scholarly journals Antenatal Obstetric Hospitalization: Risk Factors and Pregnancy Outcomes in the University of Calabar University Teaching Hospital, Calabar – A Retrospective Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (B) ◽  
pp. 235-239
Author(s):  
Ubong Bassey Akpan ◽  
Chidinma Enweremadu ◽  
Emmanuel Monjok ◽  
Thomas Agan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Maternal Death ◽  
Perinatal Death ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Medical Comorbidities ◽  
Long Term Study ◽  
Duration Of Hospitalization ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Obstetric Factors

BACKGROUND: Antenatal obstetrics hospitalization (AOH) may be indicated due to pregnancy complications that need close surveillance and possible intervention. AIM: The aim of this review was to assess the risk factors and the peripartum outcome of such women. METHODS: Retrospective study of records of pregnant women was done. The risk factors of interest included maternal demographic profile, obstetric factors, and medical comorbidities. Outcome of interest included discharge diagnoses, maternal death or morbidity, and perinatal outcome. Inferential statistics was used to assess significant relationship between variables. The level of significance was set at p ≤ 0.05. Analysis was done using SPSS version 22.0. RESULTS: The prevalence of AOH within the period under review was 2.8% among the 3686 women who delivered at UCTH. The mean maternal age was 29.24 ± 4.059 (SD) years. The mean body mass index (BMI) was 27.91 kg/m2 ± 3.704 (SD). The mean gestational age at admission was 33.03 weeks. The mean duration of hospitalization was 4.03 days. Seven (7.7%) of them had chronic medical comorbidities. The case fatality rate for preeclampsia/eclampsia was low for AOH with (12.5%) compared to 17.1% in none hospitalized women. The perinatal mortality rate was 66/1000 live births. The duration of hospitalization was positively related to the maternal BMI (p = 0.047). Booking status and duration of hospitalization did not significantly affect neonatal outcome/perinatal death (p = 0.905). CONCLUSION: AOH may reduce incidence of maternal death However, long-term study may be indicated to assess the trend and neonatal/infant survival.

scholarly journals Incidence and Predictors of Mortality Among Newborns With Perinatal Asphyxia: A 4-Year Prospective Study of Newborns Delivered in Health Care Facilities in Enugu, South-East Nigeria

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 117955651774664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uchenna Ekwochi ◽  
Nwabueze I Asinobi ◽  
Chidiebere DI Osuorah ◽  
Ikenna K Ndu ◽  
Christian Ifediora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Perinatal Asphyxia ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
State University ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Gestational Age At Delivery

Fatalities from perinatal asphyxia remain high in developing countries, and continually assessing its risk factors will help improve outcomes in these settings. We explored how some identified risk factors predict mortality in asphyxiated newborns, to assist clinicians in prioritizing interventions. This was a 4-year prospective study conducted at the Enugu State University Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria. All newborns who met the study criteria that were admitted to this facility in this period were enrolled and monitored. Data collected were analysed with SPSS Version 18. A total of 161 newborns with perinatal asphyxia were enrolled into the study with an in-hospital incidence rate of 12.81 per 1000 birth and a case fatality rate of 18%. Overall, the APGAR scores were severe in 10%, moderate in 22%, mild to normal in 68%, whereas the SARNAT stages were III in 24%, II in 52%, and I in 25%. In terms of mortality, 66.7%, 22.2%, and 11.1% mortalities were, respectively, observed with SARNAT scores III, II, and I ( P = .003), whereas the findings with APGAR were 31.2% (severe), 25.0% (moderate), 25.0% (mild), and 18.8% (normal) ( P = .030). Fatality outcome was more correlated with SARNAT ( R = .280; P = .000) than APGAR ( R = −.247; P = .0125). The SARNAT score significantly differentiated between the degrees of asphyxia in newborns based on gestational age at delivery ( P = .010), place of delivery ( P = .032), and mode of delivery ( P = .042). Finally, it was noted that newborns that were female ( P = .007), or born outside the hospital ( P = .010), or with oxygen saturations <60% ( P = .001), or with heart rate <120 ( P = .000), and those with respiratory rate <30 ( P = .003), all have significantly higher likelihood of deaths from asphyxia. Therefore, predictors of neonatal mortality from perinatal asphyxia in our centre include being female and being born outside the hospital, as well as low oxygen saturations, heart rates, and respiratory rates at presentation.

