scholarly journals Childhood Furuncular Cutaneous Myiasis Associated with Seborrheic Dermatitis: A Case Report

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (C) ◽  
pp. 300-303
Author(s):  
Nahda Yaumil ◽  
Anni Adriani ◽  
Widyawati Djamaluddin ◽  
Safruddin Amin ◽  
Sri Vitayani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Therapy ◽  
Seborrheic Dermatitis ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Common Type ◽  
Definitive Treatment ◽  
Complete Extraction ◽  
Cutaneous Myiasis ◽  
Furuncular Myiasis ◽  
Wound Myiasis ◽  
Manual Extraction

Myiasis is a parasitic infection caused by dipterous fly larvae that can affect various organs in both human and animals. Cutaneous myiasis is the most common type of myiasis and can be classified into three categories, localized furuncular myiasis, migratory myiasis, and wound myiasis. One of the risk factors for myiasis is seborrheic dermatitis. The definitive treatment for the condition requires complete extraction of larvae, in combination with oral therapy, and localized occlusion to promote hypoxia. This paper reports a case of a 12-year-old girl with furuncular cutaneous myiasis associated with seborrheic dermatitis on the occipital region that showed significant improvements after manual extraction of larvae after local anesthesia injection of 2% lidocaine on the base of the lesion, in combination with oral and topical therapies

scholarly journals Clinical, socio-demographic profile and outcome of neurocysticercosis in children: a hospital based study

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 2394
Author(s):  
Kumar Saurabh ◽  
Shilpi Ranjan ◽  
Neelam Verma
Keyword(s):  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Clonic Seizure ◽  
Common Type ◽  
Tonic Clonic Seizure ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Computed Tomography Scan ◽  
Demographic Profile ◽  
Lower Socioeconomic ◽  
Tomography Scan ◽  
Human Nervous System

Background: Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is perhaps the most common parasitic infection of human nervous system. The objective of this study was to study the spectrum of clinical, socio-demographic profile and treatment outcome of 60 paediatric neurocysticercosis cases over a mean duration of two years from September 2006-August 2008.Methods: Diagnosis was made mainly on the basis of clinical features, ring enhancing lesions on Computed Tomography scan of brain and exclusion of other causes. Patients were treated with Albendazole for 28 days, Prednisolone and anticonvulsant.Results: 10-14 years was the most affected age group with no sex predilection. Seizure was the most common initial presentation (86.66%) followed by headache and vomiting. Generalized tonic clonic seizure was the most common type of seizure. Four patients returned with relapse.Conclusions: Neurocysticercosis is a disease of lower socioeconomic group with poor sanitation and poor hand hygiene. Generalized tonic clonic seizure is the main presentation. Anticysticercal therapy has a good outcome.

scholarly journals Placental Chorioangioma Diagnosis and Management

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cem Yaşar Sanhal ◽  
Aykan Yücel
Keyword(s):  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Common Type ◽  
Definitive Treatment ◽  
Treatment Choices ◽  
Diagnosis And Management ◽  
Placental Tumors

<p>Placental chorioangioma constitutes major importance in perinatology practice, as being the most common type of placental tumors, and having the potential of devastating perinatal outcomes. In this review, we report the symptoms, diagnostic findings and recent temporary and definitive treatment choices in patients with chorioangioma.</p>

scholarly journals Wound myiasis in Western Europe: prevalence and risk factors in a changing climate scenario

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika Andreatta ◽  
Luigi Bonavina
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Climate Scenario ◽  
Cutaneous Myiasis ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Wound Myiasis

Summary Background Myiasis is an infestation of neglected open wounds by fly larvae. Global warming, related climate changes, and increased traveling in tropical countries may contribute to the worldwide diffusion of new fly species. Common risk factors for myiasis are advanced age, poor hygiene, malnourishment, social isolation, diabetes, cancer, and peripheral artery disease. The aim of this study was to review the characteristics of cases of myiasis reported in Europe. Methods A narrative review of cutaneous myiasis was performed using PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science database, and the search terms “human,” “myiasis,” “cutaneous myiasis,” “maggot,” “Europe,” “wound,” with the combination of “AND” and “OR.” In addition, hospital charts were reviewed to add personal experience to the literature review. Results Overall, 52 articles, both single case reports and case series reporting cutaneous myiasis, were found in the medical literature of the past two decades. A total of 64 patients living in Europe were identified, of whom 36% had wound myiasis. In addition to the literature review, we report the case of a male patient who presented with myiasis within a deep scalp ulcer occurring after radiotherapy for basal cell carcinoma. Conclusion Myasis is rare and possibly under-reported in Europe. The epidemiology of this infestation may be changing in the future due to climate variability, a rise in travel to tropical areas, and the migration of fly species.

scholarly journals Geriatric dermatosis; The concerns of aging skin.

