The Role of Standards in the Development of New Informational Infrastructure

2014 ◽  
pp. 149-160
Author(s):  
Vladislav V. Fomin ◽  
Marja Matinmikko
Keyword(s):  
Social Organization ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Regulatory Domains ◽  
Time Space ◽  
The Social ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
New Generation

In this chapter, the authors inch towards better understanding of the notion of informational infrastructure and the role of standards in the development of infrastructures in the new information age. Specifically, the authors consider the standardization process as pertaining to informational infrastructure development. They focus on two particular aspects of standardization: temporal dynamics and the social organization. Using Bauman's concept of liquid modernity, the authors argue that standards often become hybrids of solid and liquid modernities linking together different scales of time, space, and social organization. To better illustrate theoretical concepts, they draw on practical examples from the development of informational standards, infrastructures, and services, particularly from the domain of Cognitive Radio Systems (CRS), a new generation of “paradigm changing” communication technologies and services. The aim of this chapter is to offer the scholars of standards and innovation a fresh, non-mainstream perspective on the social and temporal dynamics of standardization and infrastructure development processes, to bring forth new understandings of the complexity of relationships between business, technology, and regulatory domains in the formation of informational infrastructure.

Illness as Work: Human Market Transition

Life Exposed ◽  
2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Petryna
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Social Organization ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Market Transition ◽  
Soviet Economy ◽  
Exclusion Zone ◽  
State Laws ◽  
Family Work ◽  
The Social

This chapter examines the “epidemic” of disability in post-Soviet Ukraine, and more specifically how state laws on the social protection of Chernobyl sufferers have turned suffering and disability into a resource affecting family, work, and social identity. It shows how the line between sickness and health becomes a highly politicized one as traditional forms of Soviet social organization, particularly the labor collective, are being replaced by a new architecture of welfare claims, privileges, laws, and identities. It also discusses the role of the Exclusion Zone in an informal Soviet economy and capitalist transition, as well as the ways in which workers micromanage inflation with a sick role sociality in their everyday lives. Finally, it considers the establishment of medical-labor committees to handle the growing number of disability claims related to the Chernobyl explosion and highlights a city of sufferers where so many individuals have gained their illnesses for life.

The Context of Competition

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Shubik ◽  
Eric Smith
Keyword(s):  
Simple Model ◽  
Social Organization ◽  
The Other ◽  
Historical Contingency ◽  
Organic System ◽  
Material Content ◽  
Economic Behaviour ◽  
Time Space ◽  
The Social ◽  
Great Complexity

This chapter sets the context for the book. We note the purpose of economics should be to describe concepts and models that can be made consistent with sound scientific understanding of the other aspects of life. At a minimum economic behaviour is embedded within the organic system we call the society: it affects extraction, production, utilization, exchange, consumption and disposal of physical entities and services. We consider the main questions about how to contextualize economics. It can be argued that the economy is a mechanism to organize a subset of decisions in a larger highly distributed society. The social organization obeys no simple model of control; its dynamics is often evolutionary at many scales of time, space and material content; and with these it is subject to both historical contingency and great complexity.

Enhancing Scholarly Communication through Research Culture

2017 ◽  
pp. 74-99
Author(s):  
Neeta Baporikar
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Society ◽  
Scholarly Communication ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Research Culture ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Inclusive Approach ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
Society Today

Research is a vital part of the social tapestry of a modern society. It is imperative to find suitable ways to respond to societal priorities. It can be an open-ended enquiry into the essence of phenomena, of who we are, individually and collectively, and of the world we inhabit. It not only enables derived knowledge, but is also a means of preserving, fabricating and resynthesizing existing knowledge and/for creating new knowledge. Apart from that research is a vital pillar of higher education. Moreover, in knowledge society today, research is deemed to be of more value when it rightly augments the economic development processes. Through in depth literature review and contextual analysis, the aim of this chapter is to aid institutions and scholars in recognizing the gains of adapting inclusive approach, suggesting strategies for promoting research culture so as to enhance scholarly communication apart from being a support system in knowledge society, so that the world of academia continues to excel in its role of knowledge creation, knowledge transfer and knowledge dissemination.

