scholarly journals Selank and semax as potential hepatoprotectors in medical treatment of tuberculosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
Alexey K. Petrovsky ◽  
Nikolay A. Smirnov ◽  
Vladimir P. Vdovichenko ◽  
Tatiana B. Fedorova ◽  
Edgar E. Kerbenev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Male ◽  
Regulatory Peptides ◽  
Liver Lesion ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Tuberculous Infection ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Increased Activity ◽  
Experimental Group

Introduction: Drug-induced hepatitis is common in clinical practice. This problem is particularly relevant in the treatment of tuberculous infection, because for this purpose, up to 5–6 hepatotoxic drugs are used simultaneously for a long time, which often (in 15–20% of cases) leads to medical liver lesion. To protect the liver, Semax and Selank are offered – drugs of regulatory peptides group. Materials and Methods: The research was conducted on 96 outbred white male rats weighing 180–220 g. The experimental group included about 10 animals. Drug-induced hepatitis was simulated through the combined 21-day administration of isoniazid, rifampicin and ethanol. Semax and Selank, as well as Essentiale N and Mexidol (comparison drugs) were administered once a day during the experiment. Healthy control animals with experimental hepatitis were used for comparison. Subsequently, the obtained biochemical and histomorphological parameters were evaluated. Results and Discussion: In the experiment, Semax and Selank showed a greater therapeutic activity than the recognized hepatoprotectors – Essentiale and Mexidol. Only in the case of administering Selank and Semax, there was parallelism between the restoration of biochemical parameters of blood and histomorphological parameters of the liver. Selank was also characterized by an increased activity of regenerative processes. Conclusion: Administering Selank and Semax to patients with tuberculosis would significantly reduce the number and severity of hepatotoxic reactions.

scholarly journals Treatment of hepatitis induced by anti-tuberculosis drugs (experimental research)

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
Vladimir N. Fedorov ◽  
Nikolai A. Smirnov ◽  
Vladimir P. Vdovichenko ◽  
Tatyana B. Fedorova ◽  
Edgar E. Kerbenev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chorionic Gonadotropin ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
White Male ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Regenerative Processes ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Comparison Groups ◽  
Healthy Control

Introduction: Tuberculosis is a widely spread infection. While treating patients for it, they are given simultaneously and for a long period 5-6 antibacterial drugs, which are, as a rule, bad for the liver. It quite often (up to 20%) causes drug-induced hepatitis. As experimental means of protecting the liver, the following peptides are suggested: chorionic gonadotropin, a recombinant drug of luteinizing hormone – luveris, and oligopeptide drugs: semax and selank. Materials and Methods: The research was conducted on 104 outbred white male rats weighing 170-220 g. Each group included at least 10 animals. Drug-induced hepatitis was simulated through the combined 21-day administration of isoniazid, rifamycin, and ethanol. Chorionic gonadotropin, luveris, semax and selank, as well as a comparison drug mexidol, were administered once a day during the experiment. Healthy control animals and rats with drug-induced hepatitis were used as comparison groups. For evaluation of the efficiency of administered drugs, the obtained biochemical and histomorphological research data was used. Results and Discussion: During the experiment, chorionic gonadotropin (ChG), semax and selank showed a greater therapeutic activity than mexidol and luveris. Only in the case of administering ChG, selank and semax, there was parallelism between the restoration of biochemical parameters of blood and histomorphological parameters of the liver. Administering both selank and ChG was also characterized by more active regenerative processes. Conclusion: Administering ChG, selank and semax to patients with tuberculosis would significantly reduce the number and severity of hepatotoxic reactions.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF ALIMENTARY INSUFFICIENCY OF CALCIUM, MAGNESIUM AND IODINE ON RAT VITAMIN STATUS

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-59
Author(s):  
O.A. Vrzhesinskaya ◽  
◽  
V.M. Kodentsova ◽  
N.A. Beketova ◽  
O.V. Kosheleva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Vitamin B1 ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Vitamin Status ◽  
Iron And Zinc ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Increased Activity ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
In Blood Plasma