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 2445-2452
Author(s):  
Furquana Niaz ◽  
Nadia Shams ◽  
Sadaf Asim ◽  
Humera Maryum ◽  
Arshad Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Zoster ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Bullous Pemphigoid ◽  
Seborrheic Dermatitis ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Prurigo Nodularis ◽  
Cutaneous Manifestations ◽  
Dermatology Clinic ◽  
Actinic Elastosis

Objectives: To study the cutaneous manifestations in elderly and their association with gender. Study Design: Cross Sectional study. Setting: Sir Syed Hospital Karachi. Period: Jan 2016 to Jan 2018. Material & Methods: Total 217 geriatric cases (>60 years; both genders) were included from outdoor dermatology clinic. The previous pregnancy, lactation, severe systemic disease and drug induced skin changes were excluded. The association of skin manifestation with gender was analyzed by Chi-square test with significant p<0.05. Results: Among 217 cases, there were 126(58%) females and 91(42%) males. Mean age was 69.3+4.99 years. Wrinkling was seen in 92%, skin laxity in 54.8%, xerosis (43%), dryness (65%), sagging (46%), pigmentation (37%), eczema (25%), sparse hair (21%), skin atrophy (19%), tinea (13%) and LSC (10%). While  herpes zoster, psoriasis, onychomycosis, tinea corporis ,asteotic eczema in 7%. Folliculitis 6%, scabies and bullous pemphigoid seen in 5%, while lichen planus, actinic elastosis, BCC, Prurigo nodularis in 3%. Cellulitis, pediculosis, Seborrheic Dermatitis and contact dermatitis were seen in 2% followed by 1% cases of warts, candidiasis, photodermatosis and SCC seen in our study. Folliculitis (6%) was the most frequent bacterial infection followed by impetigo (0.9%). Herpes zoster (6.5%) was frequent among viral infections followed by warts (0.9%) and HSV-1 (0.9%). Tinea (13.4%) was most frequent fungal infection followed by onychomycosis (7%) and candidiasis (0.9%). Scabies was most common parasitic infection (4.6%) followed by pediculosis (2.3%). Eczema seen in 24.8%. The benign dermatosis, Actinic elastosis was frequent (3.2%), stucco keratosis 4(1.8%), Keratoacanthoma (0.9%). Amongst malignancies, BCC was common (3.2%), followed by SCC (1.4%). 5% Bullous Pemphigoid cases were found. The psychocutaneous disorder included LSC (10%), prurigo nodularis (2.8%) and neurotic excoriation (0.9%). Wrinkling, sagging, dryness of skin, actinic keratosis, actinic elastosis was found to be associated with female gender, however cellulitis, squamous cell carcinoma and asteatotic eczema with male gender. Conclusion: Geriatric population is facing multiple dermatological concerns. Contributory factors being the natural aging process, exposure to UV radiation, pathogens, dryness, humidity, temperature and chemical irritants. Female geriatrics are prone to wrinkling, sagging, dryness of skin and male geriatrics to basal cell carcinoma. There is need to address the skin problems in elderly for better quality of life in geriatrics.

scholarly journals Rare cutaneous myiasis of the face due to Lund’s fly (Cordylobia rodhaini) in a British traveller returning from Uganda

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. e228070 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Wade ◽  
Farah Shahi ◽  
Damian Mawer ◽  
Nicholas Brown
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Rare Species ◽  
London School ◽  
Petroleum Jelly ◽  
Surgical Exploration ◽  
The Face ◽  
Cutaneous Myiasis ◽  
Furuncular Myiasis ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Periorbital Swelling

We present a rare cause for cutaneous furuncular myiasis in a 55-year-old British traveller returning from Uganda. Initially presenting with what appeared to be a cellulitic furuncle on her forehead, she returned to the emergency department 3 days later with extensive preseptal periorbital swelling and pain. Occlusive treatment with petroleum jelly was applied and one larva manually extracted and sent to London School of Tropical Medicine for examination. It was identified as Lund’s Fly (Cordylobia rodhaini), a rare species from the rainforests of Africa with only one other case reported in the UK since 2015. Ultrasound imaging identified another larva, necessitating surgical exploration and cleaning. The lesion subsequently healed completely and the patient remains well.

