Enhancing Competitiveness of Public Utilities in Nigeria

2018 ◽  
pp. 240-252
Author(s):  
Emmanuel O. Oritsejafor
Keyword(s):  
Electric Power ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
The State ◽  
Public Utilities ◽  
Power Sector ◽  
Holding Company ◽  
The Poor

The poor performance of the state owned electricity company the National Electric Power Authority (NEPA), has provided the impetus for the establishment of the Power Holding Company of Nigeria (PHCN). However, despite the power sector reforms in Nigeria the country has continued to face massive challenges in the generation and distribution of electricity.

Power sector reforms in Nigeria: opportunities and challenges

2007 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 52-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
O.I. Okoro ◽  
E. Chikuni
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Federal Government ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Power Sector ◽  
Holding Company ◽  
The Past ◽  
Transmission And Distribution ◽  
Reducing Energy

Constant power supply is the hallmark of a devel-oped economy. Any nation whose energy need is epileptic in supply, prolongs her development and risks losing potential investors. Nigeria, a country of over 120 million people, has for the past 33 years of establishment of the National Electric Power Authority (NEPA) agency empowered with the elec-tricity generation, transmission and distribution, wit-nessed frequent and persistent outages. Presently, the federal government has embarked on power sector reforms with the intention of improving the above unpalatable scenario and in turn reduce the scope of monopoly control of the nation’s power industry. This paper therefore looks at the overall power sector reforms as well as evaluates the opportunities and challenges there from; while advocating introduction of a demand side manage-ment (DSM) program by Power Holding Company of Nigeria (PHCN) as a way of reducing energy con-sumption among customers with emphasis on ener-gy conservation, energy efficiency and load man-agement.

scholarly journals A RESPONSABILIDADE CIVIL DO ESTADO FRENTE AOS ABUSOS SEXUAIS OCORRIDOS NO TRANSPORTE PÚBLICO: UMA ANÁLISE TEÓRICA E SOCIAL DA INFLUÊNCIA DA CULTURA PATRIARCAL NO ESPAÇO PÚBLICO

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (210) ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
THAINA DE ARAUJO SILVA ◽  
Jhessica Larissa Carvalho Sarath
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Public Service ◽  
Service Provider ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
The State ◽  
The Public ◽  
Patriarchal Culture ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Essential Service

The present article deals with the cases of sexual abuse that occur in public transport, resulting from the patriarchal culture rooted in society, as well as the poor performance of the State in offering a public service, without guaranteeing its quality. Based on this situation, it is analyzed how the patriarchal and sexist culture is present in society and how the State is silent on public measures and policies that are in fact effective in guaranteeing the safety of women in the public space. Thus, it is concluded that for such a scenario to be solved or at least improved, there is a greater participation of the State as an essential service provider and policies with the objective of eradicating inequality of gender. This research uses the following methodology classified as: deductive, exploratory, with a monographic research, from a qualitative perspective.

scholarly journals Restructuring State-owned Enterprises of a State Government of India: Problems, Prospects, and Lessons Learnt

2011 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 47-60
Author(s):  
Suvendu Bose
Keyword(s):  
Poor Performance ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
The State ◽  
Positive Contribution ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Regular Feature ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Lessons Learnt ◽  
Financial Restructuring

Poor performance has become a regular feature of the state-owned manufacturing enterprises in spite of their having experienced workforce, old brand reputation, etc. Most of them have fallen into a vicious cycle due to their prolonged poor performance. The problem starts with the poor working capital position, leading to high raw material cost and uncompetitive final product pricing. This leads to the generation of a very low investible surplus. Not having investible surplus has forced the state-owned manufacturing companies to a financial situation where they are facing severe dearth of capital. The age-old plant and machineries coupled with outdated technology used for production face severe problem under the dearth of capital condition and the manufacturing units become incapable of generating sufficient investible surplus. Lack of modernization of machinery and upgradation of people skills lead to constraints in producing value-added product which have both market demand as well as the potential for greater contribution than the regular product. Therefore, the manufacturing companies continue to perform poorly, without any product-mix diversification. The poor operational performance also gets reflected in their financial performance. Despite having positive contribution at operating margin before direct labour, most of the state-owned manufacturing companies are incurring losses at Earning Before Interest, Tax, Depreciation and Amortisation (EBITDA) level, even under the best-case scenario, mainly because of huge amount of employee cost. This paper suggests two solutions for these manufacturing companies — restructuring and disinvestments. The financial restructuring of the state-owned enterprises has become a unique programme in the country having the following key features: Broad political consensus has been arrived at on the financial restructuring programme. Unique and extensive stakeholder consultation process has been adopted to facilitate buy-in of staff associations and unions on restructuring proposals Innovative framework and principles have been established for: categorization of enterprises early retirement scheme for employees Social Safety Net programme financial restructuring transparent and competitive bidding process with in-built safeguard A Public Enterprises Cell has been created for guiding the restructuring efforts. Impact of government's budgetary resources is seen in reduction of the State loan exposure to the tune of around Rs.344 crore, primarily through conversion of loans to equity. Impact on performance of enterprises identified for restructuring is reflected in the reduction in aggregate net loss to the tune of around Rs. 67.5 crore. Further improvement of the state-owned enterprises has been recommended based on the lessons learnt during the process of financial restructuring. It is believed that opportunities do exist for widening the scope of the programme.

scholarly journals Analysing the performance of public enterprises in Namibia: A challenge for the practice of public administration?

