scholarly journals Differences in Total Score of Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale between Bataknese and Javanese Men with Schizophrenia Receiving Risperidone Treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (14) ◽  
pp. 2292-2297
Author(s):  
Manahap Verarius F. Pardosi ◽  
Bahagia Loebis ◽  
Muhammad Surya Husada ◽  
Nazli M. Nasution ◽  
Elmeida Effendy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Difference Score ◽  
Social Classes ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Individual ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Negative Syndrome ◽  
Risperidone Treatment

BACKGROUND: Schizophrenia is a psychopathological syndrome clinic involving cognition, emotion, perception and other aspects from the individual which interferences. This interference is normally started before age 25, and it can affect all social classes. AIM: To find out the difference in total positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) scores in schizophrenia between Bataknese and Javanese who have received treatment with risperidone. METHODS: This study is a prospective study. This study used numeric comparative analytic two unpaired groups to observe the differences of PANSS score of the man with schizophrenia between Bataknese and Javanese who had received risperidone treatment. RESULTS: Our study found that the average score of PANSS for Bataknese was 49.76 ± 12.65 and Javanese was 42.43 ± 9.05. CONCLUSION: There was a difference score of PANSS for the man with schizophrenia between Bataknese and Javanese who had received risperidone treatment for 6 weeks (p = 0.037).

scholarly journals The Difference in Negative Scale Score Measured with Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale in Schizophrenic Male Patient Treated with Risperidone in Addition to Vitamin E and Treated with Risperidone Alone at Prof. Dr. M. Ildrem Mental Hospital Medan

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (T3) ◽  
pp. 104-107
Author(s):  
Risni Nanda ◽  
Elmeida Effendy ◽  
Mustafa Mahmud Amin
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Scale Score ◽  
Mental Hospital ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Negative Syndrome ◽  
Risperidone Treatment

OBJECTIVES: The objectives of the study were to investigate the difference in negative scale score in schizophrenic male patients that received vitamin E-fortified risperidone and those receiving risperidone treatments alone. METHODS: This study was a pre- and post-test experimental design which compared two groups; a group of men with schizophrenia who were given risperidone treatment with added Vitamin E and another group of men with schizophrenia who were given only risperidone treatment. The study was conducted at the outpatient clinic of Prof.dr. M. Ildrem Mental Hospital Medan, North Sumatra within August to November 2019. The study has been approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Medicine, North Sumatera University. The instrument used to assess negative scale on the subjects is PANSS. RESULTS: We found that statistical analysis using corrected Mann–Whitney U-test obtained p < 0.001 (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: There was a strongly significant difference in negative scale Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) scores on 4th and 8th weeks in the group which received risperidone treatment with additional Vitamin E compared to the other group that received risperidone alone.

scholarly journals Epistaxis as a marker for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 status – a prospective study

2020 ◽  
Vol 134 (8) ◽  
pp. 717-720 ◽  
Author(s):  
MH Hussain ◽  
M Mair ◽  
P Rea
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Testing ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
The Difference ◽  
A Prospective Study

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the prevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 infection in patients presenting with epistaxis to a tertiary otolaryngology unit.MethodsA prospective study was conducted of 40 consecutive patients presenting with epistaxis referred to our tertiary otolaryngology unit. A group of 40 age-matched controls were also included. All patients underwent real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction testing for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2. Symptoms of fever, cough and anosmia were noted in the study group.ResultsThe mean age was 66.5 ± 22.4 years in the study group. There were 22 males (55 per cent) and 18 females (45 per cent). The mean age in the control group was 66.3 ± 22.4 years (p = 0.935). There were six positive cases for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (15 per cent) in the epistaxis group and one case (2.5 per cent) in the control group. The difference was statistically significant (p = 0.05).ConclusionEpistaxis may represent a presenting symptom of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 infection. This may serve as a useful additional criterion for screening patients.

scholarly journals Involvement of Workers in Closed and Semiclosed Institutions in Outbreaks of Acute Gastroenteritis Due to Norovirus

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1392
Author(s):  
Ignacio Parrón ◽  
Irene Barrabeig ◽  
Miquel Alseda ◽  
Thais Cornejo-Sánchez ◽  
Susana Guix ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Occupational Category ◽  
Hygiene Measures ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Rate Ratios ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Mean Cycle

