scholarly journals Early Risk Detection of Pre-eclampsia for Pregnant Women Using Artificial Neural Network

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (02) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Endah Purwanti ◽  
Ichroom Septa Preswari ◽  
Ernawati Ernawati
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Maternal Mortality Ratio ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Mortality Ratio ◽  
Artificial Neural ◽  
Classification Tool

Pre-eclampsia still dominates maternal mortality cases in Indonesia. One effort that can be done is to establish early detection of the risk of pre-eclampsia in pregnant women. Automated devices with high accuracy are needed to detect the risk of pre-eclampsia so that the maternal mortality ratio can be reduced. This study aims to design an early detection system for the risk of pre-eclampsia based on artificial neural networks. The system is designed with 11 input parameters in the form of risk factors and output in the form of positive or negative risk of pre-eclampsia. The classification tool used in this study is backpropagation neural network with cross validation scenario at the training stage. The advantage of this system is the weighting of risk factor parameters by obstetric and gynecology specialists so that the results of testing the device show high accuracy. In addition, the device for early detection of pre-eclampsia was also conducted by user acceptance tests for a number of pregnant women.

scholarly journals Antenatal Care Visits and Early Detection of Pre-eclampsia among Pregnant Women

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 248
Author(s):  
Dini Rima Fadilah ◽  
Shrimarti Rukmini Devy
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Maternal Mortality Ratio ◽  
Data Retrieval ◽  
Retrieval Technique ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
Mortality Ratio ◽  
The Government

<span lang="EN-US">The death of pregnant women is still the world's attention in the field of health. The SDG's indicator provides one of the goals in the health field. The target to be achieved is a global maternal mortality ratio of less than 70/100,000 live births by 2030. According to WHO, preeclampsia is one of the leading causes of maternal death in the world, including Indonesia. East Java Province with the highest ranking in Indonesia. One of the cities in East Java which is the leading contributor to preeclampsia is Surabaya with 16 cases in 2016. The government carries out the treatment to reduce maternal mortality due to preeclampsia through antenatal care. This study aimed to analyze antenatal care visits for early detection of preeclampsia. The method in this research is qualitative research method with data retrieval technique using in-depth interview. Based on the results of research antenatal care visits have an effect on early detection of preeclampsia. Pregnant women who regularly make antenatal visits can prevent possible dangers of pregnancy as early as possible. So the maternal mortality rate (MMR) due to pre-eclampsia can be decreased.</span>

scholarly journals Maternal mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico: a preliminary analysis during the first year

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Mendez-Dominguez ◽  
Karen Santos-Zaldívar ◽  
Salvador Gomez-Carro ◽  
Sudip Datta-Banik ◽  
Genny Carrillo
Keyword(s):  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Maternal Mortality Ratio ◽  
Maternal Deaths ◽  
Immune Impairment ◽  
Mortality Ratio

Abstract Background In Mexico, the COVID-19 pandemic led to preventative measures such as confinement and social interaction limitations that paradoxically may have aggravated healthcare access disparities for pregnant women and accentuated health system weaknesses addressing high-risk patients’ pregnancies. Our objective is to estimate the maternal mortality ratio in 1 year and analyze the clinical course of pregnant women hospitalized due to acute respiratory distress syndrome and COVID-19. Methods A retrospective surveillance study of the national maternal mortality was performed from February 2020–February 2021 in Mexico related to COVID-19 cases in pregnant women, including their outcomes. Comparisons were made between patients who died and those who survived to identify prognostic factors and underlying health conditions distribution. Results Maternal Mortality Ratio increased by 56.8% in the studied period, confirmed COVID-19 was the cause of 22.93% of cases. Additionally, unconfirmed cases represented 4.5% of all maternal deaths. Among hospitalized pregnant women with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome consistent with COVID-19, smoking and cardiovascular diseases were more common among patients who faced a fatal outcome. They were also more common in the age group of < 19 or > 38. In addition, pneumonia was associated with asthma and immune impairment, while diabetes and increased BMI increased the odds for death (Odds Ratio 2.30 and 1.70, respectively). Conclusions Maternal Mortality Ratio in Mexico increased over 60% in 1 year during the pandemic; COVID-19 was linked to 25.4% of maternal deaths in the studied period. Lethality among pregnant women with a diagnosis of COVID-19 was 2.8%, and while asthma and immune impairment increased propensity for developing pneumonia, obesity and diabetes increased the odds for in-hospital death. Measures are needed to improve access to coordinated well-organized healthcare to reduce maternal deaths related to COVID-19 and pandemic collateral effects.

