University Student Absenteeism

2014 ◽  
pp. 454-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xavier M. Triado ◽  
Pilar Aparicio-Chueca ◽  
Joan Guàrdia-Olmos ◽  
Natalia Jaría-Chacón ◽  
Maribel Peró Cebollero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Student Performance ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
University Student ◽  
Faculty Members ◽  
Empirical Approach ◽  
Interesting Topic ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Performance Profiles ◽  
Student Absenteeism

Work on university student absenteeism is an interesting topic that treats motivation problems and its important consequences, like dropout, but is not easy to measure. In this chapter, the authors make a revision of the concept and an empirical approach to the possible reasons of student absenteeism through multivariate analyses—which the students themselves believe to be justified—and those offered by the faculty members in the case of the authors’ big school (with nine studies and 12,000 students), of the authors’ university (with 70,000 students), in the authors’ country. The analysis was carried out on two samples (1,161 students and 181 professors), which indicates that the reasons offered by each population are not the same. Through a cluster analysis, it is possible to identify six student performance profiles, which sheds some light on understanding this fact and the opportunity to suggest some ways of action.

scholarly journals Empirical approach to the analysis of university student absenteeism: proposal of a questionnaire for students to evaluate the possible causes

2011 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 2281-2288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xavier Triadó-Ivern ◽  
Pilar Aparicio-Chueca ◽  
Joan Guàrdia-Olmos ◽  
Maribel Peró-Cebollero ◽  
Natalia Jaría-Chacón
Keyword(s):  
University Student ◽  
Empirical Approach ◽  
Student Absenteeism

Replicable types and subtypes of personality: Spanish NEO‐PI samples

2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. S25-S41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bettina Boehm ◽  
Jens B. Asendorpf ◽  
Maria D. Avia
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
General Population ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Student Sample ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
German Sample ◽  
Two Samples

Three major personality prototypes were derived on the basis of a Big Five instrument (NEO‐PI) by means of replicated cluster analysis in two Spanish samples (a sample from the general population and a student sample). The replicability of the three prototypes within and their consistency between the two samples were evaluated. In addition, subtypes were analysed in a similar way. Finally, the relation between prototype assignment and level of education was examined in the sample from the general population. Within‐study replicability was satisfactory only for the student sample. Comparison with the results for a similar instrument (NEO‐PI‐R) applied to a German sample showed satisfactory consistency only for the student sample. Discussion centres on the strong sample dependency of the results. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

scholarly journals HIGHER AND LOWER-ORDER THINKING SKILLS: THE CASE OF CHEMISTRY REVISITED

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 467-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgios Tsaparlis
Keyword(s):  
Student Performance ◽  
Lower Order ◽  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Student Assessment ◽  
Thinking Skills ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Twelfth Grade ◽  
Low Performance ◽  
The Individual

This work analyses students’ failure in the 2019 Nationwide Chemistry Examination in Greece, which concerns secondary education graduates, competing for admission to higher education Greek institutions. The distinction of thinking skills into higher and lower order (HOTS and LOTS) is used as a theoretical tool for this analysis. The examination included several questions that contained HOTS elements that had been unusual in previous examinations. This led to a decrease in overall student performance but better discrimination between outstanding and good students. Based on two samples of examination papers, corresponding to very similar subsets of the student population, the 2018 and 2019 examinations are compared, and the individual 2019 questions are evaluated. It was found that section B of the 2019 examination paper (which included contexts unfamiliar to the students, and for which, a large effect size between 2018 and 2019 was calculated) may have caused the large drop. An important link is established between the 2019 low performance and the HOTS and LOTS features of the questions, and the role or non-role of algorithmic calculations is examined. In addition, the critical opinions of chemistry teachers are provided, with a consensus emerging in favour of connecting chemistry with everyday life. Keywords: chemistry examinations, higher-order cognitive skills, higher-order thinking skills, student assessment, twelfth-grade chemistry.

scholarly journals PSIV-B-32 Late-Breaking: Consistency of industry related terminology utilized in assessment questions across instructors of an introductory animal science course