Norovirus outbreaks frequently occur in closed or semiclosed institutions. Recent studies in Catalonia and various countries indicate that, during outbreaks in these institutions, norovirus is detected in between 23% and 60% of workers, and the prevalence of infection in asymptomatic workers involved in outbreaks ranges from 17% to 40%. In this work, we carried out a prospective study to investigate the involvement of workers in closed and semiclosed institutions during outbreaks. The attack rates (ARs) and the rate ratios (RRs) were calculated according to the type of transmission and occupational category. The RRs and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) between workers and users were calculated. The mean cycle of quantification (Cq) values were compared according to the genogroup and the presence of symptoms. ARs were higher in person-to-person transmission than in common vehicle outbreaks, and 38.8% of workers were symptomatic. The RR between workers and users was 0.46 (95% CI 0.41–0.52). The ARs in workers were high, particularly in workers with closer contact with users. The mean Cq was lower in patients than in asymptomatic infected persons, although the difference was only significant for genogroup I (GI). The frequency of asymptomatic infected persons suggests that personal hygiene measures should be followed by all workers in the centers affected.

The acquisition of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in village doctors in China: a prospective study

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (12) ◽  
pp. 1241-1246
Author(s):  
H. Zhang ◽  
X. Cao ◽  
D. Wang ◽  
H. Xin ◽  
Z. Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Pulmonary Tb ◽  
Village Doctors ◽  
Key Population ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
The Difference ◽  
A Prospective Study

BACKGROUND: Occupational exposure-related risk of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection has been reported for village doctors in China. This prospective study aims to estimate the infection acquisition in this key population.METHODS: At baseline, all village doctors registered in Zhongmu County were tested by QuantiFERON®-TB Gold In-Tube (QFT) and QuantiFERON®-TB Gold Plus (QFT-Plus) in parallel. Those negatives for either of the tests were retested to identify conversions at the 2-year follow-up investigation.RESULTS: A total of 367 eligible participants completed the 2-year follow-up survey with frequency of conversion of 5.0% (18/361) for QFT and 6.1% (21/343) for QFT-Plus. The agreement of follow-up results between the tests was 93.2% with a κ coefficient of 0.43 (95%CI 0.20–0.65). Among QFT-Plus convertors, the difference between TB1 and TB2 tubes (TB2-TB1) was significantly increased as compared with baseline results (P = 0.039). Participants from the villages with occurrence of microbiologically confirmed pulmonary TB showed higher frequency of QFT conversions (11.0% vs. 3.2%, P = 0.011) and QFT-Plus conversions (12.3% vs. 4.4%, P = 0.027) than those from the villages without occurrence.CONCLUSION: Our results consistently suggest that capability on occupational protection and M. tuberculosis infection control should be improved in village doctors in China.

Appendicular Histology and Its Clinical Significance in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis: A Prospective Study from North India

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 141-147
Author(s):  
Puneet Chhabra ◽  
Rajesh Gupta ◽  
Vishal Sharma ◽  
Surinder S Rana ◽  
Deepak K Bhasin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Relapse Rate ◽  
North India ◽  
Innocent Bystander ◽  
Minimum Period ◽  
Variable Extent ◽  
The Difference ◽  
A Prospective Study

ABSTRACT Background and aims The appendix may be involved in ulcerative colitis (UC) to variable extent. Clinical significance of appendicular involvement is not clear and it has long been considered an innocent bystander. This study prospectively investigated appendiceal histology and its clinical significance in patients with UC. Materials and methods Colonoscopy was performed in 60 patients and biopsies were taken from appendiceal orifice, cecum, and colon. Appendiceal histology was classified as active if there was presence of neutrophils with crypt distortion. Inactive inflammation was defined as positive for crypt distortion and negative for neutrophils. Otherwise the histology was reported as normal or nonspecific changes. The patients were followed for a minimum period of 6 months. Results In patients evaluated endoscopically, 63% patients had histological involvement of the appendiceal orifice. Pancolitis was seen more commonly in patients with appendicular orifice inflammation than in patients with normal appendicular histology (44.7 vs 9%, p = 0.001). Most patients with appendiceal orifice inflammation had involvement of the cecum. Skip lesion of the appendix without cecum involvement was seen in 37% of the patients. The patients with appendiceal orifice inflammation had a significantly higher grade of endoscopic colitis compared to patients with normal histology (p = 0.006). Relapse rate was higher in patients with appendiceal orifice inflammation than in patients with normal appendiceal histology (18.4 vs 9%), although the difference was insignificant (p = 0.329). Conclusion Appendicular involvement in ulcerative colitis is not uncommon. Its involvement may predict the course, extent, and severity of colitis. How to cite this article Parvez N, Rana SS, Nada R, Sharma V, Sharma R, Chhabra P, Gunjan D, Dhalaria L, Gupta R, Bhasin DK. Appendicular Histology and Its Clinical Significance in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis: A Prospective Study from North India. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2016;50(3):141-147.

