Relationship Between Environmental Temperature and Performance Indices of Commercial Broiler Farms in Korea

AbstractThe broiler industry in the Middle East (ME) faces many challenges related to bacterial infections, including M. gallisepticum, M. synoviae, E. coli, and other gram-negative bacteria, exacerbated by various errors in the brooding process. Antibiotics use in the first three days of life, such as Linco-Spectin 100 SP, tilmicosin, enrofloxacin, tylosin, colistin, and doxycycline, is the trend in the market to control such challenges. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the newly introduced aroA E. coli vaccine (Poulvac E. coli) and its ability to reduce over-reliance on the heavy use of antibiotics in the ME. The study was conducted on 160 broiler chicks, divided into eight even groups. Each group was treated differently in terms of antibiotic therapy and ages at the time of Poulvac E. coli administration and the challenge of virulent avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC), serotype O78. Spray application of Poulvac E. coli at seven days of age plus Linco-Spectin 100 SP during the first three days provided the best results for zero mortality after challenge with APEC, while Poulvac E. coli at seven days with enrofloxacin during the early three days resulted in 10% mortality. Poulvac E. coli hatchery vaccination protected birds against mortality but reduced body weight gain compared to the 7-day group vaccinated with Linco-Spectin 100 SP during the first three days. Poulvac E. coli given on day one or day seven did not affect the immune response to concurrent respiratory viral vaccines and, in some cases, improved response. This study shows that Poulvac E. coli at seven days of age, together with Linco-Spectin 100 during the first three days, has produced the best results in terms of protection and performance in the ME high presence of avian pathogenic E. coli field challenge.

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Sectorization for Water Distribution Systems with Multiple Sources: A Performance Indices Comparison

Water ◽

10.3390/w13020131 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 131

Author(s):

Jezabel D. Bianchotti ◽

Melina Denardi ◽

Mario Castro-Gama ◽

Gabriel D. Puccini

Keyword(s):

Distribution Systems ◽

Water Distribution ◽

Distribution Networks ◽

Performance Criteria ◽

Performance Indices ◽

Multiple Sources ◽

Multiobjective Problems ◽

Open Questions ◽

Minimum Number ◽

And Performance

Sectorization is an effective technique for reducing the complexities of analyzing and managing of water systems. The resulting sectors, called district metering areas (DMAs), are expected to meet some requirements and performance criteria such as minimum number of intervention, pressure uniformity, similarity of demands, water quality and number of districts. An efficient methodology to achieve all these requirements together and the proper choice of a criteria governing the sectorization is one of the open questions about optimal DMAs design. This question is addressed in this research by highlighting the advantages of three different criteria when applied to real-word water distribution networks (WDNs). To this, here it is presented a two-stage approach for optimal design of DMAs. The first stage, the clustering of the system, is based on a Louvain-type greedy algorithm for the generalized modularity maximization. The second stage, the physical dividing of the system, is stated as a two-objective optimization problem that utilises the SMOSA version of simulated annealing for multiobjective problems. One objective is the number of isolation valves whereas for the second objective three different performance indices (PIs) are analyzed and compared: (a) standard deviation, (b) Gini coefficient and (c) loss of resilience. The methodology is applied to two real case studies where the first two PIs are optimized to address similar demands among DMAs. The results demonstrate that the proposed method is effective for sectorization into independent DMAs with similar demands. Surprisingly, it found that for the real studied systems, loss of resilience achieves better performance for each district in terms of pressure uniformity and demand similarity than the other two specific performance criteria.