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 324-325
Author(s):  
Kirstin M Burnett ◽  
Leslie Frenzel ◽  
Wesley S Ramsey ◽  
Kathrin Dunlap
Keyword(s):  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Student Performance ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Faculty Members ◽  
Introductory Courses ◽  
Animal Science ◽  
Course Content ◽  
Introductory Course ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Assessment Questions

Abstract The consistency of instruction between various sections of introductory courses is a concern in higher education, along with properly preparing students to enter careers in industry. The study was conducted at Texas A&M University, using an introductory course, General Animal Science, within the Department of Animal Science. This course was chosen due to the utilization of specific animal science industry related terminology within the course content in support of learning outcomes. The study was a quantitative nonexperimental research method that was conducted over a single semester in 2018. General Animal Science is a large-scale course that contains multiple sections, and this study evaluated assessments created by individual faculty members who instructed different sections, Section A and Section B. These sections were selected as they were composed of both animal science majors and non-majors. Section A had a significantly higher (P < 0.001) number of majors versus non-majors than Section B. Assessment questions were collected from all examinations and quizzes distributed throughout the semester and were compiled into a single document for coding. These specific terms were chosen from literature to provide a benchmark for a potential relationship between student performance on questions containing industry related terminology as opposed to those that do not. Comparing the use of specific industry coded terminology in assessment questions yielded no significant difference (P < 0.05) between the two instructors or sections. These findings demonstrate consistent use of benchmarked industry related terminology in assessment questions across multiple sections, irrespective of individual instructor or student major. This provides a necessary foundation for future analysis of student performance.

scholarly journals Multivariate characteristics of selected grass varieties for seed production

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 83-86
Author(s):  
Marzena Iwańska ◽  
Danuta Martyniak ◽  
Marcin Martyniak ◽  
Dariusz Gozdowski
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Plant Resistance ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster Analysis ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Festuca Rubra

Data were obtained in a field experiment carried out at Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute Radzikow (central Poland) in 2009–2011. The aim of this study was a multivariate evaluation of 13 advanced lines and cultivars of Festuca rubra, taking into account traits important in seed production. Eleven traits of the grasses and plant resistance to diseases were evaluated. On the basis of multivariate analyses, i.e. hierarchical cluster analysis and principal component analysis, groups of varieties were separated and described, relationships between the traits were evaluated as well. The traits with the biggest influence on multivariate diversity of examined varieties were correlated with the first principal component i.e. height of plants, seeds yield, growth rate of plants, leaf width and time to beginning of earing.  

scholarly journals Eating Behaviours of British University Students: A Cluster Analysis on a Neglected Issue

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jina Tanton ◽  
Lorna J. Dodd ◽  
Lorayne Woodfield ◽  
Mzwandile Mabhala
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
University Students ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
University Student ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Eating Behaviours ◽  
Fast Foods ◽  
Undergraduate University Students ◽  
Unhealthy Diet

Unhealthy diet is a primary risk factor for noncommunicable diseases. University student populations are known to engage in health risking lifestyle behaviours including risky eating behaviours. The purpose of this study was to examine eating behaviour patterns in a population of British university students using a two-step cluster analysis. Consumption prevalence of snack, convenience, and fast foods in addition to fruit and vegetables was measured using a self-report “Student Eating Behaviours” questionnaire on 345 undergraduate university students. Four clusters were identified: “risky eating behaviours,” “mixed eating behaviours,” “moderate eating behaviours,” and “favourable eating behaviours.” Nineteen percent of students were categorised as having “favourable eating behaviours” whilst just under a third of students were categorised within the two most risky clusters. Riskier eating behaviour patterns were associated with living on campus and Christian faith. The findings of this study highlight the importance of university microenvironments on eating behaviours in university student populations. Religion as a mediator of eating behaviours is a novel finding.

scholarly journals EMPIRICAL APPROACH TO THE COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF SOCIAL ORDERS

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-71
Author(s):  
Anna Andreeva ◽  
Karina Ionkina ◽  
Tamriko Sanishvili
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Open Access ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Empirical Approach ◽  
Social Orders