scholarly journals EDUCATIONAL SPHERE AS AN IMPORTANT FACTOR OF INNOVATIVE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Олена Василівна Гаращук ◽  
Віра Іванівна Куценко
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Social Stability ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Public Consumption ◽  
The Social ◽  
Environmental Goals ◽  
Transformation Processes

Relevant theoretical and methodological, methodical, and practical issues of the role of education in ensuring sustainable development and achieving social stability under the transformation processes in Ukraine and the world are considered. It seems essential, as nowadays there are many new threats in our country, which require the identification of factors that may affect them, and primarily in terms of mitigation. In this regard, studying the problems associated with identifying and disclosing the factors that positively and negatively affect the growth of social stability and sustainable development, in particular factors of social and production, innovation and technological, natural and technogenic character under the deep transformation processes, is carried out. Among the factors that characterize and determine a socially stable environment, the factors of the population size, the level of urbanization, and the state of the industrial and social infrastructure development are of great importance. At the same time, the interaction of various factors plays an important role. Their dynamism, efficiency, and harmonization facilitate this. This should be the goal of state policy to achieve interaction between the processes of public consumption and the restoration of natural resources at a harmonious balance of economic, social, and environmental goals and needs, ensuring the overcome of both external and internal threats. In achieving sustainable development, special importance belongs to the educational sphere, which is an important factor in ensuring social stability. At the same time, special attention in the context of the educational sphere as a factor exerting a critical influence is paid to innovative technologies, human and other types of capital. Within the framework of studying various aspects of the educational sphere, practical approaches to the development of the social policy directed on the successful decision of modern problems of development of civilization are also considered.

scholarly journals Evolution in Visual Communication of the Javanese Printed Wedding Invitations

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 315
Author(s):  
Diah Kristina ◽  
Nur Saptaningsih
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Social Organization ◽  
Social Phenomenon ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Brunei Darussalam ◽  
The Social ◽  
Values And Beliefs ◽  
Social Document ◽  
Host Evolution

Printed wedding invitations have been one of the most crucial aspects in the social organization among many countries like Brunei Darussalam, Iran, Egypt, and Persia. Javanese people also pay special attention to this social document as it represents social class, social status, prestige, and fnancial support allocated by the host. Evolution of printed Javanese wedding invitations represent social and economic pressures. The diasporic communities who were absent to earn a living brought a noticeable change by setting up the bride’s parents’ photographs in the invitations. 15 invitation texts were selected ranging from 1980 – 2017 used in Tawangmangu, Wonogiri and Sukoharjo, the eastern part of Central Java, Indonesia. There was a consistent regularity in terms of rhetorical structure. Functionally, the invitations have the same role of inviting prospective guests to share happiness in a more family-bound relationship. Inclusion of parents’ photographs, map of the location, pre-wedding photos, wise words, calendar, the profle of the couple were indicators of transformation taking place. Later, the printing decision of the invitations is pretty much customer-driven informed by the customers’ needs, values, and beliefs. Rhetorically the materialistically-driven social phenomenon was shown by an explicit gifts desired.

Role of Social Media in Social Protest Cycles: A Sociomaterial Examination

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monideepa Tarafdar ◽  
Deepa Kajal Ray
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Theoretical Concept ◽  
Social Protest ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Relational Ontology ◽  
The Social ◽  
Empirical Context ◽  
Protest Activity

Contemporary social media fueled social protest is self-organized, rapidly dynamic, and decentralized, constitutes vast populations, and is shaped by multiple and concurrent channels of information flows. Such protest activity is captured in the concept of social protest cycles, which are short periods of intense and contentious protest activity characterized by temporal dynamics, a large repertoire of protest action, confrontation and potential violence, and possible institutional action. Social protest cycles are the microfoundations of long-term social movements. They contain the seeds of potential societal transformation because their intense collective action can be constructively harnessed toward change. This paper examines the role of social media in social protest cycles. Drawing from the theoretical concept of sociomaterial assemblages, we conceptualize the social media enabled social protest cycle as an assemblage having social (e.g., people, elected leaders, police, judges) and technical (e.g., social media applications, online petition applications) components. We analyze how the social protest cycle transforms through performative intra-actions. The empirical context for the study is a social media enabled social protest cycle that emerged after a fatal rape incident in New Delhi, India. Data pertaining to the social protest cycle over the period December 17–25, 2012, were collected from social media activity on Twitter, Facebook, YouTube, online blogs, and newspaper websites. Through mixed methods analysis we identify three intra-actions, consolidation, expansion, and intensification, and theorize how they transform the social protest cycle over time. The paper contributes to the information systems literature that studies social media–enabled social protest action. As theoretical contributions, it develops (1) the notion of intra-actions as organizing mechanisms and (2) a relational ontology for social media–enabled social protest action. Through these contributions, we suggest that the power of social media lies in its socially produced and emergent relationships with other entities in the social protest cycle.

