scholarly journals Effect of Cadmium Chloride on the Histological Structure of Lung in Adult Male Mice with and without Parsley Oil

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (A) ◽  
pp. 676-679
Author(s):  
Maha Alsammak
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Cadmium Chloride ◽  
Single Daily Dose ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histological Structure ◽  
Microscopical Examination ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Daily Dose ◽  
Intragastric Tube

This study is to detect the toxic effect of cadmium chloride on the histological structure of the lung and the effect of parsley oil to amilorate these changes  In this experiement 40 adult male mice were divided into four groups. Goup A (control group) in this group animals were injected with the normal saline intraperitoneally single daily dose for 30 days. Group B injected intrapertioneally with cadmium chloride single daily dose 3.5 mg/kg body weight for 30 days. Group C injected intraperetonially with cadmium chloride in a dose of 3.5 mg/kg body weight. Intragastric tube was put to recieve parsley oil in a dose of 0.5 ml/kg body weight prior to cadmium injection. The two drugs were given for 30 days. Group D recieved 0.5 ml/kg body weight by intragastric tube of parsley oil for 30 days. At the end of this experiement, the animals were sacrified the lungs were collected from all groups and prepared for light microscopical examination. Histological changes were detected in cadmium chloride treated group in comparison with the control group including congestion, inflammatory cell infiltration, interstial pneumonia (decreased alveolar space), thickening of interalveolar septum and damge to the alveolar cells. All these changes were eliminated by giving parsley oil.

Dietary fat and adiposity: a dose-response relationship in adult male rats fed isocalorically

1995 ◽  
Vol 268 (4) ◽  
pp. E546-E550 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. N. Boozer ◽  
G. Schoenbach ◽  
R. L. Atkinson
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Fat Diet ◽  
Mesenteric Fat ◽  
Total Body Fat ◽  
Total Body

This study examined the effects of increasing levels of dietary fat fed isocalorically on body weight, body composition, and adipose distribution. Adult male rats were weight matched into four groups. One group that was fed a low-fat diet (12%) served as reference controls. The other three groups were fed diets of 24, 36, or 48% fat in amounts to equal the energy intake of the control group. After 6 wk, body weights of the four groups were not significantly different. Intrascapular brown fat did not differ between groups. Total body fat and adipose depot weights, however, increased in proportion to the level of fat in the diet. Total body fat and retroperitoneal and mesenteric depot weights of the 48% fat group were greater than controls (P < 0.05). Mesenteric fat in this group was also significantly increased over all other groups (P < 0.05). These results show that high-fat diets fed to adult animals cause increased body fat in the absence of significant changes in body weight and that mesenteric fat is increased disproportionately.

scholarly journals Differential Expression of CD3, TNF-α, and VEGF Induced by Olanzapine on the Spleen of Adult Male Albino Rats and the Possible Protective Role of Vitamin C

Biomedicines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Sahar Youssef ◽  
Marwa Salah
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
White Pulp ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Group Ii

Olanzapine is an antipsychotic drug effective in the treatment of stress-associated psychiatric illnesses, but its effect on the spleen remains unclear. Vitamin C is essential for the optimum function of the immune system. We aim to investigate the effect of Olanzapine on spleen structures and to assess the protective effect of vitamin C. Forty adult male albino rats were divided into four groups: group (I), a control; group (II), rats were given vitamin C at 40 mg/kg body weight; group (III), rats were given Olanzapine at 2 mg/kg body weight; and group (IV), rats were given vitamin C and Olanzapine at the same dose of group (II) and group (III) for one month. The hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) of the olanzapine treated group showed focal areas of cellular depletion and a decrease in the size of the white pulp. The red pulp was expanded and showed marked congestion and dilatation of blood sinusoids. Cluster of differentiation 3 (CD3) was significantly reduced, however both tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were significantly higher. The administration of vitamin C repaired structural and immunohistochemical changes via increased CD3 and decreased TNF-α and VEGF. Therefore, the oxidative and the inflammatory pathways may be the possible mechanisms underlying olanzapine immunotoxicity. Vitamin C exerted immune modulator and antioxidant effects against olanzapine.

scholarly journals A preliminary study on the reproductive toxicity of GS-5734 on male mice

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Fan ◽  
Jiao Luo ◽  
Depeng Zhao ◽  
Tianqin Deng ◽  
Yuanbo Weng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Count ◽  
Reproductive Toxicity ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Sperm Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Abnormal Sperm ◽  
Daily Dose ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Group 1