scholarly journals Maternal and perinatal outcome in severe preeclampsia and eclampsia at the Rivers State university teaching hospital, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 4389
Author(s):  
Peter A. Awoyesuku ◽  
Dickson H. John ◽  
Dickson H. John ◽  
Lewis B. Lebara ◽  
Lewis B. Lebara
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Severe Preeclampsia ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
State University ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Rivers State

Background: Severe preeclampsia and eclampsia remain a challenge in tropical obstetric practice. It is a major contributor to feto-maternal morbidity and mortality in developing countries. This study seeks to determine the prevalence, associated risk factors and the feto-maternal outcome of severe preeclampsia and eclampsia at the rivers state university teaching hospital (RSUTH).Method: A retrospective study of all women who had severe preeclampsia and eclampsia and were delivered at the RSUTH in a two-year period, 1ST January 2018 to 31ST December 2019, was carried out. Data on patients’ age, parity, education, booking status, gestational age at delivery, diagnosis, complications, mode of delivery and fetal sex, birth weight and Apgar scores were retrieved using structured pro-forma. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.Results: There were 4496 deliveries of which 128 had severe preeclampsia and eclampsia, giving a prevalence of 2.85%. Of these, 94 (73.4%) had severe preeclampsia and 34 (26.6%) had eclampsia. The mean age of the women ± SD was 29.84±5.44 years, median parity was para 1, and mean gestational age ± SD was 35.38±3.84 weeks. There were 10 maternal deaths giving case fatality of 7.8%. The mean birth weight ± SD was 2.61±0.91 kg and stillborn rate was 14.4%. There was significant association with maternal age, education, booking status, method of delivery and Apgar score of the baby.Conclusion: The prevalence in this study is high with associated high maternal mortality and stillborn rates. Timely and appropriate intervention including primary management and judicious termination of pregnancy will reduce mortality of mother and fetus.

scholarly journals Maternal Mortality in a District Hospital of Bangladesh An In-Depth Search of the Underlying Causes

1970 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-106
Author(s):  
Fatema Ashraf ◽  
SM Mustanzid ◽  
Marina Khanom
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Maternal Death ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Emergency Obstetric Care ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Care Facility ◽  
Obstetric Care ◽  
Health Priorities

Maternal death is a tragedy - a social injustice to individual women, to a family and to their community. To reduce maternal mortality is at the top of the national health priorities. Emergency obstetric care service is thought to be the basis of reducing maternal mortality and morbidity. This study was carried out to determine the case fatality rate and risk factors of maternal mortality in Kushtia General Hospital, a secondary health care facility, where comprehensive Emergency Obstetric Care (EmOC) service is established. A total of 3,709 cases were admitted with pregnancy or related complications during pregnancy or within 42 days of confinement, from August 1999 to July 2000. Among them 3,186 were obstetric patients and 523 were gynaecological cases. Within this 12-months period 37 mothers died. Clinical causes of deaths were: 32 (86.48%) due to eclampsia, 3 (8.1%) due to ruptured uterus with shock, 1 (2.7%) due to induced incomplete abortion with shock and 1 (2.7%) due to PPH with shock. Almost 100% of the deaths could be prevented if they had come to the hospital at an earlier part of the disease. Responsible factors for these deaths could be at personal, familial, socio-cultural or health care center level. So this study was carried out to identify the risk factors of maternal death and also the status of health care delivery system at the peripheral level of the country i.e. the EmOC delay model in this perspective has been tried to identify. doi: 10.3329/taj.v20i2.3068 TAJ 2007; 20(2): 99-106

scholarly journals Prevalence and outcome of neonatal tetanus in Zaria, Northwestern Nigeria

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (04) ◽  
pp. 255-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Onalo ◽  
Hassan Mshalia Ishiaka ◽  
Williams Nuhu Ogala
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Neonatal Tetanus ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Continuous Evaluation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Male To Female

