scholarly journals Physicochemical and Mycological Examination of Groundwater (Well Water) in Rumuosi Community, Rivers State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 82-89
Author(s):  
N.P. Akani ◽  
C.E.I. Nwankwo ◽  
P.N. Barika ◽  
O.N. Amadi
Keyword(s):  
Well Water ◽  
Mycological Examination ◽  
Rivers State

scholarly journals Isolation and Molecular Characterisation of Vancomycin Resistant Bacteria Isolated from Selected Well Water in Ula-Ubie Community, Ahoada, Rivers State

2020 ◽  
pp. 70-77
Author(s):  
N. P. Akani ◽  
M. Okpokiri ◽  
R. R. Nrior
Keyword(s):  
Screening Method ◽  
Brain Heart Infusion ◽  
Molecular Methods ◽  
Nutrient Agar ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Well Water ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant ◽  
Rivers State

The resistance of bacteria to vancomycin has made the treatment of some infections more difficult to handle. The aim of this study was to isolate and molecularly characterize vancomycin resistant bacteria in selected well water with a view of determining the level of resistance in the environment. fifty (50) well water samples were collected from ten different stations in Ula-Ubie community, Ahoada, Rivers State for a period of six months (January 2019 to June, 2019). Bacteria diversity was analysed using standard microbiological techniques. In this technique, aliquots of 10-1, 10-2 and 10-3 dilutions were seeded into prepared Nutrient agar and Brain Heart infusion agar (BHI). Microbial loads were enumerated and distinct bacterial colonies were picked and inoculated on freshly prepared nutrient agar. Purification of isolates was done by streaking on freshly prepared nutrient agar plates until isolates were void of mixed culture. The isolates were further characterized using biochemical and molecular methods and preserved in bijou bottles containing 5 ml of 10% (v/v) glycerol. Isolates from the glycerol were subcultured on fresh nutrient agar plates before each use. The vancomycin resistant bacteria were screened using the culture-based screening method. In this method, sterile nutrient medium was supplemented with different concentrations of the vancomycin antibiotics. Inoculation of bacterial isolates on the vancomycin supplemented agar followed before plates were incubated. The ensuing bacterial isolates were characterized using biochemical and molecular methods. Ninetine (19) bacteria isolates were screened for vancomycin and of this numbers, six (6) were positive for vancomycin resistance. The agar rose gel electrophoresis showed the presence of vanA and vanB gene which could be responsible for the resistance to the vancomycin observed in most isolates. The presence of vancomycin resistant genes in these isolates is of public health concern due to the transfer of resistance to other isolates. Standard hygienic practice is therefore recommended in the use of well water.

scholarly journals Microbial Quality of Well Water in Upland and Riverine Communities of Rivers State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. C. Nwankwo ◽  
M. Julie, Ovunda
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Well Water ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Fungal Organisms ◽  
Rivers State

In this study, health risk assessment of well water from twelve communities grouped into upland and riverine in Rivers State was carried out in several categories such as uses of water, skin infections and health assessment via questionnaire distribution. Malaria was recorded to be the most common disease related to water. Furthermore, water samples were collected and analysed for physiochemical, biochemical and pathological characteristics. The average pH was 7.52, an indication of neutrality. Several species of bacterial and fungal organisms were isolated and identified. The total heterotrophic bacteria (THB), total fungal and total coliform counts ranged from 14.0x104cfu/ml to 100.0x104cfu/ml, 3.2x103cfu/ml to 7.4x103cfu/ml and 4 cfu/100 ml to ≥2400 cfu/100 ml respectively. Morphological and biochemical observations revealed the presence of the following organisms: Aeromonas sp., Alcaligenes sp., Bacillus sp. Citrobacter sp. E. coli, Enterobacter sp, Klebsiella sp., Micrococcus sp., Proteus sp., Salmonella sp., Sarcina sp., Shigella sp., Staphylococcus sp., Streptococcus sp. and Vibrio sp. Staphylococcus sp. and Streptococcus sp. had the least percentage incidence of 8.3% while Vibrio sp had the most incidence of 100% in all the well water sampled. Well water is a source of pathogenic bacteria; hence, it is recommended that consistent water quality studies should be conducted on all the well water in the communities at least once in a year. Well water should also be treated before use to avoid the outbreak of water borne diseases.

scholarly journals Annual Effective Dose and Lifetime Cancer Risks Due to Natural Radioactivity in Hand –Dug Well Water of Tai Rivers State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
C. P. Ononugbo ◽  
N. N. Ndodo
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Natural Radioactivity ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Annual Effective Dose ◽  
Gamma Spectroscopy ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Well Water ◽  
Yearly Average ◽  
Rivers State ◽  
Dug Well