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Industry-related sustainable development Goal-9 progress and performance indices and policies for Sub-Saharan African countries

Environmental Development ◽

10.1016/j.envdev.2021.100694 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 100694

Author(s):

Ralph A. Luken ◽

Abu Saieed ◽

Michelle Magvasi

Keyword(s):

Sustainable Development ◽

Performance Indices ◽

African Countries ◽

Sustainable Development Goal ◽

Development Goal ◽

Sub Saharan ◽

And Performance

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Reference evapotranspiration for Londrina, Paraná, Brazil: performance of different estimation methods

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2017v38n4supl1p2363 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 38 (4Supl1) ◽

pp. 2363

Author(s):

Rodrigo Dlugosz da Silva ◽

Marcelo Augusto de Aguiar e Silva ◽

Marcelo Giovanetti Canteri ◽

Juliandra Rodrigues Rosisca ◽

Nilson Aparecido Vieira Junior

Keyword(s):

Reference Evapotranspiration ◽

Meteorological Data ◽

Global Radiation ◽

Alternative Methods ◽

Estimation Methods ◽

Performance Indices ◽

Excellent Performance ◽

Study Region ◽

Temperature Radiation ◽

And Performance

Aiming at assessing the performance of alternative methods to Penman-Monteith FAO56 for estimating the reference evapotranspiration (ETo) for Londrina, Paraná, Brazil, the methods temperature radiation, Hicks-Hess, Hargreaves-Samani (1982), Turc, Priestley-Taylor, Tanner-Pelton, Jensen-Haise, Makkink, modified Hargreaves, Stephens-Stewart, Abtew, global radiation, Ivanov, Lungeon, Hargreaves-Samani (1985), Benavides-Lopez, original Penman, Linacre, Blaney-Morin, Romanenko, Hargreaves (1974), McCloud, Camargo, Hamon, Kharrufa, McGuiness-Bordne, and Blaney-Criddle were compared to that standard method recommended by FAO. The estimations were correlated by linear regression and assessed by using the Person’s correlation coefficient (r), concordance index (d), and performance index (c) using a set of meteorological data of approximately 40 years. The methods modified Hargreaves, Stephens-Stewart, Abtew, global radiation, Ivanov, Lungeon, Hargreaves-Samani (1985), Benavides-Lopez, original Penman, and Linacre should be avoided, as they did not present excellent results. The methods McCloud, Camargo, Hamon, Kharrufa, McGuinness-Bordne, Blaney-Criddle, Hargreaves (1974), Romanenko, and Blaney-Morin were classified as very bad, not being recommended. In contrast, the methods temperature radiation, Hicks-Hess, Hargreaves-Samani (1982), Turc, Priestley-Taylor, Tenner-Pelton, Jensen-Haise, and Makkink presented excellent performance indices and can be applied in the study region.

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Reference evapotranspiration for Londrina, Paraná, Brazil: performance of different estimation methods

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2017v38n4suplp2363 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 38 (4Supl1) ◽

pp. 2363

Author(s):

Rodrigo Dlugosz da Silva ◽

Marcelo Augusto de Aguiar e Silva ◽

Marcelo Giovanetti Canteri ◽

Juliandra Rodrigues Rosisca ◽

Nilson Aparecido Vieira Junior

Keyword(s):