scholarly journals Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition in Liver Fluke-Induced Cholangiocarcinoma

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 791
Author(s):  
Kanlayanee Sawanyawisuth ◽  
Goro Sashida ◽  
Guojun Sheng
Keyword(s):  
Liver Fluke ◽  
Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Clonorchis Sinensis ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Common Type ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Hepatic Cancer ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
East And Southeast Asia ◽  
Liver Flukes

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is the second most common type of hepatic cancer. In east and southeast Asia, intrahepatic CCA is caused predominantly by infection of Opisthorchis viverrini and Clonorchis sinensis, two species of parasitic liver flukes. In this review, we present molecular evidence that liver fluke-associated CCAs have enhanced features of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) in bile duct epithelial cells (cholangiocytes) and that some of those features are associated with mis-regulation at the epigenetic level. We hypothesize that both direct and indirect mechanisms underlie parasitic infection-induced EMT in CCA.

scholarly journals 219. Outcomes with Low- vs. High-bioavailability Oral Antibiotics in Treatment of Uncomplicated Gram-Negative Bacteremia

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S218-S218
Author(s):  
Ashley L Cubillos ◽  
Elisabeth Chandler ◽  
Ian P Murphy ◽  
Robert Castro
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Failure ◽  
Oral Therapy ◽  
Definitive Treatment ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Beta Lactams ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Oral Agents ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Step Down ◽  
High Bioavailability

Abstract Background High-bioavailability (HIGH-BIO) oral agents (i.e. trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, fluoroquinolones) are increasingly utilized for definitive treatment of uncomplicated gram-negative (UGN) bloodstream infections (BSI). Literature supports use of HIGH-BIO agents as step-down therapy, but few studies have assessed use of low-bioavailability (LOW-BIO) agents (i.e. beta-lactams). Increased recurrence of BSI has been associated with LOW-BIO agents; suboptimal dosing of beta-lactam agents may have impacted outcomes. Trials have not assessed whether high-dose beta-lactams (HD-BL) improve clinical outcomes over low-dose beta-lactams (LD-BL) for UGN BSI. Methods This retrospective cohort study conducted between December 2016 and December 2020 included adults with UGN BSI administered oral step-down therapy for at least 1/3rd the total antibiotic duration. The primary outcome was incidence of treatment failure of HIGH-BIO compared to LOW-BIO agents within 90 days of completing oral therapy. Treatment failure was a composite of all-cause mortality, recurrent BSI, reinfection of the primary site, or transition to IV antibiotics after initiating oral therapy. Secondary outcomes were incidence of treatment failure of HIGH-BIO compared to HD-BL agents, and of HD-BL compared to LD-BL agents. Results Of 225 patients, 67 (29.8%) received a HIGH-BIO and 158 (70.2%) a LOW-BIO agent; of those in the LOW-BIO arm 126 (79.7%) received a HD-BL. The most common source of BSI was urinary (202 [89.8%]); transition to oral therapy occurred after a mean of 5 ± 2.39 days. No difference in treatment failure was observed (8 [11.9%] HIGH-BIO vs. 25 [15.8%] LOW-BIO, P = 0.45). A numerically higher number of patients in the LOW-BIO arm had recurrent BSI (4 [2.5%] LOW-BIO vs. 0 [0%] HIGH-BIO, P = 0.18). No difference in treatment failure was observed between HIGH-BIO and HD-BL agents (8 [11.9%] vs. 20 [15.9%], P = 0.46), or HD-BL and LD-BL agents (20 [15.9%] vs. 5 [15.6%], P = 0.97). Conclusion No difference in treatment failure was observed between groups; further study is needed due to failure to reach statistical power. A numerical trend towards increased recurrence of BSI was observed with LOW-BIO agents. Beta-lactams may be reasonable for step-down therapy of UGN BSI if HIGH-BIO agents are contraindicated. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

scholarly journals 1072. Streamlining to Oral β-Lactam vs. Fluoroquinolone as Definitive Therapy for Enterobacteriaceae Bacteremia

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S321-S321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Fong ◽  
Yanina Dubrovskaya ◽  
Justin Siegfried ◽  
John Papadopoulos ◽  
Vinh Pham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Therapy ◽  
Oral Treatment ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Definitive Treatment ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Definitive Therapy ◽  
Comorbidity Index ◽  
Secondary Outcomes ◽  
Infectious Diseases Consultation ◽  
High Bioavailability