scholarly journals Primary health care among rural pregnant women in China: achievements and challenges in maternal mortality ratio

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Le Yang ◽  
Hongman Wang
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Maternal Mortality Ratio ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Mortality Ratio ◽  
The Government

Abstract Background: The maternal mortality ratio (MMR) is not only an important indicator of maternal and infant safety, but also a sign of the development of economy, education, and medical care in a country. In the last 60 years, the Chinese government has implemented various strategies and policies to reduce the MMR, especially in the rural areas. Aim: This study aimed to discuss the strategies developed by the Chinese government, showing the successful experience of Chinese intervention programs and highlighting the challenges to the government in the context of current economic and social status. Method: This study probed into the Chinese government’s efforts and achievements in the MMR reducing by reviewing the relevant health policies, extracting the data from China Health Statistics Yearbook of 2015, analyzing the reduction of maternal death in rural areas and the major causes from 1991 to 2015, comparing the MMR trend in urban and rural areas, and discussing the changes of the situation in China. Finding: Although it seems that Chinese government’s efforts have brought evangel to the rural pregnant women and significantly reduced rural maternal mortality, the government still needs to develop more equitable and flexible primary health care policies to narrow the imbalance in health resource allocation and pay more attention to the health care for the rural-to-urban migration in China.

scholarly journals Reducing maternal mortality in China in the era of the two-child policy

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. e002157
Author(s):  
Jue Liu ◽  
Li Song ◽  
Jie Qiu ◽  
Wenzhan Jing ◽  
Liang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Maternal Mortality Ratio ◽  
Pregnancy Risk ◽  
Risk Screening ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Child Policy ◽  
Mortality Ratio ◽  
Maternal And Newborn

Reducing maternal mortality ratio (MMR) is of great concern worldwide. After the implementation of the two-child policy in 2013, the number of live births and the proportion of high-risk pregnancies both increased, and these bring new challenges to the reduction of MMR. China implemented a package of nationwide strategies in April 2016, the Five Strategies for Maternal and Newborn Safety (FSMNS). The FSMNS consists of five components: (1) pregnancy risk screening and assessment strategy, (2) case-by-case management strategy for high-risk pregnancies, (3) referral and treatment strategy for critically ill pregnant women and newborns, (4) reporting strategy for maternal deaths (and 5) accountability strategy. To better implement the FSMNS, China formulated a unified pregnancy risk screening form. After risk assessment and classification, medical records of all the pregnant women are labelled with green (low risk), yellow (moderate risk), orange (high risk), red (highest risk) or purple (infectious disease) for tailored management. By the implementation of FSMNS, China has already kept the MMR stable and cause it to enter a controlled decline. MMR in China has declined by 21.1%, from 23.2 per 100 000 live births in 2013 to 18.3 per 100 000 live births in 2018. The country’s challenges and experience in reducing the MMR could provide useful lessons for other countries.

scholarly journals KARAKTERISTIK PENDERITA PREEKLAMSIA DI RSUP PROF. Dr. R. D. KANDOU MANADO

e-CliniC ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia C. Warouw ◽  
Erna Suparman ◽  
Freddy W. Wagey
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Maternal Mortality Ratio ◽  
The United States ◽  
Severe Preeclampsia ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders In Pregnancy ◽  
Mortality Ratio ◽  
Mild Preeclampsia

