scholarly journals Diseases caused by arthropods-moth larva in clitoris, tungiasis, cutaneous and intestinal myiasis in Russian travelers: report of eight cases and review the literature

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-46
Author(s):  
A. M Bronshteyn ◽  
N. A Malyshev ◽  
N. G Kochergin ◽  
S. N Jarov ◽  
N. E Vikhrev
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Body Tissues ◽  
Inappropriate Treatment ◽  
The World ◽  
Cutaneous Myiasis ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Efficacy Of Treatment

Diseases caused by several species of arthropods are rare diseases in Europe. Very few cases of these diseases have been reported in the literature. It is widespread in the tropics and subtropics of Africa and the Americas, and occurs with significantly less frequency in most other areas of the world. They are defined by the development of parasitic, mostly tropical maggots and sand fleas in the human body. The infestation of body tissues by the larvae of flies, sand fleas and moth caterpillars, occurs infrequently in Russian tourists who return from areas where certain species are endemic. As travel to endemic regions becomes more common, physicians are increasingly confronted with cases of diseases caused by arthropods. They may be unfamiliar with this parasitic infection; thus, misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatment regimens are not infrequent. Greater awareness about clinical symptoms and relevant exposure histories would improve the expediency and efficacy of treatment for patients with diseases caused by arthropods. Cutaneous myiasis is a worthy differential diagnosis in patients presenting with furunculoid skin lesions after traveling to endemic areas. Treatment consists in the elimination of the larvae in the infected tissue and disinfection of the wound

Organization of restrictive quarantine measures to prevent especially dangerous infections

2020 ◽  
pp. 6-11
Author(s):  
Petr Ilyin
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
International Health ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Entire History ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Former Ussr ◽  
Health Regulations

Especially dangerous infections (EDIs) belong to the conditionally labelled group of infectious diseases that pose an exceptional epidemic threat. They are highly contagious, rapidly spreading and capable of affecting wide sections of the population in the shortest possible time, they are characterized by the severity of clinical symptoms and high mortality rates. At the present stage, the term "especially dangerous infections" is used only in the territory of the countries of the former USSR, all over the world this concept is defined as "infectious diseases that pose an extreme threat to public health on an international scale." Over the entire history of human development, more people have died as a result of epidemics and pandemics than in all wars combined. The list of especially dangerous infections and measures to prevent their spread were fixed in the International Health Regulations (IHR), adopted at the 22nd session of the WHO's World Health Assembly on July 26, 1969. In 1970, at the 23rd session of the WHO's Assembly, typhus and relapsing fever were excluded from the list of quarantine infections. As amended in 1981, the list included only three diseases represented by plague, cholera and anthrax. However, now annual additions of new infections endemic to different parts of the earth to this list take place. To date, the World Health Organization (WHO) has already included more than 100 diseases in the list of especially dangerous infections.

The Undiscovered Potential of Essential Oils for Treating SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (41) ◽  
pp. 5261-5277
Author(s):  
Peter J. Wilkin ◽  
Minnatallah Al-Yozbaki ◽  
Alex George ◽  
Girish K. Gupta ◽  
Cornelia M. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
World Health ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
In Silico Studies ◽  
The World

On 11th March 2020, the World Health Organisation (WHO) announced a pandemic caused by a novel beta-coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, designated COVID-19. The virus emerged in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, has spread across the world as a global pandemic. The traditional use of medicines from plants can be traced back to 60,000 years. Global interest in the development of drugs from natural products has increased greatly during the last few decades. Essential oils (EOs) have been studied through the centuries and are known to possess various pharmaceutical properties. In the present review, we have highlighted the current biology, epidemiology, various clinical aspects, different diagnostic techniques, clinical symptoms, and management of COVID-19. An overview of the antiviral action of EOs, along with their proposed mechanism of action and in silico studies conducted, is described. The reported studies of EOs' antiviral activity highlight the baseline data about the additive and/or synergistic effects among primary or secondary phytoconstituents found in individual oils, combinations or blends of oils and between EOs and antiviral drugs. It is hoped that further research will provide better insights into EOs' potential to limit viral infection and aid in providing solutions through natural, therapeutically active agents.

scholarly journals Case of Human Infestation with Dermanyssus gallinae (Poultry Red Mite) from Swallows (Hirundinidae)

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 299
Author(s):  
Georgios Sioutas ◽  
Styliani Minoudi ◽  
Katerina Tiligada ◽  
Caterina Chliva ◽  
Alexandros Triantafyllidis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Cytochrome C ◽  
Cytochrome C Oxidase ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
Dermanyssus Gallinae ◽  
Poultry Red Mite ◽  
Human Form ◽  
Bayesian Phylogenetic Analysis