Introduction: Neonatal tetanus is a highly debilitating disease with high mortality. Global efforts at eliminating the disease in developing countries are yielding results but slower than expected. The high case fatality of neonatal tetanus remains a therapeutic challenge to physicians and requires continuous evaluation. This study aimed to determine the incidence and outcome of neonatal tetanus in Zaria, northwestern Nigeria. Methodology: A retrospective study of neonatal tetanus was conducted at the Neonatal Unit of Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria, between January 2005 and December 2009. Data generated were analyzed using the Epi Info version 3.5.1 software and statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: Of the 2,692 newborns admitted during the study period, 20 had tetanus, giving an overall prevalence of 0.7%. There were 14 males and 6 females (male to female ratio 2.3:1). The mean age and weight at presentation were 8.3 ± 4.0 days and 2.7 ± 0.3 kg, respectively. The mean incubation period was 3.2 ± 2.0 days. Four infants (20.0%) survived, one was discharged against medical advice and 15 (75.0%) died. Factors associated with mortality were presentation at less than seven days of life, low Hendrickse score at presentation (p = 0.0005) and hypoglycaemia (p = 0.0374). Conclusion: The incidence and the mortality rate of neonatal tetanus appear to be lower than those previously reported by our centre for the same region. Therefore, the ongoing global efforts for disease elimination and further improvements in the quality of care should be sustained.

Stroke mortality in a teaching hospital in South Western Nigeria

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 186-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
M A Komolafe ◽  
O Ogunlade ◽  
E O Komolafe
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Case Fatality Rate ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Uncontrolled Hypertension ◽  
Fatality Rate ◽  
Stroke Mortality ◽  
Community Based ◽  
High Risk Factors ◽  
Treatment Of Hypertension ◽  
The Mean

Stroke, a major cause of morbidity and mortality, is on the increase and with increasing mortality. Our retrospective review of all stroke admissions from 1990-2000 show that cerebrovascular disease accounted for 3.6% (293/8144) of all medical admissions; it has a case fatality rate of 45% with the majority (61%) occurring in the first week; the mean age of stroke deaths was 62 years (standard deviation-13); and severe as well as uncontrolled hypertension is the most important risk factor. Community-based programmes aimed at early detection and treatment of hypertension, in addition to screening for those with high risk factors, should be put in place.

scholarly journals Anxiety and Depression Among Children With Epilepsy Attending in Neurology Department of Yalagdo Ouedraogo University Teaching Hospital (Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfred Anselme Dabilgou ◽  
Julie Marie Adeline Kyelem ◽  
Boubacar Bagué ◽  
Alassane Dravé ◽  
Isidore Sawadogo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Mild Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male Predominance ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background Children with epilepsies (CWE) show an increased prevalence of comorbid depressive and anxiety disorders.Patients and Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study on children with epilepsy aged 7 to 19 years attending neurology consultations at YOUTH during the period from May 06 to August 6, 2019. STAIc Anxiety Scale and Child Depression Inventory were performed in all the patients. Results: The mean age of children with epilepsy was 10.86 ± 3.30 years with male predominance. The mean STAIc score was 34.71 ± 6.58. Anxiety was observed in 42.2% of cases with male predominance. Anxiety was mild to moderate in 42.2% of cases. The risk factors for anxiety were the educational status (p-0.01) and epilepsy duration (p-0.02). The mean CDI score was 11.66 ± 5.76. Depression symptoms were observed in 26.7% of patients. Mild depression was present in all of cases. The risk factors for depression were the level of education (p = 0.01) and the duration of epilepsy (p = 0.008).Conclusion:Anxiety and depression were common in children with epilepsy in Burkina Faso. The risk factors for anxiety and depression were educational status and epilepsy duration.

scholarly journals Post Neonatal Tetanus as Seen in Rivers State University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria: Prevalence, Clinical Profile and Outcome

2021 ◽  
pp. 38-47
Author(s):  
Tamunoiyowuna Grace Okari ◽  
Boma Awoala West
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Tetanus Toxoid ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Neonatal Tetanus ◽  
State University ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Rivers State

Background: Post neonatal tetanus, a vaccine preventable disease is a cause of childhood morbidity and mortality in many developing countries including Nigeria. This study was carried out to determine the prevalence, clinical profile and outcome of children with post-neonatal tetanus. Methods: This prospective observational study carried out over 3years in the Paediatric ward of the Rivers State University Teaching Hospital, was among children older than 28days and up to 16years. Result: Of 966 children admitted during the period of study, 12 had post-neonatal tetanus giving a prevalence of 1.2%. Six (50%) were > 10years old with a M:F ratio of 5:1, 5(41.7%) resided in rural areas and all (100%) were of low socioeconomic status. Six (50%) did not receive tetanus toxoid vaccine and no child had booster doses. Portal of entry for the infection was majorly via injuries on their limbs, 7(58.3%). The mean incubation period was 10.58±7.39 days while the mean onset interval was 31.58±27.85 hours. Three (25%) children had severe tetanus using Ablett’s classification with spasm 11(91.7%) documented as the commonest symptom. Half, 6(50%) of the children had autonomic complications and an overall case fatality rate of 25%. Conclusion: The prevalence of post-neonatal tetanus in the Rivers State University Teaching Hospital was low being 1.2%, although unacceptable. The mortality rate of post-neonatal tetanus of 25% was high. Thus, there is a need to strengthen existing immunization program and immediately adopt the commencement of booster doses of tetanus toxoid vaccines for eligible children in Nigeria.