AbstractBackgroundGS-5734 as a novel and promising medicine for COVID-2019, its biological impact on the mammalian reproductive system has not been systematically studied. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of GS-5734 on sperm parameters and spermatogenesis in mice.Materials and MethodsIn this study, GS-5734 was synthesized according to the report. 28 adult male mice were randomly segregated into four groups (n=7 for each group). The group 1 was set as the control group, the group 1, 2, 3 and 4 were administered with GS-5734 at a daily dose of 0, 10, 50, 150 μg/mouse respectively, by intraperitoneal injection for 10 days. On the 7th day after the last injection, the testes and cauda epididymides were collected for HE staining and sperm concentration, motility, morphology analysis.ResultsThe results indicated that after treated with GS-5734, the total sperm count and motile sperm rate showed downward trends, the abnormal sperm rate showed an increasing trend. As compared with the control group, GS-5734 at a daily dose of 150 μg/mouse caused a significant decrease in sperm concentration and motility, and a significant increased of abnormal sperm rate; the 50 μg/mouse drug treatment lead to a significant decrease in sperm motility and an increase in abnormal sperm rate. The HE staining of testicular and epididymal tissues showed that the spermatogenesis of mice was significantly deteriorated with the increasing dosage of GS-5734, especially in the 150 μg/mouse group.ConclusionOur findings suggest that a high dosage of GS-5734 may induce testicular toxicity and result in deterioration of sperm parameters in mice. More investigation on the reproductive toxicity of GS-5734 is required.

scholarly journals Low semen quality and adverse histological changes in testes of adult male mice treated with bee venom (Apis mellifera)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-79
Author(s):  
Sassia O. Regeai ◽  
Salma A. Abusrer ◽  
Naema S. Shibani
Keyword(s):  
Male Infertility ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Bee Venom ◽  
Reproductive Status ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Histological Changes

Background: Male infertility has been on the rise since the past seven decades. Recently, in Libya, bee venom therapy (BVT) has become a popular method among alternative healthcare practitioners for treating male infertility. However, a literature search did not find any published studies that investigated the use of BVT for infertility treatment. Aim: To investigate the effect of bee venom on the male reproductive status through measurements of semen quality parameters and testicular histological changes in adult male mice. Methods: A total of 48 male mice were randomly divided into three experimental groups (which were subdivided into two subgroups with eight mice each) as follows: control, bee venom sting (BVS), and bee venom injection (BVI). The normal control subgroup mice were not subjected to any treatment, while the vehicle control subgroup mice were injected (i.p.) with 200 μl of 0.9% saline solution. In the BVS-treated subgroups, each mouse was stung by one live bee for five times (BVS-5) or seven times (BVS-7) every third day for 2 or 3 weeks. While each mouse in the BVI-treated subgroups received 23 μg/kg in a dose volume of 200 μl BVIs (i.p.) for five times (BVI-5) or seven times (BVI-7) every third day for 15 or 21 days. Results: The findings of this study showed that repeated bee venom treatment by sting or injection to adult male mice resulted in a significant decline in testosterone levels, sperm count, sperm motility, and a very significant increase in the percentage of abnormal sperm morphology; also, there were harmful testicular histological changes in the structural organization of seminiferous tubules and degenerative changes in the germinal epithelium compared to control group. Conclusion: The results of this study provide evidence for the low semen quality and adverse testicular histological changes in male mice treated with bee venom. Hence, there is a desperate need for educating alternative healthcare practitioners and infertile couples about the harmful effects of BVT on reproductive status.

scholarly journals Complementary effects of coenzyme Q10 and Lepidium sativum supplementation on the reproductive function of mice: An experimental study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Rahimi Asl ◽  
Maryam Khosravi ◽  
Ramin Hajikhani ◽  
Jalal Solati ◽  
Hossein Fahimi
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Coenzyme Q10 ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Lepidium Sativum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Weight Groups

