scholarly journals Frequency and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of urinary pathogens in male outpatients in Argentina

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (06) ◽  
pp. 699-704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugo E Villar ◽  
Mónica B Jugo ◽  
Alejandro Macan ◽  
Matias Visser ◽  
Mariana Hidalgo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

Introduction: Knowledge of the etiology and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of uropathogens is important for determining the best treatment option. This study aimed to determine the distribution and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of bacterial strains isolated from adult male outpatients. Methodology: Between November 2012 and April 2013, 3,105 community urine samples were analyzed from adult male patients who attended the Laboratorio Hidalgo, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Isolates resistant to third generation cephalosporin were tested for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) production using the double-disk synergy test. Results: Of the 3,105 urine samples analyzed, 791 (25.5%) had significant bacteriuria. The frequency of positive urine cultures increased significantly with patient age. Escherichia coli was isolated most frequently (47.3%), followed by Enterococcus faecalis (13.6%), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (11.9%). Gram-negative organisms represented 78.8% of urinary pathogens. The highest activities against Gram-negative bacteria were found with imipenem (99.0%), amikacin (98.1%), ertapenem (94.2%), fosfomycin (90.7%), and piperacillin-tazobactam (90.1%). The frequencies of ESBLs among E. coli, K. pneumoniae, and P. mirabilis were 15.2 %, 22.3%, and 8%, respectively. Fosfomycin, piperacillin-tazobactam, and nitrofurantoin were most effective against Gram-positive organisms. Conclusions: Fosfomycin may be an excellent option for cystitis treatment in patients without risk factors, whereas piperacillin-tazobactam is preferred for the treatment of parenchymatous UTIs, complicated UTIs, and UTIs associated with risk factors. To ensure the optimal selection of antibiotics, physicians should have access to up-to-date information about the local prevalence of antimicrobial resistance.

scholarly journals THU0426 CLINICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF INFECTIOUS ULCERATION OVER TOPHI

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 451.2-452
Author(s):  
Z. Huang ◽  
T. LI ◽  
X. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Albumin Level ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

Background:Infection in ulceration over tophi is the leading cause of sepsis in patients with gout, which is the main indication for surgery. Additionally, patients with infection will significantly prolonged wound closure time compared with those without infection. Investigation of infection in ulceration over tophi will improve our understanding of this critical issue.Objectives:To describe the microbiological profile in ulceration over tophi, antibiotic susceptibility patterns of causative agents, and to study the prediction of infection in ulceration over tophi among patients with gout.Methods:Patients with ulceration over tophi were prospectively enrolled. The clinical characteristics were recorded and microbiological specimens were taken on admission. Specimens were cultured for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, and antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed for the culture isolates. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to having infectious ulceration or not and the potential risk factors for infectious ulceration over tophi were examined using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses.Results:A total of 82 patients were included for analysis. 46 pathogens were isolated from 39 (47.6%) patients, among which the top 3 wereStaphylococcus aureus(43.5%),Pseudomonas aeruginosa(17.4%) andEnterococcus faecalis(13.0%). Overall, the Gram-positive bacilli were more sensitive to gentamicin (81.5%), amikacin (88.9%), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (92.6%), nitrofurantoin (96.3%), linezolid (100.0%), teicoplanin (100.0%) and vancomycin (100.0%) whereas penicillin, oxacillin and ampicillin were 66.7% to 77.8% resistant. The Gram-negative bacilli were more sensitive to amikacin (84.2%), cefoperazone/sulbactam (84.2%) and meropenem (89.5%) whereas ampicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanate, cefotaxime, cefazolin, piperacillin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and tetracycline were 68.4% to 100% resistant. Patients with infection had a higher rate of smoking history and type 2 diabetes, with higher levels of erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein and leucocyte, and lower level of albumin. In stepwise logistic regression analysis, type 2 diabetes (adjusted OR 5.064; 95% CI = 1.430 to 17.928) and albumin level (adjusted OR 0.855; 95% CI = 0.782 to 0.935) were independent predictors of infection in ulceration over tophi.Conclusion:Infection is common in ulceration over tophi. Different antibiotic susceptibility patterns were observed in Gram-positive bacilli and Gram-negative bacilli. Type 2 diabetes and low albumin level were associated with an increased risk of infection in ulceration over tophi. The data in this study will be beneficial for tailoring infection control measures in a way that improves outcomes of ulceration over tophi.References:[1]Huang Z, Liu X, Liu Y, et al. Clinical characteristics and risk factors of ulceration over tophi in patients with gout.International journal of rheumatic diseases2019;22:1052-7.[2]Xu J, Zhu Z, Zhang W. Clinical characteristics of infectious ulceration over tophi in patients with gout.The Journal of international medical research2018;46:2258-64.Table 1.Bacteria isolated from initial ulceration specimens taken on the first admission.BacteriaNumber* (n = 46)Proportion (%)Gram-positive bacilli2758.7 Staphylococcus aureus2043.5 Enterococcus faecalis613.0 Streptococcus mutans12.2Gram-negative bacilli1941.3 Pseudomonas aeruginosa817.4 Klebsiella pneumonia48.7 Enterobacter cloacae36.5 Escherichia coli24.3 Acinetobacter baumannii24.3* Number of ulcerationDisclosure of Interests: :None declared

scholarly journals Antibiotic susceptibility patterns of bacteria isolates in post-operative wound infections among patients attending Mama Lucy Kibaki Hospital, Kenya