The diet of the majority of the population of Russia is characterized by an insufficient content of a number of micronutrients, including macro- and micronutrients. The aim of the study is to characterize in a rat model experiment the effect of combined nutritional deficiency of calcium, magnesium and iodine on the availability of other mineral substances, vitamin metabolism and biochemical parameters blood plasma. The lack of minerals in growing Wistar male rats with an initial body weight (51.4 ± 0.5) g was created for 23 days by halving of a calcium, magnesium and iodine in the salt mixture. Alimentary deficiency of calcium, magnesium and iodine in growing rats significantly and multidirectionally affected the metabolism of other minerals and vitamins, as well as a number of diagnostically significant indicators of blood and urine. In rats of the experimental group, the liver concentration of α-tocopherol, vitamin B1 and retinol palmitate decreased, the concentration of iron and zinc increased, the copper content in the whole brain decreased significantly. The molar ratio of γ- and α-tocopherols in blood plasma was increased, the concentration of the circulating form of vitamin D decreased. The ratio of AlAT / AsAT (de Ritis coefficient) markedly decreased due to increased activity of AlAT. Phosphate reabsorption decreased slightly. Increased urinary excretion of riboflavin was accompanied by a decrease in its concentration in blood plasma. The conclusion that insufficient intake of calcium, magnesium and iodine may disturb vitamin-mineral status of organism has been made.

scholarly journals Changes in the sizes of the kidney after contralateral nephrectomy in the experiment

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 52-57
Author(s):  
V.M. Monastyrskyi
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Period ◽  
Left Kidney ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
White Male ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Sexually Mature ◽  
Experimental Group

The evaluation of renal measurements such as length, width and thickness, volume is important in the diagnosis and treatment of many renal disorders, since there is a close relationship between the sizes of the kidneys and its function. The purpose of the study was to establish and compare during the postoperative period changes in the mass and sizes of the kidney left after nephrectomy in the sexually mature male rats. An experimental study was carried out on 84 sexually mature white male rats weighing 178-194 grams. Animals were divided into two groups: control (42 rats) and experimental (42 rats). In the control group, the animals under ketamine anesthesia were followed by an abdominal cavity dilution, after which the abdominal wall was applied in a row. All animals of the experimental group performed surgical intervention – nephrectomy of the left kidney. The animals were withdrawn from the trial by intra-pleural administration of thiopental-sodium 50 mg/kg after 7, 14, 21, 30, 90 days after nephrectomy. Macroscopic evaluation and description of the kidneys of animals was performed after their removal. Their weight was determined on the laboratory scale of HLR-200 up to 0.1 mg, and the length, width and thickness of the organ were measured with the help of a caliper to an accuracy of 0.05 mm. Calculated the volume of the kidney. The statistical analysis of the obtained results was carried out using the program STATISTICA 5.5 using parametric methods for evaluating the results. It was established that the mass, length, width, thickness and volume of the kidney of animals in the experimental group, as compared with the control group, were statistically significantly higher in all terms of observation. The fraction of the growth of the width and thickness of the single kidney of animals in the experimental group compared with the control animals in the animals was statistically significantly greater than the proportion of kidney growth during the postoperative period. It was found that the largest increase in the mass and thickness of the kidney, as compared with the control group, was observed after 30 days of the postoperative period, and the greatest increase in the length and width of the kidney, as compared with the control group, was observed after 14 days of the postoperative period.

scholarly journals INTRAHEPATIC INDUCTION OF ENDOGENOUS S-ADENOSYL-L-METHIONINE AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF VARIOUS WAYS OF ADMINISTRATION OF METHIONINE-SUCCINATE COMPLEX AND ITS ROLE IN DRUG-INDUCED LIVER LESION CORRECTION

2012 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 86-90
Author(s):  
D. S. Sukhanov ◽  
A. Yu. Petrov ◽  
A. L. Kovalenko ◽  
M. G. Romantsov
Keyword(s):  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Succinic Acid ◽  
Therapeutic Effect ◽  
Liver Lesion ◽  
Hepatoprotective Effect ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Positive Therapeutic Effect ◽  
Positive Effect