Background: Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) and Lepidium sativum (LS) have therapeutic effects on infertility. Objective: To evaluate the combined effects of LS and CoQ10 on reproductive function in adult male NMRI mice. Materials and Methods: Eighty three-months-old male mice (35–40 gr) were divided into four groups (n = 10/each): control (treated with water), CoQ10-treated (200, 300, and 400 mg/kg/body weight), LS-treated (200, 400, 600 mg/kg/body weight), and co-treated (LS [600 mg/kg/body weight] + CoQ10 [200 mg/kg/body weight]) groups. Serum testosterone, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and gonadotropin realizing hormone (GnRH) levels were measured using ELISA method. The sperm quality was assessed using Sperm Class Analyzer® (SCA) CASA system and GnRH mRNA expression levels were evaluated by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: The number of sniffing and following behavior was significantly higher in LStreated (400 and 600 mg/ml/body weight) groups than the control group (p = 0.0007 and p = 0.0010, respectively). The number of mounting and coupling behaviors was significantly higher in the CoQ10 (300 and 400 mg/ml/body weight)-treated animals than the control group (p = 0.0170 and p = 0.0006, respectively). Co-treatment of CoQ10 (200 mg/ml/body weight) and LS (600 mg/ml/body weight) significantly increased all aspects of sexual behaviors as well as the levels of serum testosterone (p = 0.0011), luteinizing hormone (p = 0.0062), and follicle-stimulating hormone (p = 0.0001); sperm viability (p = 0.0300) and motility (p = 0.0010); and GnRH mRNA levels (p = 0.0016) compared to the control group. Conclusion: The coadministration of CoQ10 and LS significantly improves the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis and enhances the reproductive parameters in adult male mice. Key words: Lepidium sativum, Coenzyme Q10, Infertility, Male reproductive function.

Oleanolic acid causes reversible contraception in male mice by increasing the permeability of the germinal epithelium

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (10) ◽  
pp. 1589 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Fisher ◽  
Faizel Mosaval ◽  
Darla L. Tharp ◽  
Doug K. Bowles ◽  
Ralf Henkel
Keyword(s):  
Oleanolic Acid ◽  
Sertoli Cells ◽  
Electrical Resistance ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Ethanol Solution ◽  
Germinal Epithelium ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Daily Dose

The effects of oleanolic acid (OA) on the fertility of male mice were investigated using both invivo and invitro experimental models. The experimental group (n=12) was treated with a daily dose of 30mgOAkg−1 bodyweight (i.p.), while the control group (n=6) received a daily dose of 10% ethanol solution (1mLkg−1 bodyweight). The effect of OA on the permeability status of TM4 Sertoli monolayers was investigated by measuring the transepithelial electrical resistance (TER), intracellular electrical resistance and semiquantitative RT–PCR. After 45 days, OA-treated males produced no pregnancies but in the control group, all 12 females were impregnated (69 offspring). Male mice, which demonstrated sterility when exposed to OA, recovered their fertility after 30 days (78 offspring). Testicular histological observations of OA-treated mice showed detachment of adjacent Sertoli–Sertoli cells. A control monolayer developed TER of 300–400 Ω.cm2, but OA (50, 100, 200µgL−1) treated monolayers developed TER of approximately 100Ω.cm2. Intracellular electrophysiological and RT–PCR data supported the premise that OA compromised tight junctional permeability. The study demonstrated reversible contraception in male mice by increasing the permeability of the germinal epithelium and further postulates that contraceptive reversibility is brought about by the reconstitution of the paracellular junctions between adjacent Sertoli cells.

Effect of Paracetamol on Sperm Biological Parameters and Testosterone Level in Albino Male Mice

2021 ◽  
pp. 51-57
Author(s):  
Habiba Eljaafari ◽  
Zainab EL Mabrouk ◽  
Marwan Rashrash
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Testosterone Level ◽  
Sperm Morphology ◽  
Sperm Parameters ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Fertilizing Capability ◽  
Different Doses

Backgrounds and objectives. The wide use of paracetamol at high doses was found to alter sperm parameters especially sperm morphology, and thus its fertilizing capability. Therefore, the present study was designed to use different doses of paracetamol to identify its effect on sperm parameters and testosterone levels in adult male mice. Methods. Forty adult male albino mice were divided into four equal groups, the first group injected with distilled water, the three treated groups injected with different doses of paracetamol (20, 40, 80 mg/kg body weight /day) over a period of 42 days. All doses were given once daily via intraperitoneal injection. Results. The results showed that paracetamol causes a significant decrease in body weight, non-significance effect on sperm parameters at doses of 20 and 40 mg/kg, while it led to a significant effect on sperm parameters at a dose of 80 mg/kg. Also, there was no difference in testosterone level between control and the treated groups (20 and 40mg/kg). But it showed a significant decrease in testosterone level at dose 80 mg/kg treated groups. Conclusion. It is considered safe to use paracetamol at doses 20 and 40 mg/kg but the dose 80 mg/kg has adverse effects on sperm parameters and testosterone level.

scholarly journals Safety evaluation of the interchangeable use of robenacoxib in commercially-available tablets and solution for injection in cats