Role of Infrastructure Development to Empower Women

2018 ◽  
pp. 906-924
Author(s):  
Indrani Basu
Keyword(s):  
Social Processes ◽  
Development Programme ◽  
The Other ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Actual Impact ◽  
The Social ◽  
Infrastructure Services

A modern economy is market focused. It is held that when a woman becomes a participant in the market on her own term as a rational economic agent she is empowered in an economic sense. It does not take into account the other spectrums of empowerment viz. gender political, cultural and like. A nation's infrastructure provides the basic scaffolding for development. The differences in how men and women use infrastructure services have important implications for sector policies, investment priorities, and program designs. This chapter will analyse how the infrastructure development programme as an economic process assist women to enhance capability of them within society and how its actual impact is mutually constituted by other non-economic social processes and make it an over determined matter. Our study has shown that adequate access of the social infrastructure services has fetched benefits for women and ensures empowerment of women.

Neoclassical Modernity

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-47
Author(s):  
Kevin M. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
The Social ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Late Ottoman

This chapter details the engagement of Iraqi poets with the Arab Nahda of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. It provides a brief account of the social role of poetry in late Ottoman Iraq and a survey of the neoclassical poetry revival in Egypt and Syria. The chapter shows how Iraqi poets used the Nahda press to articulate their own relationship to modernity and reveals how new appreciations of the singularity of Iraq’s poetry tradition inspired proto-nationalist conceptions of Iraqi culture. Finally, the chapter examines the efforts of a new generation of young Najafi poets to promote the pioneering role of their own Najafi predecessors and reconstruct the historiography of the Arab Nahda for a broader Arab audience in the early twentieth century.

The Role of Territoriality in the Social Organization of Harris' Hawks

The Auk ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 108 (3) ◽  
pp. 661-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. William Mannan
Keyword(s):  
Social Organization ◽  
The Social

Money Order? The Discursive Construction of Bretton Woods and the Making and Breaking of Regulatory Space

1994 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 1861-1890 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Leyshon ◽  
A Tickell
Keyword(s):  
Political Institutions ◽  
Social Power ◽  
Discursive Construction ◽  
Economic Discourse ◽  
Bretton Woods ◽  
Making Sense ◽  
Time Space ◽  
The Social ◽  
Money Order

In this paper we analyse the ‘ordering’ of the international financial system in the 20th century, focusing upon the making and breaking of ‘Bretton Woods’. We argue for a more reflective, reflexive, and historical economic geography and for the need to take economic discourse seriously. This argument is developed by providing two accounts of the rise and fall of the Bretton Woods System. The first of these accounts is drawn from regulation theory, the second from neo-Gramscian political economy. These alternative accounts of the creation of the Bretton Woods System, and of the later reactions to its crisis, focus attention upon the central role of economic discourse in ordering economic processes in general and financial processes in particular. In making sense of the making and breaking of Bretton Woods, regulationist and neo-Gramscian approaches have afforded greater importance to issues of discursivity and have been more attentive to matters of money and finance. These developments are seen to be constituent of one another. The world of money is increasingly one of interpretative power struggles, where competing sets of scripts and discourses conjure up alternative plausible ‘orderings’ of the economic world. Moreover, the speed at which the discursive world of money and finance transforms itself continues to accelerate, so that the time—space horizons of the financial world are now at odds with those of conventional political thinking and of extant political institutions. This ontological disjuncture signifies an important imbalance between the social power of financial capital and those who would wish to bring about a ‘reordering’ of the economic world in favour of less powerful social groups.

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