Implications of the Proposed Communication Service Tax Bill on the Socio-Economic Development of Nigeria

2018 ◽  
pp. 22-46
Author(s):  
Benjamin Enahoro Assay
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Legislative Process ◽  
Communication Service ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Communication Services ◽  
National Assembly ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Nigerian Government ◽  
The Government ◽  
Financial Gains

This chapter describes how the decision of the Nigerian government to introduce a Communication Service Tax Bill to the National Assembly to compel consumers of certain communication services to pay a 9 percent tax has pitted the government against major stakeholders in the ICT sector who are concerned about the future of the industry. While the government wants the legislative process regarding the bill to go on because of the financial gains that will accrue to it monthly, the stakeholders want it jettisoned for fear that it would impact negatively on the ICT sector and the economy, which is currently in recession. This chapter wades through the controversy by presenting the various positions canvassed by stakeholders and points the way ahead for the sector, which is fast becoming the hub of economic activities in Nigeria, to harness its full potentials for the overall benefit of the Nigerian society.

Challenges of accountability and development in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 387-402
Author(s):  
Oluwatoyin Augustina Matthew ◽  
Abiola Ayopo Babajide ◽  
Romanus Osabohien ◽  
Anthonia Adeniji ◽  
Olabanji Olukayode Ewetan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Developmental Process ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Distributed Lag ◽  
Nigerian Government ◽  
The Government

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the challenges of accountability and development in Nigeria. In the literature, corruption is seen as an indicator of a lack of political accountability in most countries of the world, especially in less developed countries such as Nigeria. The Nigerian Government has taken several actions to address the problems of bad governance and corruption that have impeded economic development, but unfortunately these measures have not yielded the desired results. Design/methodology/approach Thus, this study examined accountability and developmental issues in Nigeria using secondary data and then made use of the auto-regressive distributed lag econometric technique to analyze the data. Findings The results from the study found that a rise in total government expenditure poses a danger of reducing Nigeria’s economic development in the long run and that control of corruption and political (the institutional variables) has a direct and significant effect on Nigeria’s economic development. Originality/value Therefore, upon these findings, this paper recommended that for Nigeria to experience development, corruption should be eliminated, and the Nigerian Government should spend on viable projects and economic activities that will be beneficial to the populace and the society at large and hence bring about economic development. Accountability is the hallmark of a prudent government that ensures efficient management of resources and transparency in the utilization of funds by the government. The absence of accountability mechanism allows corruption to thrive, which hinders the developmental process.

Living on a low income as a systemic impediment to socio-economic development of Ukraine

2020 ◽  
pp. 99-109
Author(s):  
NATALIIA TOLSTYKH
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Social Welfare ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
Subsistence Level ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
The Government

The article sheds light on various approaches that seek to determine how widespread poverty and life on a low income are in Ukraine nowadays. As a social phenomenon, poverty has traditionally been associated with destitution and living below the subsistence level set by the government. However, the author holds the view that life on a low income not only means living near or below the poverty line. There is another part of Ukraine’s population that should also be considered needy — those whose income is less than twice as the subsistence level, and most of them are also subject to socio-economic deprivation. Drawing upon the findings of a social survey conducted by the Institute of Sociology of the NAS of Ukraine in 2019, the paper analyses the standard of living among different income groups. Particular attention is given to consumption patterns and social well-being of respondents in the lower income brackets. From the data, it can be inferred that living conditions of many Ukrainians are inadequate to sustain and develop human potential; furthermore, the low-income households have literally to struggle every day to make ends meet. The author brings into focus the main macroeconomic factors contributing to this situation and its adverse effect on the nation’s social potential. Some of the most common social consequences of living on a low income have been identified, such as limited consumption, a person’s dissatisfaction with life and his/her position in society. The above-mentioned survey also provides the estimates of how much the current subsistence level (with regard to Ukraine) should be. Having been made by different socio-demographic and occupational groups of Ukraine’s population, these estimates are a useful source of information — given that subsistence level is considered the basic social standard. According to the survey, all these figures are at variance with the official subsistence level, which is noticeably lower, and this indicates that the current subsistence level needs an upward revision. Today, the overall socio-economic situation in Ukraine is unfavourable for neoliberal economic reforms initiated by the government. Since these policies are primarily designed to reduce the role of state in managing the economy and implementing social welfare programmes, following this path will inevitably result in the entrenchment of mass poverty and in a major loss of Ukraine’s human potential, as well as labour force. The author argues that tackling the country’s chronic low income problem is only possible if a new strategy for socio-economic development is adopted, where social welfare is prioritised.

scholarly journals Applications of the Method of Statistical Equations of Dependences for Assessment of Correlation between Economic Phenomena when Justifying Management Decisions

2017 ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
R. О. Kulynych
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Social Life ◽  
International Comparisons ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Management Decisions ◽  
Technology Sector ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Economic Trends ◽  
Effective Use