Abstract: Worldwide there are about 76,000 pregnant women die each year due to preeclampsia and other hypertensive disorders in pregnancy. The incidence rate of preeclampsia in the United States, Canada, and Western Europe ranges from 2-5%. In developing countries, the rate ranges from 4-18% of all pregnancies. In Indonesia, the Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) of the period of 2008 to 2012 was 359 deaths per 100,000 live births. The occurrence of preeclampsia in Indonesia is about 3-10% of all pregnancies. This study aimed to determine the characteristics of patients with preeclampsia. This was a retrospective descriptive study. Samples were pregnant women with preeclampsia and had complete medical records at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital during the period of January 1, 2014 until December 31, 2014. The results showed that the number of pregnant women with preeclampsia were 201 people. Mild preeclampsia and severe preeclampsia were most prevalent in the age group of 20-35 years (70% and 61.46%) meanwhile superimposed preeclampsia in the age group of >35 years (78.13%). Preeclampsia was mostly among multiparity. Superimposed preeclampsia was found in 32 cases. Most pregnant women with preeclampsia had a BMI ≥ 30.00. Conclusion: Most preeclampsia cases occured in the age group of 20-35 and> 35 years with multiparity, some had hypertension, and mostly were obese. Keywords: mild preeclampsia, severe preeclampsia, superimposed preeclampsia, age, parity, nutritional status (obesity). Abstrak: Diseluruh dunia sekitar 76.000 wanita hamil meninggal setiap tahun akibat preeklamsia dan gangguan hipertensi lainnya pada kehamilan. Insiden preeklamsia di Amerika Serikat, Kanada, dan Eropa Barat berkisar 2-5% sedangkan di negara berkembang berkisar 4-18% dari semua kehamilan. Di Indonesia Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) periode 2008 sampai 2012 sebesar 359 kematian per 100.000 kelahiran hidup. Frekuensi kejadian preeklamsia di Indonesia sekitar 3-10% dari semua jumlah kehamilan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik penderita preeklamsia. Jenis penelitian ini deskriptif retrospektif. Sampel penelitian ialah ibu hamil dengan preeklamsia dan mempunyai data rekam medis lengkap di RSUP Prof. Dr. R.D. Kandou periode 1 Januari 2014 sampai 31 Desember 2014. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah ibu hamil dengan preeklamsia 201 orang. PER dan PEB terbanyak ditemukan pada kelompok usia 20-35 tahun (70% dan 61,46%) sedangkan superimposed PE pada kelompok usia >35 tahun (78,13%). Preeklamsi terbanyak pada paritas multigravida. Superimposed PE berjumlah 32 kasus. Ibu hamil dengan preeklamsia terbanyak memiliki IMT ≥30.00. Simpulan: Preeklamsia terjadi pada kelompok usia 20-35 dan >35 tahun dengan paritas multipara, sebagian dengan riwayat hipertensi, dan sebagian besar disertai obesitas.Kata kunci: preeklamsia ringan, preeklamsia berat, superimposed preeklamsia, usia, paritas, status gizi (obesitas).

Optimizing Error Rate in Intrusion Detection System Using Artificial Neural Network Algorithm

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 152
Author(s):  
S. Vijaya Rani ◽  
G. N. K. Suresh Babu
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Artificial Neural Network ◽  
Intrusion Detection ◽  
Error Rate ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
K Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Artificial Neural

The illegal hackers  penetrate the servers and networks of corporate and financial institutions to gain money and extract vital information. The hacking varies from one computing system to many system. They gain access by sending malicious packets in the network through virus, worms, Trojan horses etc. The hackers scan a network through various tools and collect information of network and host. Hence it is very much essential to detect the attacks as they enter into a network. The methods  available for intrusion detection are Naive Bayes, Decision tree, Support Vector Machine, K-Nearest Neighbor, Artificial Neural Networks. A neural network consists of processing units in complex manner and able to store information and make it functional for use. It acts like human brain and takes knowledge from the environment through training and learning process. Many algorithms are available for learning process This work carry out research on analysis of malicious packets and predicting the error rate in detection of injured packets through artificial neural network algorithms.