Abstract Background Oral treatment strategies for Enterobacteriaceae bacteremia (EB) are controversial, with both β-lactams (BL) and fluoroquinolones (FQ) used in clinical practice. FQ may be preferred for their high bioavailability, but other oral antibiotics are needed due to concerns of resistance and adverse effects. As an effort to facilitate antibiotic stewardship, BL should be explored as an additional oral option for EB treatment. Methods This retrospective study compared clinical characteristics and outcomes in patients with EB treated with BL vs. FQ as definitive oral therapy between January 2013 and July 2017. Adult patients diagnosed with their first incidence of EB and transitioned from IV antibiotics to either study antibiotic class were included. Primary and secondary outcomes assessed recurrence, collateral damage, readmission, and all-cause mortality. Results A total of 173 patients were included (BL n = 59, FQ n = 114). Median age was 70 years, Pitt bacteremia score was 2 (range 0–7), and Charlson Comorbidity Index was 5 (0–12); all were comparable between groups. Urinary source of infection was most common (57%). The majority of oral BL courses used cefpodoxime (63%). More patients in FQ vs. BL had a prior transplant (9% vs. 0%, P = 0.05), presence of abscess (11% vs. 0%, P = 0.01), and Infectious Diseases consultation (63% vs. 34%, P = 0.0001). Onset of EB in an intensive care unit was more common in BL vs. FQ (24% vs. 10%, P = 0.01). Median duration of IV and oral therapy was 5 vs. 4 days, P = 0.22 and 11 vs. 12 days, P = 0.17 in BL and FQ, respectively. Recurrence within 90 days was 7% in BL and 4% in FQ, P = 0.49 (adjusted OR 1.44, 95% CI 0.31–6.66; P = 0.64). Multivariate analysis identified liver cirrhosis (OR 16.89, 95% CI 1.06–268.32; P = 0.05) as an independent predictor of recurrence within 90 days. All secondary outcomes were similar between BL vs. FQ: superinfection within 90 days (10% vs. 9%, P = 0.76), C. difficile infection within 90 days (3% vs. 1%, P = 0.27), 30-day readmission (15% vs. 20%, P = 0.43), all-cause 30-day mortality (0% vs. 3%, P = 0.55). Conclusion In our cohort of patients with EB, clinical outcomes were similar between those treated with oral BL compared with FQ. Oral BL may be considered for definitive treatment of EB, although further investigation in larger studies is needed. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

Sebaceous cysts with unpleasant twists: cutaneous myiasis with Dermatobia hominis

2013 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-52
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Travel History ◽  
Dermatobia Hominis ◽  
Larval Infection ◽  
Overseas Training ◽  
Cutaneous Myiasis ◽  
Furuncular Myiasis ◽  
The Uk

AbstractDermatobia hominis (human Bot fly) causes furuncular myiasis (larval infection) in Central and South America. This report describes a case in a member of the UK Armed Forces who had recently taken part in an overseas training exercise in Belize. The importance of clinical history (including travel history) is highlighted. We also describe the outcomes of conservative treatment and surgical intervention for separate lesions in the same patient.

scholarly journals Diseases caused by arthropods-moth larva in clitoris, tungiasis, cutaneous and intestinal myiasis in Russian travelers: report of eight cases and review the literature

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-46
Author(s):  
A. M Bronshteyn ◽  
N. A Malyshev ◽  
N. G Kochergin ◽  
S. N Jarov ◽  
N. E Vikhrev
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Body Tissues ◽  
Inappropriate Treatment ◽  
The World ◽  
Cutaneous Myiasis ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Efficacy Of Treatment

Diseases caused by several species of arthropods are rare diseases in Europe. Very few cases of these diseases have been reported in the literature. It is widespread in the tropics and subtropics of Africa and the Americas, and occurs with significantly less frequency in most other areas of the world. They are defined by the development of parasitic, mostly tropical maggots and sand fleas in the human body. The infestation of body tissues by the larvae of flies, sand fleas and moth caterpillars, occurs infrequently in Russian tourists who return from areas where certain species are endemic. As travel to endemic regions becomes more common, physicians are increasingly confronted with cases of diseases caused by arthropods. They may be unfamiliar with this parasitic infection; thus, misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatment regimens are not infrequent. Greater awareness about clinical symptoms and relevant exposure histories would improve the expediency and efficacy of treatment for patients with diseases caused by arthropods. Cutaneous myiasis is a worthy differential diagnosis in patients presenting with furunculoid skin lesions after traveling to endemic areas. Treatment consists in the elimination of the larvae in the infected tissue and disinfection of the wound

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