A comparative study of the level of endogenous S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) with other hepatoprotectors in pharmacological correction of liver drug lesion. Among 117 male rats. It has been shown that among antituberculous drugs only Remaxol and Runihol were causing significant increase in endogenic SAM. Taking into account the amelioration of lab results as well as histological condition of the liver against the background of Remaxol treatment as well as positive effect of Runihol treatment upon cholestasis, one can draw a conclusion  upon the importance of succinic acid together with SAM induction as a part of hepatoprotective effect of the drug.  Reamberin, which contains succinic acid without methionine also shows hepatoprotective qualities and doesn’t induce endogenous SAM production. Positive therapeutic effect of exogenous SAM regardless the way of administration doesn’t correlate with endogenous SAM induction, and is associated with the external hepatocyte cell membrane restoration.     

Metformin Contributed with Lactic Acidosis in The White Male Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (04) ◽  
pp. 708-712
Author(s):  
Afyaa Sabah Nasir
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acidosis ◽  
White Male ◽  
Clinical Problem ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Final Weight ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Significant Change ◽  
Harmful Effects

Metformin treatment associated with development lactic acidosis (MALA) is a clinical problem. Recently, not found any drug to decrease or prevent MALA. The present study is designed to evaluate the advantage and disadvantages of metformin drugs in white male rats. A sample of 30 white male rats were randomly divided into three groups each group contain ten rats.: Group one administrated distal water to kept as control group for two months, Group two administrated metformin at dose 250 mg/kg for two months, and Group three administrated metformin at dose 500 mg/kg for two months. After the end of the experiment, two months, the rats were sacrificed to obtain the blood and tissues for analysis. The results show no significant change (p andgt; 0.05) in the final weight of rats and the weight of the kidney and liver relative to the bodyweight as well as, the results show no significant change (p andGLT; 0.05) in the levels of urea and creatinine in the serum of rats treated with metformin drug. Also, the results appear no significant change (p andgt; 0.05) in the liver enzymes include aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyltransferase and total bilirubin in the metformin-treated groups relative to controls. In conclusion, the present study recorded not found harmful effects in the liver and kidney after taking metformin against diabetes except lactic acidosis state after using a drug for a long time.

REGULATION OF HEMOSTASIS FUNCTIONS BY GLYPROLIN PEPTIDES AT METABOLIC SYNDROME IN RATS

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Л. Ляпина ◽  
Т. Шубина ◽  
М. Григорьева ◽  
Т. Оберган
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Fibrinolytic Activity ◽  
White Male ◽  
Regulatory Peptides ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Prolonged Action ◽  
Anticoagulant System ◽  
High Caloric Diet

Цель исследования: изучение влияния регуляторных пептидов глипролинового ряда на состояние системы гемостаза в условиях in vivo на модели крыс с экспериментальным метаболическим синдромом (МС). Материалы и методы. Эксперимент проводили на 60 беспородных белых крысах-самцах с массой тела 200±10 г в возрасте 2 месяца к началу опыта (к началу кормления высококалорийным рационом — ВКР). Развитие экспериментального МС у животных вызывали содержанием их на ВКР с избыточным содержанием углеводов и насыщенных жиров. Исследовали влияние интраназального многократного (7 раз) введения в малых дозах (50 мкг/кг) регуляторных пептидов Pro-Leu-Pro, Pro-Leu-Pro-Ala, Pro-Gly-Pro-Ala и Phe-Pro-Leu-Pro-Ala животным с МС на систему свертывания крови и фибринолиз. Результаты. Через 20 часов после последнего введения пептидов наблюдалось усиление антикоагулянтной и суммарной фибринолитической активности плазмы, обусловленной как повышением неферментативного, так и ферментативного фибринолиза плазмы, а также снижение агрегации тромбоцитов. Все исследованные пептиды обладали пролонгированным действием и способностью активировать функцию противосвертывающей системы. Заключение. Максимальный противосвертывающий эффект проявляли два пептида — Pro-Leu-Pro-Ala и Phe-Pro-Leu-Pro-Ala, причем в период после отмены их применения достоверность и значимость их эффектов возрастали. Aim: to study the eff ect of glyproline regulatory peptides on hemostasis in vivo in the model of experimental metabolic syndrome (MS) in rats. Materials and methods. The experiment was carried at 60 outbred white male rats with a body weight of 200±10 g and 2 months age at the beginning of the experiment (at the beginning of feeding with a high caloric diet — HCD). The development of experimental MC in animals was caused by HCD with an excess of carbohydrates and saturated fats. We examined the effects of intranasal repeated (7 times) administration of regulatory peptides Pro-Leu-Pro, Pro-Leu-Pro-Ala, Pro-Gly-Pro-Ala and Phe-Pro-Leu-Pro-Ala in low doses (50 μg/kg) on blood coagulation and fibrinolysis in animals with MC. Results. We revealed the enhancement of anticoagulant blood activity and total fibrinolytic activity caused by increasing of non-enzymatic and enzymatic fibrinolysis, and decreasing of platelet aggregation 20 hours after the last peptides administration. All studied peptides had prolonged action and the ability to activate anticoagulant system. Conclusion. Peptides Pro-Leu-Pro-Ala and Phe-Pro-Leu-Pro-Ala showed the maximum anticoagulant effect, and after stopping of their application the reliability and signifi cance of their effects increased.

