scholarly journals Respiratory Symptoms of Exposure to Substances in the Workplace among Bulgarian Dental Students: a Self-report Questionnaire Survey

Folia Medica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-146
Author(s):  
Iliyana Stoeva ◽  
Maria Dencheva ◽  
Kristina Mircheva ◽  
Atanas Chonin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Training ◽  
National Level ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Questionnaire Response ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Medical University

Background: Dental students are at high risk of developing adverse respiratory reactions as a result of their practical work during their dentistry degree program when they come into contact with multiple airborne irritants and allergens.    Aim: To estimate the prevalence of respiratory symptoms of exposure to substances in the workplace and associated risk factors in Bulgarian dental students. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study of dental students at the Plovdiv Medical University and Sofia Medical University was performed by using a self-report questionnaire. A total of 467 dental students completed the questionnaire (response rate 51.8%).   Results: The prevalence of self-reported respiratory symptoms related to the pre-clinical and clinical training courses of the dentistry program was 12.4%. According to logistic regression analysis, the most important risk factors for work-related respiratory symptoms were a personal history of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (odds ratio (OR) 6.34, 95% confidence interval (CI): 3.14-12.78), atopic dermatitis (OR 2.81, 95%CI: 1.26-6.26), and exposure to chemicals from dental environment for more than 6 hours a day (OR 3.60, 95%CI: 1.21-10.70).   Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that work-related respiratory symptoms are frequent among dental students and indicate the need for efforts to establish effective primary preventive programs for occupational respiratory disorders at national level.

scholarly journals Dental education changed by COVID-19: Student’s perceptions and attitudes

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsin-Chung Cheng ◽  
Sao-Lun Lu ◽  
Yu-Chun Yen ◽  
Pallop Siewchaisakul ◽  
Amy Ming-Fang Yen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Online Learning ◽  
Online Courses ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
School Of Dentistry ◽  
Dental Professional ◽  
Medical University

Abstract Background Dental students have encountered changes in the teaching format amid the SARS CoV-2 pandemic. This study aims to evaluate the attitudes of dental students of one medical university toward online courses and compare them with those of non-dental students amid the SARS CoV-2 pandemic. Methods A cross-sectional survey with a self-report online questionnaire was conducted at the medical university in May 2020 in Taipei. Students from the School of Dentistry, School of Dental Technology, and School of Oral Hygiene Study were enrolled in our survey. Results In total, 473 students responded to the survey, 318 (67.2%) of whom were dental students. Overall, 366 (77%) students agreed with the change to online learning. Only 10.4% of students thought that dental professional courses with a laboratory format could be changed to online courses. Dental students were significantly more worried than non-dental students about being infected with COVID-19 and about the COVID-19 pandemic continuing. Conclusions In conclusion, changing to online learning seems to be perceived as feasible by students. However, more discussion about changing dental professional courses with a laboratory format to online courses considering the attitudes from students is needed.

Trauma-Related Shame, Sexual Assault Severity, Thwarted Belongingness, and Perceived Burdensomeness Among Female Undergraduate Survivors of Sexual Assault

Crisis ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher R. DeCou ◽  
Stephanie P. Kaplan ◽  
Julie Spencer ◽  
Shannon M. Lynch
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Psychosocial Risk ◽  
Thwarted Belongingness ◽  
Female Undergraduate ◽  
Perceived Burdensomeness ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
And Behavior

Abstract. Background and Aim: This study evaluated trauma-related shame as a mediator of the association between sexual assault severity and perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness. Method: A total of 164 female undergraduates who reported attempted or completed sexual assault completed self-report measures of sexual assault, trauma-related shame, perceived burdensomeness, and thwarted belongingness. Results: Using path analysis, trauma-related shame mediated the association between sexual assault severity and perceived burdensomeness, and between sexual assault severity and thwarted belongingness. Limitations: The findings of this study are limited by the retrospective, self-report, and cross-sectional nature of these data, and do not allow for causal inference. Conclusion: Trauma-related shame warrants additional investigation as a mechanism that explains the association between sexual assault and psychosocial risk factors for suicidal ideation and behavior.

scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors of self-reported wrist and hand symptoms and clinically confirmed carpal tunnel syndrome among office workers in China: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Beibei Feng ◽  
Kedi Chen ◽  
Xiaoxia Zhu ◽  
Wing-Yuk Ip ◽  
Lars L. Andersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ◽  
Carpal Tunnel ◽  
Computer Use ◽  
Office Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Tunnel Syndrome ◽  
Hand Symptoms

Abstract Background Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a common cause of pain, numbness and tingling in the wrist and hand region and is associated with repetitive wrist and hand use in office workers. However, scarce knowledge exists about the epidemiology of clinically confirmed CTS among Chinese office workers. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of wrist/hand symptoms and CTS in office workers in China and to identify associated risk factors. Methods A cross-sectional survey was carried out in a metropolitan city in China involving 969 respondents (aged 17–49 years) from 30 workplaces. A questionnaire was distributed to each participant to collect their demographic, work-related physical and psychosocial factors, and wrist and hand symptoms. The wrist and hand pain/numbness symptoms were marked on a body chart and the nature and intensity of symptoms, nocturnal symptoms, as well as aggravating activities were also recorded. Clinically confirmed CTS cases were screened based on the history, Phalen’s test, Tinel Sign and skin sensation testing among symptomatic respondents. Logistic regression was employed to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for the occurrence of self-reported wrist and hand symptoms and clinically confirmed CTS. Results The clinically confirmed CTS prevalence was 9.6%. The prevalence of wrist and hand symptoms were 22 and 15%, respectively. Frequently working in pain was associated with higher odds of CTS. Multivariate modelling adjusted for age and gender showed that prolonged computer use time and working without breaks were associated with presence of wrist/hand symptoms (adjusted ORs: 1.11 (95% CI 1.02–1.22) and 1.88 (95% CI 1.12–3.14)). Educational level was inversely associated with CTS and smoking was associated with wrist/hand complaints (adjusted OR: 2.20 (95% CI 1.19–4.07)). Conclusions The prevalence of work-related clinically confirmed CTS symptoms among young office workers in China is high. Frequently working in pain is closely associated with clinically confirmed CTS. Intense computer use and no breaks at work are associated with wrist and hand symptoms.

scholarly journals Hierarchical disentanglement of contextual from compositional risk factors of diarrhoea among under-five children in low- and middle-income countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adeniyi Francis Fagbamigbe ◽  
A. Olalekan Uthman ◽  
Latifat Ibisomi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
National Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Contextual Risk ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Low And Middle Income

AbstractSeveral studies have documented the burden and risk factors associated with diarrhoea in low and middle-income countries (LMIC). To the best of our knowledge, the contextual and compositional factors associated with diarrhoea across LMIC were poorly operationalized, explored and understood in these studies. We investigated multilevel risk factors associated with diarrhoea among under-five children in LMIC. We analysed diarrhoea-related information of 796,150 under-five children (Level 1) nested within 63,378 neighbourhoods (Level 2) from 57 LMIC (Level 3) using the latest data from cross-sectional and nationally representative Demographic Health Survey conducted between 2010 and 2018. We used multivariable hierarchical Bayesian logistic regression models for data analysis. The overall prevalence of diarrhoea was 14.4% (95% confidence interval 14.2–14.7) ranging from 3.8% in Armenia to 31.4% in Yemen. The odds of diarrhoea was highest among male children, infants, having small birth weights, households in poorer wealth quintiles, children whose mothers had only primary education, and children who had no access to media. Children from neighbourhoods with high illiteracy [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.07, 95% credible interval (CrI) 1.04–1.10] rates were more likely to have diarrhoea. At the country-level, the odds of diarrhoea nearly doubled (aOR = 1.88, 95% CrI 1.23–2.83) and tripled (aOR = 2.66, 95% CrI 1.65–3.89) among children from countries with middle and lowest human development index respectively. Diarrhoea remains a major health challenge among under-five children in most LMIC. We identified diverse individual-level, community-level and national-level factors associated with the development of diarrhoea among under-five children in these countries and disentangled the associated contextual risk factors from the compositional risk factors. Our findings underscore the need to revitalize existing policies on child and maternal health and implement interventions to prevent diarrhoea at the individual-, community- and societal-levels. The current study showed how the drive to the attainment of SDGs 1, 2, 4, 6 and 10 will enhance the attainment of SDG 3.