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 96-109
Author(s):  
Ralph Marenga
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
National Development ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
The State ◽  
Public Enterprises ◽  
Performance Targets ◽  
Accountability Measures ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Government

Public enterprises (PEs) are important instruments through which governments implement various national development objectives. A majority of PEs in Namibia face criticism on their inability to meet performance targets. These PEs are poorly managed and are a constant financial burden to the state. The degree of state acceptability through its public administrative processes as influenced by PE performance has been problematised as having a bearing on the trust and confidence of the public in the government. A qualitative paradigm was followed in analysing PE performance and its challenges for public administration in Namibia. The current text finds that poor accountability measures, financial burden on the state, procurement anomalies and the proliferation of corruption as some of the underlying causes for the poor performance of a majority of PEs in Namibia. This status quo erodes the public’s trust in the ability of the government to manage PEs. The study found a great contradiction in the relationship that exists between the government as a shareholder with the leadership of most PEs as relating to the crux of the agency theory. This study centrally recommends the robust implementation of existing legislation to redress the poor performance of PEs and its challenges for public administration.

Application of Electricity Federalism in Nigeria: Drawing Inspiration from America

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-243
Author(s):  
Eti Best Herbert
Keyword(s):  
Fiscal Federalism ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Electricity Sector ◽  
Legal Capacity ◽  
Power Sector ◽  
United State ◽  
The Poor

This paper examines the theory and practice of electricity federalism in the Nigerian federation. Although Nigeria is an American-styled federal entity, its practice does not reflect the true principles of federalism as practiced in America. Nigeria's electricity sector is a reflection of its imperfect practice of federalism. The effect is felt in the poor performance of the electricity sector, especially off-grid undertakings. Thus, this study turns to the practice of electricity federalism in the United State of America as a model federalist system from which Nigeria can draw inspiration towards a better practice of electricity federalism. Evidence from America demonstrates how fiscal federalism led to a robustly developed power sector. It is argued that, although constituent states of Nigeria have the legal capacity, they lack the wherewithal to develop robust off-grid electricity undertaking under the current federalist system. Hence, political restructuring that would ensure fiscal federalism is needful in Nigeria.

scholarly journals La construcción de confianza Estado-policías-comunidad, un problema de diseño institucional/ Constructing Trust on State-Police-Community relationships, a problem of Institutional Design

2017 ◽  
pp. 126
Author(s):  
Basilio Verduzco Chávez
Keyword(s):  
Police Officers ◽  
Institutional Design ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
The State ◽  
Police Legitimacy ◽  
Change Processes ◽  
Target Populations ◽  
Building Trust ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Different Levels

Este artículo presenta una lectura de la situación de inseguridad en la que se destaca la incapacidad del Estado para integrar soluciones organizacionales e institucionales que proporcionen seguridad a los agentes de los cuerpos policiales, ayuden a construir relaciones de confianza entre policías y sociedad, incrementen la legitimidad de las actuaciones policiales y, en consecuencia, reduzcan los índices de criminalidad observados. Se analiza la experiencia mexicana para estudiar la falta de confianza y el pobre desempeño de la policía como resultados de fallas de diseño institucional. Los problemas de diseño institucional persisten debido a errores de interpretación de la racionalidad de los actores y de los procesos de cambio social registrados en el país, malos diagnósticos de los problemas de seguridad, problemas al distinguir entre estructuras de implementación y poblaciones objetivo, al diseñar políticas públicas que forman parte de una estrategia de soberanía graduada que ofrece protección desigual a los ciudadanos.ABSTRACTThis article presents an interpretation of insecurity, highlighting the lack of capacity of the State to integrate organizational and institutional solutions aimed at providing protection to police officers, building trust on police-society relationships, increasing police legitimacy and, therefore, reducing crime rates. Based on the analysis of the Mexican experience, this article looks at the lack of trust and the poor performance of police corps, consequences of institutional design failures. Such failures persist due to erroneous readings of actors´ rationalities and social change processes observed in the country, poor diagnostics of security problems, and confusion of implementation structures and target populations in public policies that integrate a graduated sovereignty strategy through which the state offers different levels of police protection to its citizens.

The Roma in Post-Communist Bulgaria: Growing Social Marginalization and State Policies

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Yorgos Christidis
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Hate Crime ◽  
Hate Speech ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
State Policies ◽  
Social Marginalization ◽  
Popular Support ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
The Poor

This article analyzes the growing impoverishment and marginalization of the Roma in Bulgarian society and the evolution of Bulgaria’s post-1989 policies towards the Roma. It examines the results of the policies so far and the reasons behind the “poor performance” of the policies implemented. It is believed that Post-communist Bulgaria has successfully re-integrated the ethnic Turkish minority given both the assimilation campaign carried out against it in the 1980s and the tragic events that took place in ex-Yugoslavia in the 1990s. This Bulgaria’s successful “ethnic model”, however, has failed to include the Roma. The “Roma issue” has emerged as one of the most serious and intractable ones facing Bulgaria since 1990. A growing part of its population has been living in circumstances of poverty and marginalization that seem only to deteriorate as years go by. State policies that have been introduced since 1999 have failed at large to produce tangible results and to reverse the socio-economic marginalization of the Roma: discrimination, poverty, and social exclusion continue to be the norm. NGOs point out to the fact that many of the measures that have been announced have not been properly implemented, and that legislation existing to tackle discrimination, hate crime, and hate speech is not implemented. Bulgaria’s political parties are averse in dealing with the Roma issue. Policies addressing the socio-economic problems of the Roma, including hate speech and crime, do not enjoy popular support and are seen as politically damaging.

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