Intermediates of Open Innovation in the Aquaculture Industry

2019 ◽  
pp. 203-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Ramos ◽  
Pedro Pousão Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Knowledge Transfer ◽  
Open Innovation ◽  
Protein Production ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Know How ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Social And Cultural Factors

Aquaculture appears to be the most adequate and logical way to suit the protein production problem. Basically, because unlike fisheries that are highly unpredictable, aquaculture rearing is based upon production protocols. This chapter developed an argument supporting the above rationale. As it stands, the evidence suggests that with the current use of information technology, it becomes a common practice to exchange aquaculture knowledge between firms, research bodies, or non-governmental organizations. The interaction between the whole set of stakeholders, where a broad range of know-how and intermediate products and services are developed, generates innovation. Sharing know-how creates open innovation. Open innovation, by its turn, seeks efficiency and generates more sustainable production processes. The way knowledge transfer is delivered and its trends are dependent upon dimensions such as economic, social, and cultural factors.

Enhancing Information Services through Public-Private Partnerships

2013 ◽  
pp. 15-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seok-Jin Eom ◽  
Jane E. Fountain
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Transfer ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Success Factors ◽  
Institutional Arrangements ◽  
Information Services ◽  
Public Private Partnerships ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Shared Information

What are e-government success factors for using public-private partnerships to enhance learning and capacity development? To examine this question, the authors developed a comparative case analysis of the development of the Business Reference Model (BRM), a national-level e-government initiative to promote shared information services, in the U.S. federal government and the Korean central government. The results indicate institutional arrangements deeply affect the outcomes of knowledge transfer. The study shows that private sector partners in both countries played various roles as “brokers” of information technology (IT) knowledge between government and the private sector by: raising awareness of the necessity of the BRM; providing best practices; developing pilot projects; and developing implementation strategies. However, the study finds that the two countries took entirely different approaches to working with non-governmental organizations in BRM development with implications for project success and lessons for e-government success. The study is meant to deepen understanding of the embeddedness of public-private partnerships in institutional contexts and the implications of such institutional arrangements for knowledge sharing on e-government success. The study examines knowledge transfer in the context of similarities and differences in partnership structures across two advanced industrialized countries with leading roles in e-governance.

scholarly journals The Norwegian industry-led scheme restricting marketing of unhealthy food and beverages to children

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
B Øvrebø ◽  
A Helleve
Keyword(s):  
Food Industry ◽  
Unhealthy Food ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Regulatory Scheme ◽  
Know How ◽  
Food And Beverages ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Age Range

Abstract Issue The Norwegian food industry has implemented a self-regulatory scheme to restrict the marketing of unhealthy foods and beverages to children under the age of 13 years. In the period 2014-2019, the scheme has treated 77 complaints and made 126 assessments of planned marketing campaigns. Description The aim of the evaluation was to explore perceptions of the scheme through interviews with stakeholders from the industry, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and health authorities. Further, a survey among parents (n = 1117) with children under the age of 16 years was completed to map opinions on marketing of unhealthy foods and beverages to children. Results The stakeholders had different views of the scheme, where the industry was positive, while the NGOs had mostly critical views. The dispute relates mainly to the content of the scheme's code and guidance, and less to the practice of the scheme's committee. NGOs and health authorities argue that older children should be covered by the scheme, whereas the industry opposes this. However, the scheme specifies to take precautions when marketing to adolescents below 16 years. More than 40 percent of parents are worried that their child is excessively exposed to marketing of unhealthy foods and beverages and report that it affects their child. About one-third of the parents had heard about the scheme. Lessons The possibility of having an assessment of planned marketing campaigns is a strength; however, there are still disagreements concerning the scheme's code and guidance. To make complaints, consumers need to know how, complicating supervision. However, parents experience that children are exposed to marketing of unhealthy foods and beverages and support regulations protecting them from such marketing. Key messages The industry, NGOs, and authorities have different views about the scheme. Disagreement applies mainly to the age range that should be protected from marketing of unhealthy foods and beverages.

E-Waste: Strategies for Optimizing Sustainable Computing

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Priti Rajvanshi ◽  
Rashmi Trivedi Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Knowledge Transfer ◽  
Empirical Evaluation ◽  
Environmentally Conscious ◽  
Know How ◽  
Reliable Knowledge ◽  
Infrastructure Services

Information Technology era is where the life revolves around computer and its infrastructure services. There are some benefits of computers that are enormous, ranging from reliable knowledge transfer to availability of information anytime, anywhere, making it everyone’s genie. But this genie brings along a number of other issues which are concern for all. The paper focuses on practical techniques and strategies to encourage environmentally conscious manufacture, use of information technology and know-how to convert E-Waste to the Best. The analysis and empirical evaluation of each reported technique is given with a comparison of each in terms of their environmental impact.