scholarly journals Organometric parameters of the remaining kidney after removal of the contralateral in immature rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
V.M. Monastyrskyi
Keyword(s):  
Left Kidney ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
White Male ◽  
Compensatory Hypertrophy ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Immature Rats ◽  
Ketamine Anesthesia ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Experimental Group

The processes of compensatory hypertrophy of the kidney to the period of puberty are insufficiently studied. Changes in renal parameters after contralateral removal are of scientific interest. The purpose of the study was to establish and compare changes in organometric parameters of the kidney that remained after nephrectomy in non-sexually adult male rats and in sexually mature male rats. Experimental study was performed on 84 non-adult white male rats weighing 53-71 grams, which were kept on a standard vivarium diet. All animals were divided into two groups (42 in each): the first - control, the second - the experimental group. In the control group, the abdominal cavity was opened under ketamine anesthesia, after wich the abdominal wall was sutured in layers. All animals of the experimental group performed surgical intervention - nephrectomy of the left kidney. Animals were withdrawn from the trial by intra-pleural administration of thiopental-sodium 50 mg/kg after 7, 14, 21, 30, 90 days after nephrectomy. Macroscopic evaluation and description of the kidneys of animals was performed after their removal. The statistical analysis of the obtained results was carried out using the “STATISTICA 5.5” program, using parametric and non-parametric methods for evaluating the obtained results. It was found that in the immature rats, the weight of animals in the experimental group (after nephrectomy) was statistically significantly lower in all terms of the observation compared to the control group, and the weight of the kidney of animals in the experimental group, on the contrary, was statistically significantly higher in all terms of observation. The length, width, thickness, volume of kidneys of animals of the experimental group, as well as the magnitude of increment of these parameters with each term of observation are determined. The greatest increase in organometric parameters of the kidney was observed after 30 days of the postoperative period (p<0.05). Subsequently, on the 60th and 90th day, the magnitude of the increase in organometric parameters of the kidney significantly decreased. The index of hypertrophy of the kidney remained unpaired by nephrectomy, which varied from 52.24% to 63.21%. The highest rates of hypertrophy were observed between the 21st and 30th days.

scholarly journals Morphological Assessment Of Wounds Healing In The Region Of Anal Canal In Rats On The Background Of Medicamental Hypocoagulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (09) ◽  
pp. 5-15
Author(s):  
R.Yu. Ruzibayev ◽  
◽  
P.Yu. Ruzmatov ◽  
D.A. Umarov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Anal Sphincter ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
White Male ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Hemostatic Agent ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Inflammatory Reactions ◽  
Experimental Group