Reference Evapotranspiration ◽

Meteorological Data ◽

Global Radiation ◽

Alternative Methods ◽

Estimation Methods ◽

Performance Indices ◽

Excellent Performance ◽

Study Region ◽

Temperature Radiation ◽

And Performance

Aiming at assessing the performance of alternative methods to Penman-Monteith FAO56 for estimating the reference evapotranspiration (ETo) for Londrina, Paraná, Brazil, the methods temperature radiation, Hicks-Hess, Hargreaves-Samani (1982), Turc, Priestley-Taylor, Tanner-Pelton, Jensen-Haise, Makkink, modified Hargreaves, Stephens-Stewart, Abtew, global radiation, Ivanov, Lungeon, Hargreaves-Samani (1985), Benavides-Lopez, original Penman, Linacre, Blaney-Morin, Romanenko, Hargreaves (1974), McCloud, Camargo, Hamon, Kharrufa, McGuiness-Bordne, and Blaney-Criddle were compared to that standard method recommended by FAO. The estimations were correlated by linear regression and assessed by using the Person’s correlation coefficient (r), concordance index (d), and performance index (c) using a set of meteorological data of approximately 40 years. The methods modified Hargreaves, Stephens-Stewart, Abtew, global radiation, Ivanov, Lungeon, Hargreaves-Samani (1985), Benavides-Lopez, original Penman, and Linacre should be avoided, as they did not present excellent results. The methods McCloud, Camargo, Hamon, Kharrufa, McGuinness-Bordne, Blaney-Criddle, Hargreaves (1974), Romanenko, and Blaney-Morin were classified as very bad, not being recommended. In contrast, the methods temperature radiation, Hicks-Hess, Hargreaves-Samani (1982), Turc, Priestley-Taylor, Tenner-Pelton, Jensen-Haise, and Makkink presented excellent performance indices and can be applied in the study region.

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Wrench capabilities of planar parallel manipulators. Part I: Wrench polytopes and performance indices

Robotica ◽

10.1017/s0263574708004384 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 26 (6) ◽

pp. 791-802 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Flavio Firmani ◽

Alp Zibil ◽

Scott B. Nokleby ◽

Ron P. Podhorodeski

Keyword(s):

Parallel Manipulators ◽

Joint Space ◽

Linear Mapping ◽

Redundant Manipulators ◽

Task Space ◽

Performance Indices ◽

Study Case ◽

And Performance ◽

Planar Parallel Manipulators

SUMMARYThis paper is organized in two parts. In Part I, the wrench polytope concept is presented and wrench performance indices are introduced for planar parallel manipulators (PPMs). In Part II, the concept of wrench capabilities is extended to redundant manipulators and the wrench workspace of different PPMs is analyzed. The end-effector of a PPM is subject to the interaction of forces and moments. Wrench capabilities represent the maximum forces and moments that can be applied or sustained by the manipulator. The wrench capabilities of PPMs are determined by a linear mapping of the actuator output capabilities from the joint space to the task space. The analysis is based upon properly adjusting the actuator outputs to their extreme capabilities. The linear mapping results in a wrench polytope. It is shown that for non-redundant PPMs, one actuator output capability constrains the maximum wrench that can be applied (or sustained) with a plane in the wrench space yielding a facet of the polytope. Herein, the determination of wrench performance indices is presented without the expensive task of generating polytopes. Six study cases are presented and performance indices are derived for each study case.

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Physiology and bromatology of Oryctolagus cunicullus L. 1758 fed browse legume with enzyme levels

Agro-Science ◽

10.4314/as.v21i1.8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 45-50

Author(s):

A.M. Ogungbesan ◽

O.E. Fasina ◽

E.O. Alagbe ◽

O.O. Eniolorunda

Keyword(s):

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Treatment Effects ◽

Gliricidia Sepium ◽

Performance Indices ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

And Performance ◽

Nutritional Benefits ◽

Dietary Treatments

The objective of this experiment was to determine the effects of feeding rabbits with Maxigrain® (M) enzyme supplemented Gliricidia sepium leaf meal (GLM) on their physiology, performance characteristics, and nutrients digestibility. Twenty weaned rabbits of mixed sexes, 5-6 weeks old, were randomly allotted to five dietary treatments including 0 g M which was soybean without M (control) and GLM supplemented with M at 50, 100, 150 and 200 g M per kilogramme of GLM. There were four rabbits per treatment and one rabbit as replicate in a completely randomized design. There were no significant (p > 0.05) treatment effects in all physiological and performance indices as well as those of crude fat, fibre and NFE digestibilities. There were variations (p < 0.05) due to the treatment effects on dry matter, crude protein and ash digestiblities. This implies that the feeding of soft faeces directly from the caecum called coprophagy mechanism in rabbits has its concomitant nutritional benefits. This advantageous benefit can enable rabbit to effectively and efficiently utilize forage or forage-based diet with or without enzyme supplementation.

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