The presence of radionuclide in water poses a number of health hazards, especially when the radionuclide is deposited in the human body through drinking water. The aim of this study was to evaluate natural radioactivity and its associated health risk in hand dug well water of Tai Local Government Area of Rivers State, Nigeria by means of gamma spectroscopy techniques and radiation models. The well water was collected from five selected coastal communities of Tai and chemically treated by adding nitric acid and then pre-concentrated further by evaporating to certain levels and kept in marineli beaker properly sealed for 28 days, after which was counted with NaI(Ti) detector. The mean values of specific activity concentration of 40K, 226Ra and 228Ra(232Th) were  25.90, 19.21 and 18.50 Bql-1 respectively. The annual effective doses for different age categories were estimated taking into consideration the ingested dose conversion factors as well as their yearly average water consumption. The average annual effective dose estimated for infants, children, teenagers and adult population were 0.115, 0.027, 0.071 and 0.013 Svy-1 respectively. The annual effective dose due to ingestion of the sampled water were above the recommended values by WHO, IAEA and UNSCEAR for the age brackets. The paper presents the overview of the techniques used and the summary of the findings. The result of this study gives the radiological baseline data for effective monitoring of the study area.

Silicon Substitution for Calcium in the Shell of the Fingernail Clam, Musculium Transversum Studied By X-Ray Analysis

1980 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 560-561
Author(s):  
Judith A. Murphy ◽  
Anthony Paparo ◽  
Richard Sparks
Keyword(s):  
Carbonic Anhydrase ◽  
River Water ◽  
Food Chains ◽  
Well Water ◽  
Shell Formation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Molluscan Shell ◽  
Fingernail Clams

Fingernail clams (Muscu1ium transversum) are dominant bottom-dwelling animals in some waters of the midwest U.S. These organisms are key links in food chains leading from nutrients in water and mud to fish and ducks which are utilized by man. In the mid-1950’s, fingernail clams disappeared from a 100-mile section of the Illinois R., a tributary of the Mississippi R. Some factor(s) in the river and/or sediment currently prevent clams from recolonizing areas where they were formerly abundant. Recently, clams developed shell deformities and died without reproducing. The greatest mortality and highest incidence of shell deformities appeared in test chambers containing the highest proportion of river water to well water. The molluscan shell consists of CaCO3, and the tissue concerned in its secretion is the mantle. The source of the carbonate is probably from metabolic CO2 and the maintenance of ionized Ca concentration in the mantle is controlled by carbonic anhydrase. The Ca is stored in extracellular concentric spherical granules(0.6-5.5μm) which represent a large amount of inertCa in the mantle. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the role of raw river water and well water on shell formation in the fingernail clam.

Access to HIV Information: The Challenge of Hearing Impaired Adolescents in Rivers State, Nigeria

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yetunde Akani ◽  
Charlse Tobin-West ◽  
Jozabad Ibiroma ◽  
Nancy Chidi-Nwankwo
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Impaired ◽  
Rivers State

IDENTIFIKASI SERTA HUBUNGAN KONSTRUKSI SUMUR GALI TERHADAP KANDUNGAN COLIFORM PADA AIR SUMUR GALI DI DUSUN JIKEN KABUPATEN LOMBOK TIMUR

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Dini Yuliansari
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Well Water ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Variable ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Dug Wells ◽  
Dug Well ◽  
The Relationship

The well is one of the source water used for bathing, washing, and drinking by the citizens in Jiken Hamlet, Rarang Village, Terara Sub-District. Poor dug well construction conditions can affect the amount of coliform bacteria contained in the dug well water. The purpose of this study is to identify the construction of dug wells and the content of coliform bacteria in dug well water and determine the relationship between dug well construction and the content of coliform bacteria. This research is analytic with a cross sectional study design. The results were obtained from 11 samples of dug wells which were observed in construction and the coliform content was known that all samples did not requirements as good dug well construction. Coliform content test results showed that as many as 5 dug well water samples did not pass the clean water quality standards. The results of data analysis with the chi-square test variable construction of dug wells with coliform content variable  showed 0,172 > 0,05, then the concluded is the dug well not suitable to use by people in that area as a source of water for daily needs.

Perceived Influence of Students’ Demographic Variables on Their Access to Financial Aids in Public Universities in Rivers State, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-50
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Olorunleke Eseyin
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Public Universities ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Sample Size Determination ◽  
Interview Schedule ◽  
The Public ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Rivers State

The paper investigated the perceived influence of students’ demographic variables on their access to financial aids in public Universities in Rivers State, Nigeria. Six questions were formulated to guide the study and five hypotheses tested at 0.05 level of significance. The design adopted for the study was an analytical survey. The population of the study included 78, 216 students (34,997 male and 43,219 female) in the three public Universities in Rivers State. The sample of the study covered 791 students (Male= 395 and Female= 396) selected through the random sampling technique while Taro Yamane method of sample size determination was used for determining the sample size. The instruments used for collecting responses from students were questionnaire and a ten items interview schedule. The research questions were answered using frequency, percentage and cumulative percentage. Findings of the study revealed that students’ demographic variables have an influence on their access to financial aids in public Universities in Rivers State, Nigeria. The implication of this is that the government’s expenditure on education will continue to increase in the absence of these alternative financial aids in the public Universities in Rivers State, Nigeria.