Purpose of the study: to conduct a morphological study of experimental material to assess the features of wound healing in the anal sphincter area when using the domestic drug “Heprocel” as a hemostatic agent. Material and methods. The study was carried out in the Department of experimental surgery and the department of pathological anatomy of the Republican Specialized Scientific and Practical Medical Center for Surgery named after Academician V. Vakhidov. The state of experimental models of wounds with the application of a hemostatic agent in the form of a gel was studied. The experiments were carried out on 72 white male rats weighing 210-250 g. Two series of 36 animals each were produced. All animals were divided into groups: norm - experiment in the absence of drug hypocoagulation; control - an experiment with intravenous heparin to achieve drug hypocoagulation; experience - an experiment with intravenous administration of heparin to achieve drug hypocoagulation using an application on a model of a skin wound and a dissected anal sphincter of the hemostatic agent "Heprocel". Results. Morphological differences in the process of wound healing were most pronounced after 3 days of the study. In the control group of animals with hemostasis using an electrocoagulator, necrotic and exudative processes of inflammation in the stratified squamous epithelium and mucous membrane of the glands in the anal region were evident. In the experimental group, on the 3-5th day of the experiment, the proliferative process of inflammation predominated morphologically. A special feature is that the hemostatic gel is absorbed into the wound, forming a thin uniform layer. On the 10th day of the experiment, the above difference became more obvious. In the control group, chaotic squamous epithelial cells and fibroblasts were formed. The fibrin-necrotic layer is preserved. Focal infiltration of macrophages-lymphocytes was observed. In the experimental group, the intestinal layers began to change. In the area of the surgical incision, the hemostatic layer is preserved; in this area, the growth of thin fibrous connective tissue is observed. Differentiation and transformation of cells led to the regeneration of the epithelial layer and parakeratosis of the flat cell. Signs of complete remodeling were evident over a long period of time, such as 14 days. Conclusion. The use of a hemostatic agent in the form of a gel provides not only an increase in the processes of local hemostasis, but a decrease in the activity of inflammatory reactions and infection, as well as the risk of developing post-traumatic cicatricial deformity of the anus.

scholarly journals Options of modeling diet-induced and combined metabolic syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 346-354
Author(s):  
Anna V. Abramtsova ◽  
Natalia V. Efimenko ◽  
Valentina F. Reps ◽  
Agnessa S. Kaisinova
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
White Male ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Metabolism Regulation ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Rank Correlation Method ◽  
Experimental Group

Background. Due to the fact that it is not always possible to reproduce all known manifestations of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism disorders, for example, in rodents, it is necessary to verify individual pathogenetic links in animals when modeling the metabolic syndrome in order to select the most optimal natural biotropic factors for studying the effect on them. Aims: To analyze metabolic disorders in the modeling of metabolic syndrome of alimentary genesis in comparison with the combined effect of alimentary factor and chemical agents to select the most appropriate model in the study of natural and weak preformed physical factors. Materials and methods. Metabolic syndrome was modeled in 47 sexually mature outbred white male rats using a hypercaloric diet (HD) of various duration and medications. The first series was the 1st control group (CG1) and the 1st experimental group (EG1). They received HD during 180 days, they were withdrawn from the experiment 30 days after the cancellation of HD. The second series was the 2nd control group (CG2) and three experimental groups. They received HD for 60 days, where the 2nd group (EG2) in association with HD received Mercazolil (10 mg/kg of animal weight) intragastrically for 14 days starting from the 21st day; the 3rd group (EG3) had the same scheme of treatment as in EG2, besides, after taking Mercazolil, they were intramuscularly injected with Nitox 200 at 25 mg/kg once per day during 5 days. Animals of EG2 and EG3 were withdrawn from the experiment 60 days after ending of HD. Animals of the 4th experimental group (EG4) got HD and the same medicine as in EG3. They left the experiment 30 days after ending HD. The content of hormones and biochemical parameters of protein, fat, and carbohydrate in peripheral blood was evaluated using multiple inter-group comparisons and intra-group relationships by Spearmans rank correlation method. Results. There have been detected a large number of biochemical signs of dependence of metabolism regulation on leptin level after long-term HD (180 days), while there were fewer biochemical signs of protein exchange disorder less than with the combined use of HD (60 days) and drugs. Conclusion. It is more appropriate and promising to use a long-term HD as a model of MS close to the natural conditions of its formation, to study the influence of natural and weak preformed physical factors.