Factors Distinguishing Reciprocal Versus Nonreciprocal Intimate Partner Violence Across Time and Reporter

2021 ◽  
pp. 088626052110014
Author(s):  
Doris F. Pu ◽  
Christina M. Rodriguez ◽  
Marina D. Dimperio
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Transition To Parenthood ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Couple Functioning ◽  
Female Perpetrators ◽  
Over Time

Although intimate partner violence (IPV) is often conceptualized as occurring unilaterally, reciprocal or bidirectional violence is actually the most prevalent form of IPV. The current study assessed physical IPV experiences in couples and evaluated risk and protective factors that may be differentially associated with reciprocal and nonreciprocal IPV concurrently and over time. As part of a multi-wave longitudinal study, women and men reported on the frequency of their IPV perpetration and victimization three times across the transition to parenthood. Participants also reported on risk factors related to personal adjustment, psychosocial resources, attitudes toward gender role egalitarianism, and sociodemographic characteristics at each wave. Participants were classified into one of four IPV groups (reciprocal violence, male perpetrators only, female perpetrators only, and no violence) based on their self-report and based on a combined report, which incorporated both partners’ reports of IPV for a maximum estimate of violence. Women and men were analyzed separately, as both can be perpetrators and/or victims of IPV. Cross-sectional analyses using self-reported IPV data indicated that IPV groups were most consistently distinguished by their levels of couple satisfaction, across gender; psychological distress also appeared to differentiate IPV groups, although somewhat less consistently. When combined reports of IPV were used, sociodemographic risk markers (i.e., age, income, and education) in addition to couple functioning were among the most robust factors differentiating IPV groups concurrently, across gender. In longitudinal analyses, sociodemographic vulnerabilities were again among the most consistent factors differentiating subsequent IPV groups over time. Several gender differences were also found, suggesting that different risk factors (e.g., women’s social support and men’s emotion regulation abilities) may need to be targeted in interventions to identify, prevent, and treat IPV among women and men.

Prevalence and Risk Factors of work Related Musculo Skeletal Disorders (wrmsd’s) Among Doctors - A Cross Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Biju Azariah ◽  
◽  
Geethu Babu ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Work Related

Work related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) have not only shown to impact the physical and pschycological comfort of the employee but also deteriorate the prospects of any production or service sector. The prevalence of WRMSDs, though studied extensively in various sectors, has been understudied in health sector, especially among doctors. This study which evaluated the prevalence and risk factors of these disorders among fifty cancer treating Radiation Oncologist at a Tertiary Care Cancer Centre in India had exposed out an alarming 68% prevalence of these disorders in the study population, with neck pain being the commonest site of these Muscloskeletal Disorders (MSDs). Several factors which could impact the development of MSDs were analysed. This higher incidence of MSDs is presumed to be because of extreme physical and mental stress of working in a high volume cancer care centre, persistent unhealthy postures during work, inadequate micropauses between works and uncomfortable working atmosphere. Adequate physician patient ratio, restricting the patient load, providing good physician friendly working environment and adequate mandatory breaks might significantly reduce the incidence of these disorders and can prevent the sagging of health care delivery.

scholarly journals Awareness About Oral Cancer Among Dental Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL3) ◽  
pp. 892-895
Author(s):  
Nishanthi R ◽  
Ashok Velayudhan ◽  
Dhanraj Ganapathy
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Cancer Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

Oral cancer affects people in the 6th and seventh many years of existence with a background marked by smoking tobacco and, or liquor utilization. Early acknowledgement and referral are basic as less treatment is required to decrease mortality and morbidity. Past examinations have demonstrated that oral cancer can be quiet in symptoms with attention to primal signs being increasingly advantageous in diagnosis. To assessing oral cancer knowledge and awareness among undergraduate dental studentsA cross-sectional survey was done with a self-administered questionnaire with 10 questions circulated among 100 dental students. The questionnaire assessed the awareness about oral cancer, their risk factors, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and management strategies. The responses were recorded and analysed. 96 % of dental students were aware of oral cancer.95% said smoking and tobacco-related products are the major risk factors of oral cancer.85% were aware of clinical manifestation of oral cancer.71% were aware of the diagnosis of oral cancer and 65% were aware of management strategies for oral cancer.Greater part of the responders in this investigation had satisfactory information about clinical indications of oral cancer. Efforts ought to be made to develop inspirational disposition towards avoidance of oral cancer. There is a necessity to present instructions on counteraction, early referral and demonstrative techniques for oral cancer.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders: Psychological and Physical Risk Factors

