scholarly journals Building the fashion’s future: How turn textiles’ wastes into ecological building products

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 284-293
Author(s):  
Roberto Giordano ◽  
Elena Piera Montacchini ◽  
Silvia Tedesco
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
New Production ◽  
Working Paper ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Upstream Process ◽  
Physical Performances ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Ecological Building ◽  
Systemic Design

The textile system is one of the most influential production activities at a global level from an environmental point of view, both in relation to the processes that characterize the supply chain and in relation to pre and post-consumer waste. It produces million tons of global greenhouse gas emissions per year and it consumes millions of litres of water; it uses million tons of chemical products. Furthermore, millions of tons of special textile wastes are yearly landfilled in upstream process as well as in downstream process. Less of 1% of materials used to produce clothes becomes part of a closed-loop recycling and less of 2% are recycled in other industrial activities. Changing the textile industrial linear model in a circular one according to Systemic Design principles is advisable, starting from wastes and by-products. As proved in the working paper wastes, due to their properties, can assumed as inputs of new production systems. Particularly the scientific contribution deals with some research activities carried out within a project titled EDILTEX - Innovation for reusing in textile companies. The achievements are described, showing that construction and fashion are fields only apparently far from each other. They can - on the contrary - developing powerful synergies and products with interesting technological and physical performances.

scholarly journals The contribution of the Italian residents in neurology to the COVID-19 crisis: admirable generosity but neurological training remains their priority

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Tassorelli ◽  
Vincenzo Silani ◽  
Alessandro Padovani ◽  
Paolo Barone ◽  
Paolo Calabresi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Training ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Healthcare Management ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Italian Regions ◽  
Training And Research

Abstract Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has severely impacted the Italian healthcare system, underscoring a dramatic shortage of specialized doctors in many disciplines. The situation affected the activity of the residents in neurology, who were also offered the possibility of being formally hired before their training completion. Aims (1) To showcase examples of clinical and research activity of residents in neurology during the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy and (2) to illustrate the point of view of Italian residents in neurology about the possibility of being hired before the completion of their residency program. Results Real-life reports from several areas in Lombardia—one of the Italian regions more affected by COVID-19—show that residents in neurology gave an outstanding demonstration of generosity, collaboration, reliability, and adaptation to the changing environment, while continuing their clinical training and research activities. A very small minority of the residents participated in the dedicated selections for being hired before completion of their training program. The large majority of them prioritized their training over the option of earlier employment. Conclusions Italian residents in neurology generously contributed to the healthcare management of the COVID-19 pandemic in many ways, while remaining determined to pursue their training. Neurology is a rapidly evolving clinical field due to continuous diagnostic and therapeutic progress. Stakeholders need to listen to the strong message conveyed by our residents in neurology and endeavor to provide them with the most adequate training, to ensure high quality of care and excellence in research in the future.

Augmented Reality in der Produktion*/Augmented Reality in production systems – seeing things nobody else can see

2019 ◽  
Vol 109 (03) ◽  
pp. 153-157
Author(s):  
J. Gutjahr ◽  
G. Riexinger ◽  
F. Strieg
Keyword(s):  
Augmented Reality ◽  
Production Planning ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Industrie 4.0 ◽  
Production Operation ◽  
Production Environment ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Fraunhofer Institute ◽  
Manufacturing Engineering ◽  
Planning Production

Das Fraunhofer-Institut für Produktionstechnik und Automatisierung IPA in Stuttgart entwickelt Augmented-Reality-Lösungen für das Produktionsumfeld. Die in diesem Beitrag vorgestellten Arbeiten und Anwendungen sind im „Applikationszentrum Industrie 4.0“ Teil der Showcases Mensch und IT. Abteilungsübergreifend wurden verschiedene Anwendungsbereiche für Augmented Reality in der Produktion erforscht und anwendungsnahe Lösungen entwickelt. Ausgewählte Arbeiten werden im Beitrag getrennt nach den Themenbereichen Produktionsplanung, Produktionsbetrieb, Instandhaltung sowie Montage vorgestellt.   The Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Engineering and Automation IPA in Stuttgart develops augmented reality solutions for the production environment. This article presents research activities and applications that are part of human and IT showcases within the “Application Center Industrie 4.0”. Different areas of application for Augmented Reality in production have been evaluated and application-driven solutions developed. The article presents selected findings in the fields of production planning, production operation, maintenance and assembly.