This article presents the results of an empirical study of the characteristics of limited and open access social orders in terms of North, Wallis and Weingast. The first part of the paper identifies the main features of each type of social orders and provides a comparative analysis of them based on the doorstep conditions. Also, the connection between the theories of social orders and institutions according to Acemoglu and Robinson is considered and a brief overview of research developing the ideas of North, Wallis and Weingast is given. In the second part of the publication an empirical study of social orders is carried out through cluster analysis of international indices that are used as a proxy for the characteristics of social orders. As a result, the classification of countries is performed and those that meet the doorstep conditions for the transition to open access order are identified.

scholarly journals A Multi-Block Multivariate Analysis to Explore the Influence of the Somatic Maturation in Youth Basketball

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Arede ◽  
Irene Oliveira ◽  
Miguel-Angel Ángel Gomez ◽  
Nuno Leite
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Canonical Correlation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Generalized Canonical Correlation Analysis ◽  
Physical Tests ◽  
Performance Profiles ◽  
Status Differences ◽  
Age Category

The aim of this study was to examine the influence of somatic maturation in anthropometric, physical, and game-related variables in youth basketball age groups under-13 (U-13) and under-15 (U-15). One-hundred and eighty-five basketball players performed anthropometrical and physical tests during a non-official youth basketball tournament. Predicted maturity offset (MO) and game-related variables were also analyzed. Cluster analysis was used to analyze the between-maturation status differences in all parameters in each age group. Also, regularized generalized canonical correlation analysis (RGCCA) was used to assess relative contributions of maturational, physical, and game-related variables within each age group. Based on MO, two different clusters were identified within each age category. Greater differences in MO were identified among U-13 clusters than among U-15 clusters. No significant differences were observed between clusters in terms of physical and game-related variables. High correlations between maturational, physical, and game-related variables (i.e., points scored, field goals attempted, and rebounds) were found for boys. In girls, different trends in terms of correlations were observed. The strongest association between blocks was observed between physical tests and game-related variables in all age categories, except for U-15 girls. Knowing and identifying performance profiles according to biological age is of upmost importance since it allows the coach to create challenging situations adjusted to the individual’s needs.

scholarly journals Characterisation of flaxseed cultivars based on NIR diffusion reflectance spectra of whole seeds and derived samples

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 374-382
Author(s):  
Yana Troshchynska ◽  
Roman Bleha ◽  
Lenka Kumbarová ◽  
Marcela Sluková ◽  
Andrej Sinica ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Reflectance Spectra ◽  
Spectral Features ◽  
Important Fatty Acid

Discrimination of yellow and brown flaxseed cultivars was made based on diffusion reflectance FT-NIR spectra of whole seeds. The spectra of flaxseed kernels, hulls, defatted flours, and oils were also measured for comparison. Hierarchy cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA) were used for the discrimination. Multivariate analyses of FT-NIR spectra led to satisfactory discrimination of all flaxseed cultivars of this study mainly according to the nutritionally important fatty acid composition that was confirmed by comparison with the corresponding spectra of flaxseed kernel and oil. By contrast, spectral features of proteins, polysaccharides, and tannins predominated in the FT-NIR spectra of flaxseed hulls and defatted flours.

Two new species of Pterostylis (Orchidaceae; Orchidoideae) from the Sunset Country, Victoria, Australia

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 500 (3) ◽  
pp. 153-165
Author(s):  
NOUSHKA REITER ◽  
WILLIAM KOSKY ◽  
MARK CLEMENTS
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Vegetation Community ◽  
Diagnostic Characters ◽  
Rare Taxa ◽  
Two New Species

In northwestern Victoria, Australia, the Pterostylis (Orchidaceae) section Oligochaetochilus ‘rufa group’ comprises several little studied and poorly collected taxa. We surveyed populations of the rufa group in the Sunset Country, collecting information on the habitat and vegetation community. Fourteen sites were surveyed for plants with affinities to P. biseta and P. exelsa. We measured 23 morphological traits for each of 31 field-collected and seven herbarium specimens from this area. Multivariate analyses were undertaken, with cluster analysis and ordination performed on range-standardised data. Three distinct groups were present in both an ordination and dendrogram, with key diagnostic characters relating to the labellum. These groups were compared against other morphologically similar species of Pterostylis. Our analyses confirmed one of these groups as P. biseta, which is widespread in northwestern Victoria, and two as previously undescribed, putatively rare taxa, described here.

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