Some Physicochemical Parameters of Wastewater from an Oil Industry at Point of Discharge in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
O. A. F Wokoma ◽  
◽  
O. S Edori ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
World Health ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
Water Association ◽  
Wastewater Samples ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Rivers State

Wastewater samples were collected from an oil industry at the point of discharge for a period of two years, from January 2018 – December 2019. The wastewater samples were analyzed for different physicochemical parameters such as temperature, turbidity, total dissolved solids (TDS), total suspended solids (TSS), conductivity, pH, alkalinity, salinity, total hydrocarbon content (THC), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) to examine their conformity to fulfill requirements as recommended by World Health Organization (WHO), Federal Ministry of Environment (FME) and Drinking Water Association (DWA). The results indicated that all the parameters in the discharged wastewater were within acceptable limits of the regulatory bodies. The field data showed that the investigated firm conformed to the law by carrying out proper procedures before discharging the effluents into the public drain and river. Therefore, the release of wastewater from the industry doesn't constitute a danger to the environment as well as aquatic organisms. Keywords: Physicochemical parameter, wastewater discharge, oil industry, environment, contaminants

Fungi on leaves, branches and stems of trees and shrubs of Saint Petersburg suburban parks

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
М.В. Сидельникова ◽  
А.В. Тобиас ◽  
Д.Ю. Власов
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Dutch Elm Disease ◽  
City Center ◽  
Saint Petersburg ◽  
Xylotrophic Fungi ◽  
Fungi Infection ◽  
Mycological Examination ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Available Information ◽  
Trees And Shrubs

Проведены микологические обследования древесной и кустарниковой растительности на территории парковой зоны Санкт-Петербурга и пригородов. Сбор материала проводился в парках южных пригородов Санкт-Петербурга (Павловский парк, Екатерининский парк, Нижний сад и Верхний парк Ораниенбаума, Верхний сад и Нижний парк ГМЗ «Петергоф»). В сравнительных целях был обследован парк при Обуховской больнице в центре Санкт-Петербурга. На древесно-кустарниковых породах парковой зоны нами выявлено 230 видов грибов (микро- и макромицетов). На листьях выявлено 28 видов микромицетов, в числе которых возбудители мучнистой росы, ржавчины и пятнистостей. На ветвях и стволах древесных пород выявлено 150 видов микромицетов, среди которых есть как часто встречающиеся, так и редкие виды грибов. Большинство из них обнаруживается в анаморфной стадии. Наибольшее разнообразие и развитие микромицетов отмечено на сухих ветвях. Высокой вредоносностью характеризуются тиростромоз липы и голландская болезнь вязов. Выявлены устойчивые патогенные комплексы грибов, развитие которых приводит к заметному ухудшению состояния растений. На стволах живых и усыхающих деревьев, а также растительных остатках отмечено 52 вида макромицетов. Среди них выявлены доминирующие и редкие виды. Среди источников заражения древесных растений ксилотрофными грибами выделяются отмершие вязы, усохшие стволы которых можно наблюдать как в пригородных парках, так и в центральной части Санкт-Петербурга. Полученные данные существенно расширяют имеющиеся сведения по микобиоте парков Санкт-Петербурга. Mycological examination of tree and shrub vegetation on the territory of Saint Petersburg park zone and its suburbs was conducted. Material was collected in the parks of southern suburbs of Saint Petersburg (Pavlovsk Park, Catherine Park, Lower Garden and Upper Park in Oranienbaum, Upper Garden and Lower Park in Peterhof). For comparative purposes Park of Obukhov Hospital in Saint Petersburg city center was also examined. At the moment, 230 fungi species (micro- and macrofungi) were identified on trees and shrubs of the park zone. Among them, 28 species of microfungi, including powdery mildew, rust and blights pathogens were found on leaves. Also, 150 species of microfungi, including both common and rare fungi species, were found on branches and trunks. Most of them were found in the anamorphic stage. The greatest diversity and microfungi development were noted on dry branches. Thyrostromose of linden and Dutch elm disease are the most harmful. Stable complexes of pathogenic fungi, which development leads to clear decline of plants' condition, were identified. In addition, 52 species of macrofungi, including dominant and rare species, were observed on trunks of living and drying trees and vegetation residues. Among the sources of xylotrophic fungi infection of woody plants, dead elms are the most distinguished. Their dead trunks can be found in both suburban parks and the central part of Saint Petersburg. The presented data significantly expand available information on mycobiota Saint Petersburg parks.

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