scholarly journals Frequency and Mortality Risk Factors of Acute Ischemic Stroke in Emergency Department in Burkina Faso

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Alfred Anselme Dabilgou ◽  
Alassane Dravé ◽  
Julie Marie Adeline Kyelem ◽  
Saïdou Ouedraogo ◽  
Christian Napon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Emergency Department ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Average Length ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Vascular Risk ◽  
The Mean

Objective. To determine the prevalence of ischemic stroke deaths and their predictive factors in the Emergency Department at Yalgado Ouedraogo University Teaching Hospital (YOUTH). Methodology. This was a retrospective study with an analytical and descriptive focus over a period of three years from January 1, 2015, to December 31, 2017. Results. During the study period, 302 acute ischemic stroke patients with a mean age of 62.2±14.26 years were included. Atrial hypertension was the most common vascular risk factor in 52.5%. On admission, 34.8% of patients had loss of consciousness. The mean time to perform brain CT was 1.5 days. The average length of stay was 4 days. Electrocardiogram, echocardiography, and cervical Doppler were not performed during hospitalization in ED. The mortality rate was 39%, respectively, 37.6% in male and 41.6% in female. The mean age of patients who died in ED was 63.6±13.52 years. Hypertension was the most common vascular risk factors in 54.2% of death. After logistic regression, the predictors of death were past history of heart disease, consciousness disorders, hyperthermia, hyperglycemia on admission, poststroke pneumonia, and urinary tract infection. Conclusions. Acute ischemic stroke was frequent in Emergency Department with high mortality rate. The mortality risk factors were the same than those found in literature. This higher mortality can be avoided by early diagnosis and an adequate management.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Anaemia in Children Aged Six Months to Fifteen Years Admitted to University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-21
Author(s):  
M. N. Inambao ◽  
◽  
V Mulenga ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Severe Anaemia ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Background: Anaemia is a public health problem globally affecting 293.1 million children and 28.5% of these children are in sub-Saharan Africa. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of anaemia and the associated risk factors of anaemia in children aged 6 months to 15 years admitted to the University Teaching Hospital. There have been no studies done at University Teaching Hospital to establish the burden of anaemia in children. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from July 2016 to December 2016. 351 children were recruited through convenient sampling methods. Data collection sheet was used to collect socio-demographic and anthropometry data. The prevalence, associated risk factors of anaemia, and morphological types of anaemia were determined after blood investigations were done. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 21.0. The association between predictors and outcome variables were measured using logistic regression and bivariate analysis. Ethical permission was obtained, consent from parents/guardians was taken and confidentiality was maintained. Results: A total of 351 children were studied. The mean age was 3 years (IOR 2-7 years). 45.9% were females and 54.1% were males (P=0.12). The mean cell volume was 74. 5fL.Malnourished children were 37.9% among those who were anaemic as compared to 33.7% in the non-anaemic group. 7.4% of children had positive malaria by rapid diagnostic test (RDT). 23.8% had a positive sickling test. The prevalence of anaemia was 161/351 (45.9%). Mild, moderate, severe anaemia was 47/161(29%), 86/161(53%) and 28/161(17%) respectively. The age group 6 months to 5 years was the most affected with 59% mildly, 69.8% moderately and 71.4% severely anaemic. On bivariate analysis malnutrition, HIV, malaria, age and sex were not associated with anaemia and there was no statistical difference. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the presence of haemoglobin S was the only risk factor independently strongly associated with Anaemia (CI-0.2-0.7), p-value of 0.001. Conclusion: Anaemia is a health problem at University Teaching hospital and the under-five age group is the most affected. Predictors of mild, moderate and severe anaemia is sickle cell disease. Therefore, improving on early screening of sickle cell disease and investigating the role of iron deficiency anaemia are some of the strategies to be advocated.

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