Dermanyssus gallinae (the poultry red mite, PRM) is an important ectoparasite in the laying hen industry. PRM can also infest humans, causing gamasoidosis, which is manifested as skin lesions characterized by rash and itching. Recently, there has been an increase in the reported number of human infestation cases with D. gallinae, mostly associated with the proliferation of pigeons in cities where they build their nests. The human form of the disease has not been linked to swallows (Hirundinidae) before. In this report, we describe an incident of human gamasoidosis linked to a nest of swallows built on the window ledge of an apartment in the island of Kefalonia, Greece. Mites were identified as D. gallinae using morphological keys and amplifying the Cytochrome C oxidase subunit I (COI) gene by PCR. Bayesian phylogenetic analysis and median-joining network supported the identification of three PRM haplogroups and the haplotype isolated from swallows was identical to three PRM sequences isolated from hens in Portugal. The patient was treated with topical corticosteroids, while the house was sprayed with deltamethrin. After one week, the mites disappeared and clinical symptoms subsided. The current study is the first report of human gamasoidosis from PRM found in swallows’ nest.

scholarly journals Chrysin Inhibits TNFα-Induced TSLP Expression through Downregulation of EGR1 Expression in Keratinocytes

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 4350
Author(s):  
Hyunjin Yeo ◽  
Younghan Lee ◽  
Sungshin Ahn ◽  
Euitaek Jung ◽  
Yoongho Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Extracellular Signal ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein ◽  
Signaling Axis ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is an epithelial cell-derived cytokine that acts as a critical mediator in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD). Various therapeutic agents that prevent TSLP function can efficiently relieve the clinical symptoms of AD. However, the downregulation of TSLP expression by therapeutic agents remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the mode of action of chrysin in TSLP suppression in an AD-like inflammatory environment. We observed that the transcription factor early growth response (EGR1) contributed to the tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα)-induced transcription of TSLP. Chrysin attenuated TNFα-induced TSLP expression by downregulating EGR1 expression in HaCaT keratinocytes. We also showed that the oral administration of chrysin improved AD-like skin lesions in the ear and neck of BALB/c mice challenged with 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene. We also showed that chrysin suppressed the expression of EGR1 and TSLP by inhibiting the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) 1/2 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways. Collectively, the findings of this study suggest that chrysin improves AD-like skin lesions, at least in part, through the downregulation of the ERK1/2 or JNK1/2-EGR1-TSLP signaling axis in keratinocytes.

HEART INJURY IN PATIENTS WITH MULTISYSTEM INFLAMMATORY SYNDROME ASSOCIATED WITH SARS-CоV-2: A DESCRIPTION OF A SERIES OF CLINICAL CASES

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (5) ◽  
pp. 35-45
Author(s):  
K.E. Belozerov ◽  
◽  
A.D. Kupreeva ◽  
I.S. Avrusin ◽  
V.V. Masalova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Patient Treatment ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
The World ◽  
Heart Injury ◽  
Inflammatory Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Cases

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children and adolescents associated with SARS-CoV-2 (MBS-D) is a new challenge for pediatricians around the world. Scientific data is updated daily and patient treatment regimens are developed. The involvement of the heart in the inflammatory process complicates the course of the disease and further rehabilitation of patients. The article describes 12 patients with heart disease in the structure of MVS-D, who underwent laboratory tests and instrumental studies, including MRI of the heart, and also provides detailed descriptions of three clinical cases and a review of literature data.

scholarly journals Tungiasis: A Rare Parasitic Infestation in Genitals of a Native Male from Kathmandu

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-297
Author(s):  
Shreya Shrivastav ◽  
Ram Chandra Adhikari
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Central America ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
The United States ◽  
Parasitic Infestation ◽  
Tunga Penetrans ◽  
The World ◽  
Imported Cases

Tungiasis is a common parasitic infection inmany parts of the world, including South and Central America and parts of Africa. It is rare in other places, such as in India and Pakistan and imported cases have been reported in Taiwan, Italy, the United States of America, etc. Our diagnosis was made based on histopathologiocal features of the parasite, which corresponds too ther reports and description of tungiasis.1-3 It was treated by surgical excision alone. The fact that the disease has never been reported in Nepal makes it difficult to diagnose clinically, but should be considered in the future. Histopathology can aid in diagnosingthis rare condition.Keywords: Nepal; tunga penetrans; tungiasis.

Parasitic infection and chronic energy deficiency in adults

Parasitology ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 107 (S1) ◽  
pp. S159-S167 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. S. Shetty ◽  
N. Shetty
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Critical Determinant ◽  
Energy Deficiency ◽  
Chronic Energy Deficiency ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Relationship Of

Interactions between infection and nutrition have been well recognized for several years now since they contribute directly to the health of individuals and communities. Malnourished individuals are specially prone to developing infections while infections themselves can lead to profound changes in the nutritional status of the individual. Health workers in developing countries in the tropics have long recognized the mutually aggravating interactions of malnutrition and infection. The importance of this synergistic relationship between infection and nu-tritional status has been studied extensively in the case of young children. The nutritional status of a young child is a critical determinant of both c morbidity and mortality resulting from a wide range of infections: bacterial, viral, or parasitic. Chandra (1983), in his review on the relationship of nutrition, immunity and infection has categorized the wide range of infectious agents (bacterial, viral, fungal and parasitic) into those that are definitely, variably or minimally influenced by the nutritional status of the child.