scholarly journals A multi-analytical approach for the characterisation of the oldest pictorial cycle in the 12th century monastery Santa Maria delle Cerrate

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe E. De Benedetto ◽  
Amedeo Savino ◽  
Daniela Fico ◽  
Daniela Rizzo ◽  
Antonio Pennetta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
Multidisciplinary Research ◽  
South Italy ◽  
Material Characterisation ◽  
12Th Century ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
The University ◽  
Santa Maria

A multidisciplinary research, currently in progress at the University of Salento in collaboration with the Lecce Provincial Museum, interests different artistic expressions widespread in the Salento peninsula (South Italy). In the present study, the characterisation of organic and inorganic materials used in the oldest pictorial cycle found in the 12th century monastery Santa Maria delle Cerrate was carried out thanks to a multi-analytical approach. Previous investigations have focused on the problem of dating the frescoes mainly on the basis of the stylistic aspects and the material characterisation has been definitely underinvestigated. Chromatographic and spectrometric techniques were used: micro-Raman spectroscopy was used for recognising pigments and gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection for analysing organic binders. These techniques enabled us to characterise pigments and binders. The presence of both true fresco and tempera bound pigments was assessed. Among the different pigments detected, the results relevant to the blue paints were interesting: two different blue pigments were, indeed, identified, lapis lazuli and smalt (cobalt blue glass) both unexpected. As a result, Santa Maria delle Cerrate appears to be the first known example of their use in South Italy. From a conservation point of view, moreover, the knowledge of the palette permitted to highlight the reason of observed decay of some paints: for instance, lead white was used in some panels, explaining their blackening.

scholarly journals Redesigning Systems Thinking

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Birger Sevaldson
Keyword(s):  
Strategic Management ◽  
Systems Thinking ◽  
Design Thinking ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Working Paper ◽  
The Core ◽  
Core Competences ◽  
Core Concepts ◽  
Many Core ◽  
Systemic Design

The resent movement of Systemic Design seeks for new synergies between Design and Systems. While the usefulness of systems approaches in design has been fairly obvious, this paper argues that many core concepts in design are beneficial in systems thinking. This seems reasonable when it comes to the concept of Design Thinking. However, as this paper argues, the more practical core concepts of design are equally important. Designerly skills have been regarded as belonging mainly in the realm of traditional commercial design, whereas design thinking has been regarded as useful in strategic management settings. This paper argues against the idea of separating design thinking from design action. The skills and competences of design, such as the composition of the shape and form that are obvious in product design, are central to Systems Oriented Design (SOD). SOD is a version in the emerging pluralistic field of Systemic Design. The Systemic Design movement should recognise the core values of design and integrate them in systems thinking. This integration would contribute to innovation in both Systemic Design and systems thinking. Among the core competences of design discussed in the paper are composition, choreography, orchestration, the notion of the Gesamtkunstwerk and open-ended multi-scalar design strategies that allow for both structural and organic development. The paper provides examples to support its proposal for the use of concrete aesthetic principles to guide Systemic Design processes. This paper expands the working paper entitled “Holistic and dynamic concepts in design: What design brings to systems thinking”, which was presented at the RSD3 symposium (2014). 

scholarly journals Economic and geographical studies at the Pacific Geographical Institute

2021 ◽  
pp. 6-20
Author(s):  
П.Я. БАКЛАНОВ ◽  
А.В. МОШКОВ
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Far East ◽  
Laboratory Staff ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Geographical Research ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
The Far East ◽  
The Pacific