scholarly journals Fungi in association with chronic bacterial rhinosinusitis; relationship with a synergistic effect: a prospective study

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 1272
Author(s):  
Namit Kant Singh ◽  
Lakshmi Narayan Garg ◽  
Shubhranshu Shekhar ◽  
Naiya Rao ◽  
Chandpreet Kour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Microbial Infection ◽  
Nasal Blockage ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
The Individual ◽  
A Prospective Study

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The role of fungi as an etiological factor in the causation of chronic rhinosinusitis remains uncertain. The interaction of Fungi with bacteria can result formation of mixed biofilm which provide symbiotic relationship along with resistance from antimicrobials with an increased severity of symptoms.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The cases of chronic rhinosinusitis were diagnosed and the grading of the symptom severity was done by visual analog scale in which symptoms of nasal blockage, rhinorrhea or post nasal drip, facial pain/headache, loss of smell, sleep disturbance/ fatigue were taken into consideration and each of the symptoms was graded from 1 to 10.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> A strong association was detected between bacteria and fungi as 37 out of 40 (92.5%) amongst cases and 31 out of 40 (77.5%) amongst controls showed growth of both the organisms. Cases who were detected of having Fungi with Bacteria were having an average score of 8.364 and cases with bacteria alone were having an average score of 6.36. taking into consideration the individual symptom score and analyzing the data, the comparison between cases having both bacteria and fungi and cases with bacteria alone was found to be statistically significant with a p one-tail= 0.010221 and p two-tail= 0.020442.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> In chronic rhinosinusitis there is a higher incidence of poly microbial infection, and bacteria along with fungi co-exist with a synergistic effect leading to a higher morbidity.</p>

scholarly journals Propranolol therapy in infantile hemangioma: correlation of age and duration of treatment to the outcomes

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Farooq Al-Mayoof ◽  
Ali Egab Joda ◽  
Osama Esmaeel Almushhadany
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Infantile Hemangioma ◽  
Vascular Tumor ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Initiation Of Therapy ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Propranolol Therapy

Abstract Background Infantile hemangioma (IH) is the commonest vascular tumor affecting children that appears in the first 2 weeks of life and follows a proliferative phase that continues during the first year of life. After then, it undergoes involution, which lasts for several months or years depending on the size, site, gender, and development of complications. The purpose of this prospective study was to evaluate the correlation of age and duration of propranolol therapy to the outcomes of infantile hemangioma. Methods A prospective study included 28 patients with IH in which the propranolol therapy was initiated in a dose of 3 mg/kg/day divided into two to three doses. The surface area of IH was calculated monthly using AutoCAD software. Treatment with propranolol was discontinued when there was no more decrease in the surface area for two consecutive visits. Eleven males and 17 females completed the study. The age at initiation of therapy ranged from 2 to 16 months while at the end of therapy it was 9 to 23 months. Results The mean difference percent of surface area at 6 months was (51.1 ± 16.3), while at the end of the treatment course was (75.0±16.8) which was statistically significant (P < 0.0001). In addition, a significant inverse correlation was found between the age at the beginning of treatment and the difference percent of surface area. A similar inverse correlation was observed between the age at the beginning of treatment and the duration of treatment. Conclusion In addition to the safety and efficacy of propranolol therapy for IH, a higher response rate can be gained with early treatment and a prolonged course of therapy. In addition, propranolol therapy should be continued until there is no more response for two consecutive months regardless of the age of therapy initiation and the duration of treatment.

scholarly journals A prospective study to evaluate the utility of Mannheim peritonitis index in predicting prognosis of perforation peritonitis at our tertiary care centre

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. 3245
Author(s):  
Saravanan K. V. ◽  
Gowri Sankar Alagarsamy ◽  
Udhaya Sankar
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Mannheim Peritonitis Index ◽  
Generalized Peritonitis ◽  
Post Evaluation ◽  
Prediction Of Mortality ◽  
Perforation Peritonitis ◽  
The Individual ◽  
A Prospective Study