Studies devoted to economic activities of business enterprises are aimed at finding correlations between various factors and indexes of effectiveness, outlining tendencies, developing economic standards and forecasting. The sustained socio-economic development in Ukraine can be ensured by creating stable market relations through attracting and effective use of foreign investment, deeper integration of industry and science & technology sector, expanding foreign economic activities and more effective utilization of the resource capacities at regional level. This raises the importance of statistical analysis allowing for quantitative and qualitative assessment of the phenomena and processes underlying socio-economic trends in regions, for ranking of the country’s regions and ranking of countries in international comparisons. As a consequence, statistical support becomes increasingly import ant for justifying and making of management decisions on socio-economic development . A statistical approach to justification of management decisions, including socio-economic programs, is developed by use of the method of statistical equations of dependences. Key theses of the method of statistical equations of dependences, developed by Professor O. Kulynych, are set out. This method is extensively used in Ukraine and beyond. It enables for quantitative assessment of correlations and tendencies of phenomena and processes in nature and social life. The main tasks dealt with by the method of statistical equations of dependences are solving direct and inverse problems; finding the intensity of the factors’ impact on the dependent variable; constructing graphs of multiple correlations and finding the weight of a selected factor; analysis of functional dependences and correlations; analytical computations on the basis of numerous and not numerous sets of input data. The main equations of the method that can be solved by software are linear, parabolic, hyperbolic and logical functions, of which a researcher can select the appropriate ones to study a process on the basis of the available parameters and criteria with use of comparison ratios.

MODELING OF THE DEMOGRAPHIC AND LABOR POTENTIAL OF THE RYAZAN REGION IN THE CONTEXT OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT PROBLEMS

2020 ◽  
pp. 29-43
Author(s):  
Vadim A. Bezverbny ◽  
◽  
Sergey V. Pronichkin ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Labor Force ◽  
Population Aging ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
Sex Structure ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Regional Product

The article is devoted to the assessment and forecasting of demographic indicators, gross regional product, employment, labor force and unemployment by industry in the Ryazan region until 2025-2050. The article analyzes the trends in the demographic development of the Ryazan region, including the dynamics of fertility, mortality and migration. The consequences of population aging and the peculiarities of changes in the age and sex structure of the region's population are also considered. To solve the problem of modeling and forecasting, economic and mathematical models have been developed that include the parameters of socio-economic development. The social component is based on a systematic approach to forecasting employment, depending on the anthropogenic load index, which takes into account life expectancy and standard of living, literacy of the population, crime rate, ecological state and other indicators of socio-economic development of the region. The economic component uses econometric analysis by types of economic activities in the Ryazan region, as well as time series analysis to predict employment in both the medium and short term. In terms of the labor market, the labor force is forecasted taking into account the socio-economic effect of hidden unemployment. In conclusion, forecasts are made about the dynamics of unemployment in the Ryazan region and the influence of demographic factors on the formation of the labor force.

Demographics and personnel – key problems of the Far East and Transbaikalia /

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 140-147
Author(s):  
A. Tomskikh ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Far East ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Natural Movement ◽  
Growing Economy ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Far Eastern

The article analyzes demographic problems and closely related issues of personnel shortage, which are critically important for the accelerated socio-economic development of the Far East and Transbaikal region in particular. Today, as in the past decades, there is no clear understanding of the solution of these issues in the country, moreover, there is no reliable assessment base that allows to understand the depth of the problems, their localization at the regional and municipal levels and the factors involved in the development of effective management decisions at all levels of government. Therefore, in order to develop a state policy for accelerated socio-economic development of the regions of the Far East, it is necessary to determine priorities that will be appropriately evaluated by the population through its natural movement and migration behaviour. After all, the stabilization of the population of the Far East, and its growth in the future (taking into account the tasks of the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation), is a task that should be solved primarily as a geopolitical one. Current mechanisms in the form of state programs: “Far Eastern hectare”, “Personnel support for the economy of the Far East”, “Development of the education system”, “Promotion of the Far East for work and life”, “Far Eastern mortgage” – do not work as effectively as intended. It is necessary to review the approaches to reformatting the region’s economy as a “new industrialization”, with the experience of the Stolypin reforms of the tsarist government and the Soviet era in the 70s of the twentieth century, but on other innovative principles. China demonstrates this quite well, including the Northern provinces. Their experience of reforms, for example in education, indicates a need to change the control system, expressed in the subordination of the majority of vocational schools at the provincial level, which enabled more productive to go to the formula “school- market and the government” and solve those huge human resource challenges faced by a growing economy

Energy, Environment and Socio-Economic Development

2012 ◽  
pp. 226-242
Author(s):  
Divine Odame Appiah ◽  
Francis Kemausuor
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Environmental Consequences ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Food Shortages ◽  
Main Driver ◽  
Energy Environment ◽  
Sub Saharan