В статье приводится характеристика основных этапов развития экономико-географических исследований в Тихоокеанском институте географии с момента его организации. Выделено 5 этапов и представлены наиболее важные результаты экономико-географических исследований, полученных в лаборатории территориально-хозяйственных структур за 50 лет. Научные направления исследований определялись общими задачами, решаемыми Тихоокеанским институтом географии, в первую очередь это комплексные прогнозно-географические исследования разномасштабных геосистем Дальнего Востока России в контактной зоне «суша–океан». В основу выделения этапов исследований положены изменения тем научно-исследовательской работы лаборатории. Основным направлением в течение большого периода времени было изучение разноранговых территориально-хозяйственных структур Дальнего Востока, географических, в т.ч. природно-ресурсных, и геополитических факторов их развития. Изложены основные результаты, полученные сотрудниками лаборатории на разных этапах, в т.ч. теоретических и методологических исследований географического пространства и разноранговых пространственных систем, географических и геополитических факторов формирования разноранговых территориально-хозяйственных структур, в том числе трансграничных и аква-территориальных, разработки предложений для Программ устойчивого развития регионов, методов исследования производственно-природных отношений в локальных и районных территориально-производственных системах, оценки территориальных сочетаний природных ресурсов, изучения особенностей трансформации территориально-отраслевых структур, районирования территории и прибрежной акватории Дальнего Востока и т.д. Отдельные экономико-географические исследования имеют и большое практическое значение. В первую очередь, это разработанные в лаборатории предложения для Стратегий и Программ социально-экономического развития Дальнего Востока, Приморского края, агломерации Владивостока и других территорий. The article describes the main stages in the development of economic - geographical research at the Pacific Institute of Geography (now Pacific Geographical Institute) since its organization. The authors identified five such stages and presented the most important results of economic and geographical research accomplished in their laboratory of spatial-economic structures for 50 years. Scientific directions of these researches were determined by the general tasks solved by the Pacific Geographical Institute, in first turn, comprehensive forecasting and geographical research of different-scale geosystems of the Far East of Russia in the ‘land-ocean’ contact zone. The selection of the research stages was based on changes in the topics of the laboratory’s research work. For a long time its main topic was in the studies of multi-ranked territorial and economic structures of the Far East, and geographical factors of their development including natural resource and geopolitical ones. The main research activities of the laboratory staff at different stages included theoretical and methodological studies of geographic space and different-ranked spatial systems; geographical and geopolitical factors in the formation of multi-ranked territorial and economic structures, including transboundary and aqua-territorial ones; working out of proposals to the state programs of the sustainable development of regions; methods of researching the productive-natural relations in local and regional territorial-production systems; assessing the territorial combinations of natural resources; studying the features of the transformation of territorial and sectoral structures; zoning the territory and coastal waters of the Far East, etc. Separate economic and geographical studies are also of great practical importance. In first turn, there are proposals developed in the laboratory for strategies and programs of the socio-economic development of the Far East, Primorsky Kray, Vladivostok agglomeration and other territories.

scholarly journals Fatty acids in intramuscular fat of Ile de France lambs in two different production systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 395-403
Author(s):  
Milan Margetín ◽  
Marta Oravcová ◽  
Jana Margetínová ◽  
Róbert Kubinec
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Production System ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Intramuscular Fat ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi ◽  
Fa Composition ◽  
Long Chain

Abstract. The fatty acid (FA) composition in the intramuscular fat (IMF) of the musculus longissimus dorsi (MLD) of Ile de France purebred lambs in two different production systems in Slovakia was evaluated using gas chromatography. In the first production system, lambs and ewes were assigned to pasture without access to concentrates (P). In the second system, lambs and ewes were confined indoors with hay/silage and access to concentrates (S). An analysis of variance with the following factors was employed: production system, sex, and production system–sex interactions. The proportions of arachidonic, eicosapentaeonic, docosapentaeonic, and docosahexaenoic FAs, i.e. long-chain polyunsaturated FA (PUFA), were significantly higher in P lambs (1.83, 0.82, 0.92, 0.29 g 100 g−1 FAME, respectively) than in S lambs (0.45, 0.14, 0.30, 0.09 g 100 g−1 FAME, respectively). The proportions of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), n-6 PUFA, n-3 PUFA, and essential FA (linoleic and α-linolenic) were also significantly higher in P lambs (2.10, 8.50, 4.55, and 8.80 g 100 g−1 FAME, respectively) than in S lambs (0.65, 3.27, 1.50, and 3.64 g 100 g−1 FAME, respectively). The proportions of palmitic acid and myristic acid as important individual saturated FAs (SFA) were significantly higher in S lambs (28.51 and 8.30 g 100 g−1 FAME, respectively) than in P lambs (21.80 and 5.63 g 100 g−1 FAME, respectively). The proportion of all SFAs was also significantly higher in S lambs (57.87 g 100 g−1 FAME) than in P lambs (48.70 g 100 g−1 FAME). From a nutrition and human health point of view (i.e. higher proportions of PUFA, CLA, and essential FAs and lower proportions of SFAs), meat from P lambs was found to be more favourable and would be more highly recommended for consumption.