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark C. Heit ◽  
L. Jay Stallons ◽  
Wolfgang Seewald ◽  
Caryn M Thompson ◽  
Céline E. Toutain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Day Treatment ◽  
Oral Treatment ◽  
Subcutaneous Administration ◽  
Systemic Exposure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serious Adverse Events ◽  
Blood Concentrations ◽  
Daily Dose

Abstract Background Robenacoxib (Onsior™) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug developed for canine and feline use for the control of pain and inflammation. It is available as both tablets and solution for injection. The objective of this study was to evaluate the safety of the interchangeable use of commercially available robenacoxib formulations when administered to cats orally using 6 mg tablets and subcutaneously using a solution for injection containing 20 mg/mL. Thirty-four naïve healthy 4-month old cats were enrolled in this 37-day study and were randomized to four groups (three robenacoxib and one control). One robenacoxib group received the maximum recommended dose (MRD) rate of each formulation, while the other two received two and three times this dose rate. The cats underwent three 10-day treatment cycles comprised of seven days of once daily oral administration followed by three days of subcutaneous administration. The third cycle was followed by an additional seven days of oral treatment. The control group received oral empty gelatin capsules or subcutaneous saline injections. Assessment of safety was based on general health observations, clinical observations, physical, ophthalmic, electrocardiographic and neurological examinations, clinical pathology evaluations, food consumption, body weight, and macroscopic and microscopic examinations. Blood samples were collected for toxicokinetic evaluation. Results Blood concentrations of robenacoxib confirmed systemic exposure of all treated cats. All cats were in good health through study termination and there were no serious adverse events during the study. There were no changes in body weight, food consumption, ophthalmic, physical or neurological examinations during the study. Treatment-related abnormalities were of low occurrence at all doses and included injection site changes (transient edema with minimal or mild, subacute/chronic inflammation histologically) and prolongation of the QT interval. These findings were consistent with previously observed findings in studies with robenacoxib administered separately orally or subcutaneously in cats. Thus, there were no adverse effects that could be attributed specifically to the interchangeable use of oral and injectable robenacoxib. Conclusions This 37-day laboratory study supports the safety of interchanging robenacoxib injection at a daily dose of 2 mg/kg with robenacoxib tablets at a daily dose of 1 mg/kg, or vice versa.

scholarly journals Fate of Mimosine Administered Orally to Sheep and its Effectiveness as a Defleecing Agent

1975 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 495 ◽  
Author(s):  
PJ Reis ◽  
DA Tunks ◽  
MP Hegarty
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Dose Rate ◽  
Leucaena Leucocephala ◽  
Single Daily Dose ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Merino Sheep ◽  
Daily Dose ◽  
Isolated Compound

Mimosine was administered orally to Merino sheep once daily for periods of 1-3 days, either as the isolated compound or in the foliage of Leucaena leucocephala. A single daily dose of mimosine of 450 or 600 mg/kg body weight was effective for defleecing sheep. A daily dose rate of 300 mg/kg was effective for defleecing sheep if given on two sucessive days.

scholarly journals Effects of Oral Administration of Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) on Obesity in Male Wistar Rats (Rattus Norvegicus)

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 879-882
Author(s):  
Mulyati Sri Rahayu ◽  
Sri Wahyuni ◽  
Yuziani
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Monosodium Glutamate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Group 2

Introduction: Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is one of the most widely employed food enhancers. Although the umami compound, controversy persists regarding the effects of MSG intake on body weight. Chronic MSG intake may result in excessive body weight gain and obesity. Consumption of MSG result in organ damage, cardiovascular disease, oxidative stress, and also risk factors for obesity. This study aims to determine the effect of oral MSG on obesity in adult male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus).Methods: This true experimental study used the post-test control group design. Twenty-four adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: control (received distilled water), Group 1 (MSG 0.378 mg/gr BW), Group 2 (0.756 mg/gr BW) and Group 3 (1.512 mg/gr BW). The obesity parameter was obtained by the Lee index. Kruskal-Wallis test follows by Mann-Whitney test were used to compare the Lee index between groups.Results: Lee’s index mean for each group was 358.4%, 314.1%, 287.8%, and 320.9%, respectively. The Kruskal Wallis test showed a significant difference in the Lee index between groups (p = 0.043). A follow-up test using Mann-Whitney found a significant difference between group 2 and the control group (p = 0.043, p <0.05). The mean of Lee index of group 2 was 70.51% lower than the control group.Conclusion: This study concluded that Lee index was not increased in MSG-treated rats than in the control group after oral MSG intervention for 21 days.

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