This chapter espouses the spatial relationships between energy, environment and socio-economic development, as some of the main challenges African countries are grappling with. Energy is the main driver of all forms of socio-economic activities occurring within the human space over time. In Africa, however, low access to energy has, to a greater extent, hampered the socio-economic development of the continent. Although the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) do not specifically stipulate on any energy target, the realization of all the goals stands threatened if households, commercial and industrial activities do not get the rightful access in terms of availability and affordability to energy systems, including their appropriate conversion technologies. The authors explore the dynamics of energy, socio-economic development and environmental sustainability in a nexus of the triple challenges facing Africa, from different African scenarios. In Africa, the obstacles opposing the continent’s bid to expand the energy frontiers from the traditional sources of wood and fossil fuels into other second and third generation energy forms have been constructed in the areas of intense competition for arable lands for food crops and feed stocks cultivation. Suffice to say that increasing population densities, food shortages and insecurity and malnutrition with associated diseases have culminated into acute forms of poverty in recent years in Africa; the problems have been aggravated by the wanton degradation of the environmental resource base and the over-dependence of particular energy mix at both the rural and the urban settings. The above disposition therefore, militates greatly against the socio-economic efforts of most countries in sub-Saharan Africa. From a systemic perspective, the energy sector which drives almost every sub-sector of the broader socio-economic activity needs to factor the environmental consequences of extraction and use, with the attending impacts of climate variability and change in a vicious cycle of sustainability.

scholarly journals Utjecaj proračunskog zakona na upravljanje državom u uvjetima razvoja digitalnog gospodarstva

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 17-27
Author(s):  
Imeda Tsindeliani ◽  
Olga Gorbunova ◽  
Elena Matyanova ◽  
Kirill Pisenko ◽  
Oksana Palozyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Network Management ◽  
Management Model ◽  
Budget Control ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
The Government ◽  
Role Of The Government ◽  
Rule Making

The subjects of this study are the effectiveness of budget innovations in the field budgetary rule making and the role of the government in shaping fiscal policy in a digital economy. The article makes a case for new approaches to budget formation, for the enhanced use of budgetary levers to boost socio-economic development in the context of global digitalization. In order to make the influence of social informatization on economic development more effective, the economy has to move to a flat (network) management model. The problems of budget control are analyzed

scholarly journals РОЗВИТОК ТУРИЗМУ ЯК ОДИН ІЗ ПЕРСПЕКТИВНИХ НАПРЯМІВ ПОДОЛАННЯ МАКРОЕКОНОМІЧНИХ ПРОБЛЕМ КРАЇНИ В УМОВАХ ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЇ СУСПІЛЬСТВА

2014 ◽  
pp. 140-143
Author(s):  
І. І. Шупик
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Economic Situation ◽  
The Public ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Обґрунтована важливість туристичної галузі якодного з перспективних напрямів вирішення широкогокола макроекономічних проблем у період трансфор-мації суспільства, що дозволить стабілізувати соці-ально-економічну ситуацію у країні й поліпшити які-сні характеристики життя населення. Визначеніпровідні напрями впливу туристичної діяльності нарозвиток країни та причини, що їх обумовлюють.Наголошується, що досягнення поставлених цілейбуде можливим лише за умови послідовних і відпові-дальних дій влади, її постійної взаємодії з громадські-стю, бізнесом. Proved the importance of the tourism industry as one of the promising directions of solving a wide range of macroeconomic problems in the period of transformation of society, which will allow stabilizujace socio - economic situation in the country and to improve the quality characteristics of living. Defined major directions of the impact of tourism activities on socio-economic development of the country and the reasons for their cause. Emphasized that the achievement of goals is possible only if a consistent and responsible actions of the government, its constant interaction with the public, business.

scholarly journals Bicameralism in Lesotho: A review of the powers and composition of the second chamber

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoolo 'Nyane
Keyword(s):  
Prime Minister ◽  
Legislative Process ◽  
Parliamentary Democracy ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
National Assembly ◽  
Parliamentary System ◽  
History Of ◽  
Considerable Controversy ◽  
The Government ◽  
Meaningful Role

ABSTRACT Lesotho has a bicameral parliamentary system based on the British model. While the National Assembly is clearly a representative House elected by the citizenry, the purpose, structure and legislative powers of the Senate as the Second Chamber have been a matter of considerable controversy throughout the history of parliamentary democracy in the country. The National Assembly generally has the upper hand not only in the legislative process but also in the broader parliamentary system - it chooses the Prime Minister, it places its confidence in the government and it can withdraw such confidence. The fact that the model generally gives the National Assembly the upper hand is a matter of common cause. What is in question, though, is the nature and extent of the limitation of the powers of the Senate in terms of the Constitution. This article investigates this question and contends that the composition of, and restrictions on, the Senate need to be reviewed in order to enable the Chamber to play a meaningful role in Lesotho's parliamentary democracy . Key words: Constitution of Lesotho, Bicameralism, Senate, National Assembly, Powers of the Second Chamber

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