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (17) ◽  
pp. 9361
Author(s):  
K. Saraswathi Krishnan ◽  
Gunasunderi Raju ◽  
Omar Shawkataly
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Musculoskeletal Symptoms ◽  
Body Region ◽  
Left Shoulder ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Lower Back

Purpose—This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and risk factors of MSD pain in various anatomical regions among nurses. Method—A cross-sectional study involving a self-administered questionnaire by registered nurses with clinical experience. Data was collected using convenience sampling after obtaining informed consent. The results were drawn from a total of 300 nurses. Results—The nurses presented with occasional mental exhaustion (44.3%) and often physical exhaustion (44.0%). Almost all (97.3%) the nurses complained of having work-related pain during the last 12 months. Body parts with the most pain were the lower back (86.7%), ankles (86.7%), neck (86.0%), shoulders (85.0%), lower legs (84.7%) and upper back (84.3%). The pain frequency was rated as occasional pain for the neck and upper back, pain was often felt for the rest of the parts. Nurses complained of severe pain in the lower back (19.7%), right shoulder (29.7%) and left shoulder (30.3%). The frequency of having musculoskeletal symptoms in any body region was increased with age, lower education level, female gender, high BMI, job tenure and lifestyle. Conclusions—Nurses’ WRMSD complaints should be taken seriously to curb further risk and musculoskeletal hazards.

scholarly journals Persistence of respiratory symptoms among COVID-19 survivors

2021 ◽  
pp. 19-21
Author(s):  
Mohammed Mirazur Rahman ◽  
AKM Mosharraf Hossain ◽  
Mohammed Atiqur Rahman ◽  
Shamim Ahmed ◽  
Rajashish Chakrabortty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Respiratory Medicine ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Persistent Symptoms ◽  
Medical University

This cross-sectional observational study was conducted among COVID-19 patients at Department of Respiratory Medicine, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University from July 2020 to December 2020. During follow-up around three months (90.62±2.21days) after the onset of the first COVID-19 symptoms, 500 patients were taken as the study sample. Our study aimed to assess the persistent symptoms in patients who were discharged from the hospital after recovery from COVID-19. This study has shown that persistent respiratory symptoms were common after COVID-19 and the majority of patients were symptom-free three months after COVID-19 onset. BSMMU J 2021; 14 (COVID -19 Supplement): 19-21

scholarly journals A Nationwide Survey on the Effectiveness of Training on Endoscope Reprocessing Within the National Cancer Screening Program 

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hye Young Shin ◽  
Da Hun Jang ◽  
Jae Kwan Jun
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
National Level ◽  
Nationwide Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Questionnaire Response ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Improvement Project ◽  
Cancer Screening Program ◽  
Effectiveness Of Training

Abstract Background: Training on endoscope reprocessing has been annually implemented for health practitioners working in endoscopy units of hospitals performing national gastric or colorectal cancer screening across the country, as part of the endoscopy quality improvement project. This study aimed to identify the effectiveness of endoscope reprocessing training. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, education on endoscope reprocessing was implemented 18 times across the country, from June 2019 to November 2019. A total of 1,186 participants were included and 1,132 of them answered the survey questionnaire (response rate, 95.4%). Results: Of the study participants, 45.8% had previous experience in training on endoscope reprocessing, and 87.6% of them have adhered to the endoscope reprocessing guidelines. Experience of participation in endoscope reprocessing training was significantly associated with practical adherence to endoscope reprocessing guidelines (aOR, 6.55; 95% CI, 3.93 to 10.91). The satisfaction with and need for endoscope reprocessing training were 92.7% and 95.7%, respectively. The level of knowledge and intention to adhere to endoscope reprocessing guidelines were both high (4.65 [1-5]). Conclusions: Training on endoscope reprocessing currently provided at the national level could be effective for obtaining quality control for endoscopy. However, completion of the training by actual practitioners in charge of endoscope reprocessing within the national cancer screening system remains low; thus, strategies for more aggressive training participation for them should be developed at a national level.

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