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johnstone Amulioto ◽  
Margaret W. Muturi ◽  
Scholastica Mathenge ◽  
Gideon M. Mutua
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Wound Infections ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns ◽  
Operative Wound

Abstract Background Surgical site infections accounts for high mortality rates, morbidity and elevated costs of treatment for surgical patients. In recent years, surgical site infections attributed to antibiotic resistant bacteria has been on the rise globally. To effectively formulate a comprehensive treatment protocol for surgical site infection, there is need for knowing the likely causative agents and their antibiograms. In this regard, this study sought to determine the prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of bacteria isolates from post-operative wound infections among patients attending Mama Lucy Kibaki Hospital.Methods A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out between October 2018 and March 2019. The study included patients of all age group with surgical site infections following general, obstetrics and gynecological surgeries. Pus swabs were aseptically obtained from 58 consented patients with clinical evidence of surgical site infections. Gram stain, culture, biochemical tests and antibiotic susceptibility tests were done for each pus swab. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was done using Kirby bauer disc diffusion method. Data was analysed using a statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) version 20.Results An isolation rate of 94.8% was observed. Staphylococcus aureus 28.2% was the preponderant isolate followed by Escherichia coli 15.4% with Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus accounting for 65.4% (n=17) of the total Staphylococcus species . Chloramphenicol was the most sensitive drug to all the bacteria isolates. Ampicillin and Amoxycillin recorded resistance rates >90% against positive and gram negative bacteria respectively. Klebsiella pneumoniae 81.3% and E.coli 74% were the most resistant bacteria.Conclusion Majority of the drugs were resistant to gram negative rods, therefore there is need for continuous monitoring to determine the susceptibility patterns of the most common surgical site infections bacteria isolates which are found in the hospitals.

scholarly journals Aerobic bacteriological profile and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of pus isolates from tertiary care hospital in India

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 842-848
Author(s):  
Sukanya Sudhaharan ◽  
Padmaja Kanne ◽  
Padmasri Chavali ◽  
Lakshmi Vemu
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Bacteriological Profile ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns

Introduction: Pyogenic infections are an important cause of sepsis. These infections are difficult to treat because of the pathogens with increasing antibiotic resistance. It is important to know the pathogens causing the infections and its antibiotic susceptibility for proper management of the patients. Methodology: A retrospective analysis of 1428 culture positive pus and tissue samples received in the department of microbiology from various departments in the hospital between January 2012 to 2017 was performed. Data regarding the pathogen isolated and its antimicrobial susceptibility were collected and analyzed. The specimens were primarily processed, as per standard methods. Identification and susceptibility testing was done using the Vitek-2C system. Results: Among the samples males outnumbered females (M: F-2.5:1) and the median age was 47 years. The total number of patients were 1428 with total number of isolates being 1525 as in our study monomicrobial infections were seen in 93.2% (1331/1428) patients whereas combined infections with growth of two pathogens in 6.8% (97/1428). Gram-negative bacilli were isolated in 68.3% (1042/1525). Among the Gram-negative bacilli Escherichia coli was the major pathogen isolated (38.6%, 403/1042). Gram positive organisms were isolated in 31.6% (483/1525) of cases and Staphylococcus aureus was the predominant organism isolated (91.7%, 443/483). Rare pathogens like Burkholderia pseudomallei in 3 patients and Nocardia in one patient were also isolated. Conclusion: This study emphasizes to understand the common organisms isolated from wound infections and it helps in empirical treatment of patients based on antibiotic susceptibility patterns.

Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns of Yersinia enterocolitica

1981 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. RESTAINO ◽  
W. M. HILL
Keyword(s):  
Yersinia Enterocolitica ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Resistance To Penicillin ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

Antibiotic susceptibility patterns for Yersinia enterocolitica strains involving 10 different serotypes were analyzed and compared. All Y. enterocolitica were susceptible to colistin, gentamicin, kanamycin, neomycin and doxycycline, whereas all isolates displayed resistance to penicillin G, methicillin (derivative of penicillin), novobiocin, and clindamycin. The antibiograms for the Y. enterocolitica isolates were in some instances related to the somatic serotypes, especially serotype 0:8 for which the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern displayed the greatest disparity. By eliminating the antibiograms for the four serotype 0:8 strains, antimicrobial susceptibility patterns for atypical and typical strains were similar.

scholarly journals Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage in the community: a survey from central Italy

2002 ◽  
Vol 129 (2) ◽  
pp. 417-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. ZANELLI ◽  
A. SANSONI ◽  
A. ZANCHI ◽  
S. CRESTI ◽  
S. POLLINI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Rare Event ◽  
Nasal Carriage ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

Recently, concern has increased regarding the spread of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in the community. We studied 812 subjects from central Italy to establish the rates of nasal carriage of S. aureus, and antibiotic susceptibility patterns, in the community. The prevalence of S. aureus nasal carriage was 30.5%. Only one subject, with predisposing risk factors for acquisition, was identified as carrier of MRSA (prevalence of 0.12%). The presence of MRSA in the community of our area still appears to be a rare event. Among methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) isolates, a surprisingly high rate (18%) of resistance to rifampin was observed.

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