Background: This study was aimed to evaluate the validity of Mannheim Peritonitis Index (MPI) in predicting the outcome in patients with perforation peritonitis.Methods: A prospective study was designed for a study period of 2 years, 75 patients who underwent operation for perforation peritonitis were included in the study. Post evaluation done with predesigned proforma, MPI score was calculated and analyzed for each patient who underwent surgery, death being the main outcome measure. The MPI scores were divided into three categories. MPI scores <15 (category 1), 16-25 (category 2), and >25 (category 3).Results: Present study consisted of 60 males and 15 females (male:female ratio of 4:1) with the mean patients age 37.96±17.49 years. 47, 26, and 27 cases belonged to MPI score categories 1, 2, and 3. The dominating source of perforation was small intestinal. The individual parameters of MPI score were assessed against the mortality, age >50 years (P = 0.015), organ failure (P = 0.0001), noncolonic origin of sepsis (P = 0.002), and generalized peritonitis (P = 0.0001) were the factors significantly associated with mortality. The sensitivity of MPI was 92% and specificity was 78% in receiver operating characteristic curves.Conclusions: MPI is an effective tool for prediction of mortality in cases of perforation peritonitis.

Complications After the Treatment of Endometrial Cancer: A Prospective Study Using the French-Italian Glossary

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 418-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Piovano ◽  
Luca Fuso ◽  
Cinzia Baima Poma ◽  
Annamaria Ferrero ◽  
Stefania Perotto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Laparoscopic Approach ◽  
Gynecology And Obstetrics ◽  
High Risk Disease ◽  
The Difference ◽  
A Prospective Study

IntroductionThe evaluation of treatment complications is crucial in modern oncology because they heavily influence the every day life of patients. Several authors confirmed the reproducibility of the French-Italian glossary to score the complications in patients with endometrial cancer after radiotherapy (RT), but the treatment of endometrial carcinoma is primarily surgical and chemotherapy is often used for high-risk disease.ObjectivesThis study aimed to analyze the incidence of complications in our patients treated for endometrial cancer and to verify whether the glossary is a suitable instrument in the description of complications after surgery, RT, and chemotherapy.MethodsThe data of patients affected by endometrial cancer treated in the Gynecology and Obstetrics Academic Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Mauriziano Umberto I in Turin from 2000 to 2009 (with surgery alone or integrated treatments) were prospectively collected, and complications were described using the glossary. Every patient included in the analyses had a minimum of 18 months follow-up.ResultsOf the 271 patients, 68 (25%) experienced at least 1 complication with 87 overall complications. Most of the complications were mild (63%) and were found in the urinary (30%) or cutaneous systems (30%). Forty-four (50%) complications appeared within 1 year after treatment, but 9 (10%) complications appeared after 60 months of follow-up. Patients who were submitted to both surgery and RT showed a trend of higher rate of at least 1 complication (19/58 [32.7%]) if compared with surgery alone (36/135 [26.6%]), even if the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.09). The incidence of complications in patients treated or not with lymphadenectomy was not statistically different (P = 0.088), whereas patients treated with laparotomy had a higher rate of cutaneous complications if compared with the laparoscopic approach (P = 0.018). The glossary included all observed complications.ConclusionsOne every 4 women treated for endometrial cancer develops a complication. Clinicians should check for complications especially after integrated treatments maintaining surveillance even in the long term. The glossary is a comprehensive instrument to describe the complications of endometrial cancer, regardless of the type of treatment delivered.

Prospective evaluation of neurological soft signs in first-episode schizophrenia in relation to psychopathology: state versus trait phenomena

2003 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 1479-1484 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. WHITTY ◽  
M. CLARKE ◽  
S. BROWNE ◽  
O. McTIGUE ◽  
M. KAMALI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Course ◽  
Clinical State ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Neurological Soft Signs ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
First Episode Schizophrenia ◽  
Negative Syndrome

Background. Although patients with schizophrenia have increased rates of neurological soft signs, few studies have examined prospectively their trait or state characteristics in relation to psychopathology.Method. In a prospective study of 97 patients with first-episode schizophrenia (DSM-IV criteria) we assessed neurological soft signs and psychopathology at presentation and at 6 month follow-up for 73 cases. To establish whether soft signs were associated with variations in clinical state, neurological soft signs were measured using two validated examinations (Neurological Evaluation Scale and Condensed Neurological Examination); psychopathology was assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale.Results. There was significant improvement in overall neurological function, primarily in motor-related and cortical signs, which were associated with improvement in psychopathology. Conversely, ‘harder’ signs were unrelated to improvement in psychopathology.Conclusions. Neurological soft signs in schizophrenia are heterogenous. Motor and cortical signs evidence state-like characteristics and vary with clinical course, while ‘harder’ signs evidence more static, trait-like characteristics in accordance with a neurodevelopmental basis.

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