Screw-Retained Implant-Supported Fixed Dental Restorations: A Rational Method to Overcome Esthetic Issues with the Screw-Access Hole

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Etienne O ◽  
◽  
Waltmann E ◽  
Serfaty R ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Dental Restoration ◽  
Rational Method ◽  
Rational Analysis ◽  
Dental Restorations ◽  
Access Hole ◽  
Functional Point ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Materials Used

Achieving both esthetics and a perfect seal of the screw-access hole in a screw-retained implant-supported fixed dental restoration is a great challenge. From a functional point of view, a perfect seal needs to be obtained to prevent bacterial contamination along the screw access canal and the occlusion shall be addressed. Such a challenging procedure has to be based on a rational analysis of the different materials used. Screw-retained zirconia-based restorations offer a new perspective for esthetic and biocompatible results. The aim of this article is to describe an easy and reproducible clinical procedure to esthetically seal the screw-access hole of screw-retained implant-supported fixed dental restorations.

scholarly journals Phosphorus and Metals Leaching from Green Roof Substrates and Aggregates Used in Their Composition

Minerals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Karczmarczyk ◽  
Anna Baryła ◽  
Joanna Fronczyk ◽  
Agnieszka Bus ◽  
Józef Mosiej
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Green Roof ◽  
Green Roofs ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Batch Tests ◽  
Quality Literature ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Runoff Quality

Green roofs are constructions made of different layers, each serving a dedicated function. Substrates and materials used in their composition are essential from the point of view of rainwater retention and plant development, but they may have an adverse effect on runoff quality. Literature studies show that phosphorus and heavy metals are of main importance. The total roofs area covered with green increased in the last years in cities as they are efficient in retention of rainwater and delaying of the runoff, therefore, protecting the cities against floods. As green roofs filtrate a significant amount of rainwater, materials used in substrates composition should be carefully selected to protect urban receivers against pollution. The aim of this study was to assess phosphorus and heavy metals leaching from different green roof substrates and their components with the focus on green roof runoff quality. Both commercially made green roof substrates and often used compounds (construction aggregates) were tested in laboratory batch tests for P, Cu, Ni, Cd, and Zn content in extracts. Based on the results of this study, it could be emphasized that a large part of commonly used construction aggregates can be a source of phosphorus, some also can release elevated values of nickel. Therefore, the materials should be carefully tested before use in the green roof substrate composition, not only for their physical properties reflecting water retention capacity, but also for chemical composition.

Multidisciplinary Optimization Design for the Section Layout of Umbilicals Based on Intelligent Algorithm

2018 ◽  
Vol 140 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhixun Yang ◽  
Qingzhen Lu ◽  
Jun Yan ◽  
Jinlong Chen ◽  
Qianjin Yue
Keyword(s):  
Optimization Design ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Multidisciplinary Optimization ◽  
Intelligent Algorithm ◽  
Control Functions ◽  
Electric Cables

Umbilicals, which link top floaters and subsea devices, provide control functions through electrical cables and hydraulic remote transmission. These cables are considered the “lifeline” of subsea production systems for offshore oil and gas exploitation. Umbilicals should undertake self-weight and periodic loading during operation because of the severe conditions of the ocean environment. Heat is released to the umbilical body during power transmission in electric cables, which influences the mechanical properties and optical transmission in the cable. However, several sectional arrangements can be applied to a number of umbilical components. Thus, sectional layout design with multiple components should be treated as a multidisciplinary optimization problem. From the mechanical point of view, the umbilical structure should be designed with compact and symmetric layout to obtain an even probability of resistance to loads and reduce structural stress, thereby improving fatigue performance. In terms of thermal effect, these electric cables should be arranged to dissipate heat easily and avoid influence on functional and structural components. This study quantifies compactness, symmetry, and temperature distribution by introducing corresponding indices. A multidisciplinary optimization framework is then established. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) intelligent algorithm is adopted to perform optimization and obtain the optimal solution, which is superior to the initial design. The optimization design strategy is proven effective and efficient by a case study, which provides a reference for umbilical design.

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