80 nursing assistants and 16 lab technicians working in the State health service institutions of Neyyattinkara Taluk. SPSS version 21 software was used for analysis.Results: The findings of the study show that 86.5 percent of the health care personnel (HCP) had good awareness in hand hygiene (HH), 64 percent in use of personal protective equipment (PPE), 78.8 percent in respiratory hygiene (RH), 93.5 percent in safe injection practices (SIP) and 18.5 percent in waste disposal and decontamination (WD). Good practice was seen in 9.2percent of HCP for HH, 69.5 percent in PPE, 94.2 percent in RH, 86.8 percent% in SIP and 97.8percent for WD respectively. When all elements were analysed together nurses were the most likely to have good awareness (15.9%) and doctors were the most likely to have good practice (8.97%). Significant association was noted between age and awareness in HH (p=0.012) and RH (p=0.049), between availability of resources and practice in RH(p=0.004), PPE(p=0.042) and HH(p=0.045) and between trainings received and practice in RH(p=0.037). Hepatitis B vaccination was taken by 68.6 percent of respondents onlyConclusion: Awareness and practice of standard precautions are much deficient among the study population. Trainings and availability of resources have some positive effect in practice. Training coverage and Hepatitis B vaccination coverage were deficient. The needs for extensive trainings and for making the resources available are suggested.

Hepatitis A Seroprevalence Among Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B Infection: A Cross-Sectional Study in Iran During 2016-2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 748-751
Author(s):  
Seyed Ali Dehghan Manshadi ◽  
Neda Alijani ◽  
Mohammadreza Salehi ◽  
Omid Dadras ◽  
SeyedAhmad SeyedAlinaghi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reasonable Approach ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Prevention Method

Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of exposure to hepatitis A by means of serologic markers in chronic hepatitis B patients, with the secondary aim of finding the best prevention method for hepatitis A infection in susceptible groups of our setting. Methods: During the period between 2016 and 2017, we recruited 403 hepatitis B patients aged more than 14 years and regularly attending the infectious diseases clinic at a referral university hospital, Tehran, Iran. A blood sample was collected from all the patients and tested for hepatitis A IgG. The data was analyzed by SPSS v.19. Results: Although none of the patients had previously received hepatitis A vaccine, the results for serologic level of hepatitis A IgG, demonstrated positive results in 379 (94%) cases. The mean age of patients with negative and positive IgG was 29.17 and 42.46 years, respectively; the difference was statistically significant (P≤0.001). The majority of seronegative patients were young adults aged < 25 years and 25 to 35 years (P <0.001). Conclusion: Seroprevalence of hepatitis A in chronic HBV patients in Iran is high. As HBV infected patients younger than 35 years could be seronagative for HAV infection, evaluation of these patients for HAV infection and vaccination of seronegative patients would be a reasonable approach.

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