Context and consciousness: Documenting evidentials

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianne Mithun
Keyword(s):  
Social Factors ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Comparable Data ◽  
Single Task ◽  
Know How ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Knowledge States ◽  
Social And Cultural Factors ◽  
Source Of Information

AbstractA domain pertinent to knowing in interaction is evidentiality, but documenting evidential markers can be challenging. Among methodologies, direct elicitation and questionnaires offer the advantages of efficiency and cross-linguistically comparable data. They can, however, miss markers that are below the level of speaker consciousness, as well as significant discourse and social factors. Experimental tasks can provide cross-linguistically comparable data complete with discourse context, and in some cases evidence of the role of differential knowledge states of participants. A single task might miss genre-specific markers, however. Documentation of extensive unscripted speech in a variety of genres, much of it interactive, can provide a foundation for identifying the full sets of markers to be investigated and for uncovering functions beyond specifying the source of information. Insights from speakers can then take us further, potentially shedding light on subtle circumstances underlying choices among alternatives, particularly those reflecting social factors. But we need to know how to listen. Effective collaboration depends crucially on recognition of the variability of speaker consciousness of the markers. If this is kept in mind, speakers can serve as important co-analysts, scouting through their lifetime experiences to provide hypotheses about the contexts in which alternative constructions would be appropriate, meanings they can add, and social and cultural factors influencing their use. Resulting hypotheses can then be tested against the documented material and refined until they account well for the data. These points are illustrated with material from Central Pomo, indigenous to California.

scholarly journals Street Children in Ukraine

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garrett Todd Pace
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Life Experiences ◽  
Street Children ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Police Harassment ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations

As Ukraine transitions to a market economy and undergoes the process of globalization, street children number in the tens of thousands. They are drawn to the streets by various economic, political, and cultural factors such as extreme poverty, adverse life experiences, family deterioration, and orphanhood. Street children in Ukraine are at high risk of HIV infection, police harassment, abuse, violence, and negative mental health outcomes. Efforts thus far have been through legislative, preventative, and rehabilitative endeavors by governmental and non-governmental organizations. This article explores the issue of street children in Ukraine and outlines recommendations for future action and policy.

scholarly journals People With Vulnerabilities To Cyclone In The Coastal Area Of Bangladesh: An Overview

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 80-91
Author(s):  
Abdul Karim Gazi
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Coastal Area ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Vulnerable People ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Purpose of the study: Cyclone is a common disaster in Bangladesh because of affecting the coastal area almost every year. The intention of this paper is to explore the vulnerability to cyclone and the possible way of mitigating vulnerability in the coastal area of Bangladesh. Methodology: This study is a content analysis of qualitative research and has been conducted on the basis secondary data, collected through content analysis and historical method of data collection on the basis of title and objectives. Main findings: Only socio-economic factors aren’t responsible for making and rising vulnerability in coastal areas, rather physical, environmental, geographical setting and cultural factors are responsible. Besides, after cyclone there are various problems to take proper steps, the author has discussed a process of emergency action after cyclone and argued that the collaboration between government and NGOs can mitigate vulnerability. Applications of the study: This study is useful for them who want to know about vulnerability to cyclone in the coastal area of Bangladesh and the Governmental and Non-governmental organizations. Originality of the study: The author has concluded that this study will help to take step to reduce vulnerability to cyclone and to whom who would like to help to vulnerable people of the coastal area of Bangladesh and study on vulnerability.

un Mediators’ Collaboration with Scholars and Expert ngos: Explaining the Need for Knowledge-Based Communities in Today’s Conflicts

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elodie Convergne
Keyword(s):  
Communities Of Practice ◽  
Epistemic Community ◽  
Clear Distinction ◽  
Support Unit ◽  
Know How ◽  
Internal Conflicts ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Peace And Conflict

unmediators work more and more closely with academics and expertise-based non-governmental organizations, in particular through the Mediation Support Unit. The Organization appears to genuinely rely on them to conduct mediation and to strengthen its capacity in the area, to the point where it is sometimes difficult to operate a clear distinction between the two types of actors. This article analyzes why the practice of mediation today creates a demand for such expertise-focused cooperation. Beyond the need for flexibility and additional resources, the explanation lies in the prevailing feeling of uncertainty caused by today’s internal conflicts, for which the traditional state-centric lens is becoming irrelevant. In this context, theunrelies on knowledge produced by an epistemic community of peace and conflict scholars, and is embedded in a network of nongovernmental mediators with which it exchanges know-how, following the logic of communities of practice.

Non-governmental organizations as key partners in mental health in Europe

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (01) ◽  
pp. 27-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Baumann
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Mental Health Policy ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Health Action ◽  
Health Action Plan

SummaryThe shift towards a rights-based approach to health which has taken place over the past decade has strengthened the role of civil society and their organizations in raising and claiming the entitlements of different social groups. It has become obvious that non-governmental organizations (NGOs) are central to any successful multi-stakeholder partnership, and they have become more recognized as key actors in health policy and programme development and implementation. There is a broad spectrum of NGOs active in the area of mental health in Europe which aim to empower people with mental health problems and their families, give them a voice in health policy development and implementation and in service design and delivery, to raise awareness and fight stigma and discrimination, and foster implementation of obligations set by internationally agreed mental health policy documents. With the endorsement of the Mental Health Action Plan 2013-2020 (20) and the European Mental Health Action Plan (19) stakeholders agree to strengthen capacity of service user and family advocacy groups and to secure their participation as partners in activities for mental health promotion, disorder prevention and improving mental health services.

Challenges to immigrant associations and NGOs in contemporary Greece

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 342-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Apostolos G. Papadopoulos ◽  
Christos Chalkias ◽  
Loukia-Maria Fratsea
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Geographical Range ◽  
Legal Form ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Migrant Integration ◽  
Concentration Patterns

The paper explores the challenges faced today, in a context of severe economic crisis, by immigrant associations (ΙΜΑs) and Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) in Greece. The data analysed here was collected between October 2009 and February 2010 and incorporates references to all recorded migration-related social actors operating in Greece. The paper takes into account such indicators as legal form, objectives, financial capacity and geographical range of activity, concluding with a typology of civil society actors dealing with migration issues. This study aims at informing the migration policymaking and migrant integration processes. By a spatial hot-spot clustering of IMAs and NGOs, we also illustrate the concentration patterns of civil society actors in Greece.

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