THYMUS VARIABILITY IN WHITE RATS EXPOSED TO FORMALDEHYDE

2019 ◽  
pp. 105-116
Author(s):  
V.N. Voloshin ◽  
I.S. Voloshina ◽  
I.Yu. Vash
Keyword(s):  
White Male ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Procrustes Analysis ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Canonical Variables ◽  
Generalized Procrustes Analysis ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Main Component ◽  
Formaldehyde Inhalation

The aim of the paper is to study thymus variability in white rats, which were exposed to formaldehyde, and to compare these data with the indicators in control animals. Materials and Methods. The trial enrolled 72 white male rats, initial body weight 40–50 g. The animals were divided into 2 groups (36 rats in each). The first group consisted of control rats. Animals of the second group were exposed to formaldehyde inhalation, 2.766 mg/m3. To characterize the variability of the organ size, centroids were determined. The superposition of landmark configurations was performed using the generalized Procrustes analysis method, MorphoJ 1.06d program. The principal component analysis and canonical analysis of the obtained data were carried out. Results. One-Way ANOVA revealed a high level of intergroup differences in Procrust distance (F=1.34; p<0.0001). The significant effect of the duration of formaldehyde exposure on centroid size was established. The Kruskal-Wallis criterion was 19.778 (p=0.0014). The analysis of the principal components indicated that each of the first 10 components stands for more than 1 % of Procrustes coordinate variance. In this case, the first 7 components compatibly explain 91.398 % of thymus variability. The proportion of the first main component to the total variance of the Procrustes coordinates is 40.236 %. PC1 (-) shows changes in the thymus shape, mostly affecting the tops of its lobes, the middle part of the right boundary and the entire left thymus boundary. The scattering ellipses of the thymus ordinates in rats exposed to formaldehyde, in the first two canonical variables are located higher than those in the control animals. Conclusion. Formaldehyde inhalation leads to thymus changes in white rat. The most significant differences with control data are determined along the second canonical variable. Keywords: thymus, form, rat, formaldehyde, geometric morphometry. Цель. Изучение изменчивости формы тимуса белых крыс, находившихся в условиях влияния формальдегида, и сравнение этих данных с показателями, полученными у контрольных животных. Материалы и методы. Работа выполнена на 72 белых крысах-самцах с начальной массой тела 40–50 г. Животные были разделены на 2 серии (по 36 крыс). Первую серию составляли контрольные крысы. Животные второй серии подвергались ингаляционному воздействию формальдегида (ФА) в концентрации 2,766 мг/м3. Для характеристики изменчивости размеров органов определяли размер их центроидов. Процедуру суперимпозиции конфигураций ландмарок выполняли методом генерализованного прокрустова анализа с использованием программы MorphoJ 1.06d. Проводили анализ главных компонент и канонический анализ полученных данных. Результаты. Однофакторный дисперсионный анализ выявил высокий уровень межгрупповых различий по показателю прокрустовых расстояний (F=1,34; р<0,0001). Установлено значительное влияние продолжительности нахождения животных в условиях воздействия ФА на размер центроида. Критерий Краскела–Уоллиса составил 19,778 (р=0,0014). Анализ главных компонент указывал на то, что каждая из первых 10 компонент объясняет более 1 % дисперсии прокрустовых координат. При этом первые 7 компонент совместно объясняют 91,398 % изменчивости формы тимуса. Вклад первой главной компоненты в общую дисперсию прокрустовых координат составляет 40,236 %. РС1 (–) показывает изменения формы тимуса, в большей степени затрагивающие верхушки его долей, среднюю часть правого контура и весь левый контур тимуса. Эллипсы рассеивания ординат тимусов, принадлежащих крысам, подвергавшимся влиянию ФА, в пространстве первых двух канонических переменных расположены выше по отношению к таковым контрольных животных. Заключение. Ингаляционное воздействие формальдегида приводит к изменению формы тимуса белых крыс. Наибольшие различия с контрольными данными определяются вдоль второй канонической переменной. Ключевые слова: тимус, форма, крыса, формальдегид, геометрическая морфометрия.

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