scholarly journals ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ТЕРАПЕВТИЧНОЇ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ ГІПЕРІМУННОЇ СИРОВАТКИ ПРОТИ КАЛІЦИВІРУСНОЇ ІНФЕКЦІЇ КОТІВ

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (3(70)) ◽  
pp. 141-146
Author(s):  
T. Kozlenko ◽  
O. Martyniuk
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Feline Calicivirus ◽  
Complex Treatment ◽  
Simultaneous Application ◽  
Hyperimmune Serum ◽  
Continuous Growth ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Animal Populations ◽  
The World ◽  
Immunomodulatory Properties

In Ukraine, as elsewhere in the world, feline calicivirus is one of the most common infectious diseases of cats. The main reason is the continuous growth of infections in animal populations, and high recurrence interest of feline calicivirus in cats that have undergone treatment. In addition, nowadays, it is a chronic disease. Therefore, according to existing treatment regimens, there is a need to develop new, more effective, aimed at the elimination of the pathogen through the appointment of immunomodulators, antibiotics with simultaneous application of specific medicine, including hyperimmune serum against feline calicivirus.The article presents experimental data on the study of various schemes of complex treatment for feline calicivirus using Fosprenil, Tylozine and specific hyperimmune serum against feline calicivirus. Apart from antigenic reaction, medical hyperimmune serum show immunomodulatory properties. It is proved that the use of specific globulin at a dose of 2 ml per animal in the treatment of cats increases the effectiveness of therapy by 25% compared with the use of schemes that included only antibiotic and immune modulator. At the same time, it is known, that the use of globulin without antibiotics and immunomodulators does not show high therapeutic efficacy. 

scholarly journals Circoviral infections in swine

2002 ◽  
Vol 56 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
Vojin Ivetic ◽  
Bozidar Savic ◽  
Dragos Valter ◽  
Bratislav Milosevic
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Respiratory Syndrome Virus ◽  
Causal Connection ◽  
Stunted Growth ◽  
Wasting Syndrome ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Eyelid Swelling ◽  
The World ◽  
Significant Disease ◽  
Seriously Ill

Circoviral infections in swine have appeared only recently and they today attract the attention of large numbers of researchers all over the world. They represent a great mystery, an unknown in veterinary medicine, both in our country and in the world. The causes of these infections are circoviruses, called after the DNA which is shaped like a circle. A large number of authors today believe the PCV-2 causes two pathological entities in weaned piglets which are known as porcine multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) and porcine dermatitis nephropathy syndrome (PDNS). Current investigations indicate that there is a causal connection between these two syndromes. These two new diseases, which have recently spread all over the world, cause serious losses, great concern and confusion, especially when they occur simultaneously or in a sequence in the same herd, or in parallel with other pathogenes, primarily with the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and the porcine parvovirus (PPV). PMWS was first described in Canada in 1991. It most often affect pigs aged 5-12 weeks. The main clinical expression, depending on the stage of progression is diarrhea, delayed development or depressed growth, stuntedness, dyspnea ictherus, eyelid swelling, and lymphadenopathy. More rarely, there are neurological symptoms. Prominent suppression of the immune system is the main characteristic of PMWS, and a wave of secondary bacterial infection is also observed. PDNS is a new disease of economic importance, which mostly affects older swine, from 5 weeks to 5 months of age. The most prominent clinical symptoms in seriously ill piglets is extensive dermatitis, mostly on the chest, abdomen, haunches and forelegs, with the appearance of purple-red swellings of different shape and size. The swine are depressive febrile, anorectic, all of which leads to stunted growth. They are inactive. Mortality is often about 15%. PDNS is a differentially diagnostically significant disease because it can easily be mistaken for classic or African swine plague. These two syndromes still have not been recorded in our country. However, if one takes into consideration the fact that the virus is very resistant in the outer environment, that transmission is most frequently through infected swine, we can soon expect them to be detected in our country as well. This will be the case especially if investigations focus on improving and updating their diagnostics.

scholarly journals Fever and Antipyretic Supported by Traditional Chinese Medicine: A Multi-Pathway Regulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Le-Le Ma ◽  
Hui-Min Liu ◽  
Chuan-Hong Luo ◽  
Ya-Nan He ◽  
Fang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Signal Transmission ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Pharmacological Action ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Neural Pathways ◽  
The World ◽  
In Series

The coronavirus disease, 2019 (COVID-19), has spread rapidly around the world and become a major public health problem facing the world. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been fully committed to treat COVID-19 in China. It improved the clinical symptoms of patients and reduced the mortality rate. In light of the fever was identified as one of leading clinical features of COVID-19, this paper will first analyze the material basis of fever, including pyrogenic cytokines and a variety of the mediators of fever. Then the humoral and neural pathways of fever signal transmission will be described. The scattered evidences about fever recorded in recent years are connected in series. On this basis, the understanding of fever is further deepened from the aspects of pathology and physiology. Finally, combining with the chemical composition and pharmacological action of available TCM, we analyzed the mechanisms of TCMs to play the antipyretic effect through multiple ways. So as to further provide the basis for the research of antipyretic compound preparations of TCMs and explore the potential medicines for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19.

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