scholarly journals Two year review of maternal mortality at a tertiary care hospital of GMERS, Valsad, Gujarat, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 2283
Author(s):  
Darshna M. Patel ◽  
Mahesh M. Patel ◽  
Vandita K. Salat
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Maternal Mortality Ratio ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Maternal Deaths ◽  
Maternal Mortality Rate ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Mortality Ratio

Background: According to the WHO, 80 of maternal deaths in developing countries are due to direct maternal causes such as haemorrhage, hypertensive disorders and sepsis. These deaths are largely preventable. Maternal mortality ratio (MMR) in India is 167/100,000 live births.Methods: This retrospective observational study was conducted at GMERS, Valsad. Data regarding maternal deaths from January 2016 to December 2017 were collected and analyzed with respect to epidemiological parameters. The number of live births in the same period was obtained from the labour ward ragister. Maternal mortality rate and Mean maternal mortality ratio for the study period was calculated.Results: The mean Maternal mortality rate in the study period was 413.3/100,000 births. The maternal mortality ratio (MMR) in India is 167/100,000 live births. More than half of maternal deaths were reported in multiparous patients. More maternal deaths were observed in women from rural areas (67.3%), unbooked patients (73.3%) and illiterate women (65.3%). Thirty six (69.3%) maternal death occurred during postpartum period. Most common delay was first delay (60.0%) followed by second delay (40.0%). Postpartum haemorrhage (28.8%), preeclampsia (17.3%), sepsis (13.46%) were the major direct causes of maternal deaths. Indirect causes accounted for one third of maternal deaths in our study. Anemia, hepatitis and heart disease were responsible for 13.4%, 5.7%, and 1.9% of maternal deaths, respectively.Conclusions: Majority of maternal deaths are observed in patients from rural areas, unbooked, and illiterate patients. Hemorrhage, eclampsia and sepsis are leading causes of maternal deaths. Most of these maternal deaths are preventable if patients are given appropriate treatment at periphery and timely referred to higher centers.

The use of the sisterhood method for estimating maternal mortality ratio in Lagos state, Nigeria

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 315-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. A. Oye-Adeniran ◽  
K. A. Odeyemi ◽  
A. Gbadegesin ◽  
E. E. Ekanem ◽  
O. K. Osilaja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Maternal Mortality Ratio ◽  
Sisterhood Method ◽  
Lagos State ◽  
Mortality Ratio

scholarly journals Temporal evolution and spatial distribution of maternal death

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 662-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioná Carreno ◽  
Ana Lúcia de Lourenzi Bonilha ◽  
Juvenal Soares Dias da Costa
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Maternal Death ◽  
Temporal Evolution ◽  
Maternal Mortality Ratio ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
The State ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Maternal Risk ◽  
Mortality Ratio

OBJECTIVE To analyze the temporal evolution of maternal mortality and its spatial distribution.METHODS Ecological study with a sample made up of 845 maternal deaths in women between 10 and 49 years, registered from 1999 to 2008 in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Southern Brazil. Data were obtained from Information System on Mortality of Ministry of Health. The maternal mortality ratio and the specific maternal mortality ratio were calculated from records, and analyzed by the Poisson regression model. In the spatial distribution, three maps of the state were built with the rates in the geographical macro-regions, in 1999, 2003, and 2008.RESULTS There was an increase of 2.0% in the period of ten years (95%CI 1.00;1.04; p = 0.01), with no significant change in the magnitude of the maternal mortality ratio. The Serra macro-region presented the highest maternal mortality ratio (1.15, 95%CI 1.08;1.21; p < 0.001). Most deaths in Rio Grande do Sul were of white women over 40 years, with a lower level of education. The time of delivery/abortion and postpartum are times of increased maternal risk, with a greater negative impact of direct causes such as hypertension and bleeding.CONCLUSIONS The lack of improvement in maternal mortality ratio indicates that public policies had no impact on women’s reproductive and maternal health. It is needed to qualify the attention to women’s health, especially in the prenatal period, seeking to identify and prevent risk factors, as a strategy of reducing maternal death.

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