Total Dispersion

2008 ◽  
pp. 291-302
Author(s):  
Toru Higuchi ◽  
Marvin Troutt
Keyword(s):  
Production Process ◽  
Product Design ◽  
Early Adopter ◽  
Manufacturing Facility ◽  
Total Dispersion ◽  
Global Demand ◽  
Manufacturing Facilities

In the middle of the standardized stage, the severe competition in the market promotes the total dispersion of the manufacturing facilities. Various types of companies, such as leading companies, followers, and cost cutters, can exist in the same market because of the advancement of the product design and the production process invites newcomers and enables them to compete with others equally. It is natural that an appropriate strategy differs based on the company type. All types of consumers, the extreme innovator, the innovator, the early adopter, the early majority, the late majority, and the laggard, also exist in the market in this stage. Although their preferences are different, they, in particular the late majority and the laggard, want the price to fall. In addition, the demand grows globally. To respond to the consumer’s request and the global demand, the total dispersion of the manufacturing facility advances globally.

scholarly journals Resources, Production Scales and Time Required for Producing RNA Vaccines for the Global Pandemic Demand

Vaccines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Zoltán Kis ◽  
Cleo Kontoravdi ◽  
Robin Shattock ◽  
Nilay Shah
Keyword(s):  
Production Process ◽  
Messenger Rna ◽  
Vaccination Campaign ◽  
Vaccine Dose ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Production Scale ◽  
Working Volume ◽  
Global Demand ◽  
The Impact

To overcome pandemics, such as COVID-19, vaccines are urgently needed at very high volumes. Here we assess the techno-economic feasibility of producing RNA vaccines for the demand associated with a global vaccination campaign. Production process performance is assessed for three messenger RNA (mRNA) and one self-amplifying RNA (saRNA) vaccines, all currently under clinical development, as well as for a hypothetical next-generation saRNA vaccine. The impact of key process design and operation uncertainties on the performance of the production process was assessed. The RNA vaccine drug substance (DS) production rates, volumes and costs are mostly impacted by the RNA amount per vaccine dose and to a lesser extent by the scale and titre in the production process. The resources, production scale and speed required to meet global demand vary substantially in function of the RNA amount per dose. For lower dose saRNA vaccines, global demand can be met using a production process at a scale of below 10 L bioreactor working volume. Consequently, these small-scale processes require a low amount of resources to set up and operate. RNA DS production can be faster than fill-to-finish into multidose vials; hence the latter may constitute a bottleneck.

The managerial issues related to transferring shop floor knowledge in manufacturing relocation

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (11) ◽  
pp. 1389-1416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mette Praest Knudsen ◽  
Erik Skov Madsen
Keyword(s):  
Shop Floor ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Manufacturing Facility ◽  
Managerial Practices ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
International Production ◽  
Time Gap ◽  
Manufacturing Facilities ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the specific practices of management in the dispatching unit and to identify mechanisms for supporting transfer of shop floor knowledge embedded in operating manufacturing equipment. Design/methodology/approach – The paper applies an inductive and a case study approach for exploring three empirical cases that represent different manufacturing facility relocation processes and differences in the applied managerial practices. Findings – The paper identifies two important gaps in international production literature when firms relocate equipment to other sites; a time gap (from dismantling to re-assembly of production facilities) and a space gap (from the current to the new site abroad). These gaps are important for understanding why relocation processes are difficult and what management can do to facilitate such processes. Practical implications – The paper identifies four issues that management faces in the dispatching context when relocating manufacturing facilities. Originality/value – The paper gives new insights to a limited literature of shop floor knowledge transfer when relocating manufacturing facilities.

Review of Life Cycle Theories

2008 ◽  
pp. 30-54
Author(s):  
Toru Higuchi ◽  
Marvin Troutt
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Facility Location ◽  
Product Life Cycle ◽  
New Product ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Product Cycle ◽  
Product Life ◽  
Manufacturing Facility ◽  
Manufacturing Facilities ◽  
Industrial Life Cycle

In this chapter, we discuss the life cycle theories related to the business. The concept of the life cycle has been widely used in marketing. The Product Life Cycle (PLC) is the most well-known one, in which the time is divided into four stages based on the change of sales. It is expanded by combining it with the study of the various consumer types. Other life cycles have been developed from the viewpoint of the innovation and manufacturing facility location. The advancement of technology is the driver for the diffusion of a new product. Sometimes it obsoletes a category of products. The location of manufacturing facilities changes according to the market and technology condition as Product Cycle Theory demonstrates. A concept of the industrial life cycle and a linkage between the life cycle and SCM also are argued in this chapter.

How to Establish Digital Thread Using 3D Factory

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holey Ajay ◽  
Alandikar Shashank
Keyword(s):  
Product Design ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Process Planning ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Shop Floor ◽  
Manufacturing Facility ◽  
Digital Twin ◽  
Manufacturing Process Planning ◽  
Isolated Systems ◽  
Factory Layout

Abstract In a manufacturing assembly line scenario, factory layout is one of the most crucial information used by manufacturing, facility and factory automation engineers for planning purposes. It is important for manufacturing, facility and operations team to work with most up-to-date layout when product, process and operational information on the shop-floor is constantly changing. There are four elements which governs availability of a real-time layout, these are nothing but Product Design, Manufacturing Process Planning, Layout Planning and Shop-floor. The layout must accommodate these changes coming from product design, process updates and shop-floor modifications on real-time basis so that there is no confusion amongst the stakeholders while referring layout data for their planning purpose. If we talk about the impact on the layout because of product design and process design, it is hardly managed real-time due to the isolated systems to manage these data. The integration of product, process and plant (PPP) is becoming crucial to facilitate collaboration and shrink new product introduction lead time where as real-time update from the shop-floor changes is expected in the era of digital transformation. One of the reasons why the integration of product, process and plant (PPP) does not happen is multiple isolated systems used to maintain this data, there are also challenges to feed data back from the shop-floor because of the non-availability of the thread between these objects. The paper is about how factory layout can be developed integrating product, process and plant (PPP) in a single dynamic environment and establish a digital thread between the product design, manufacturing process planning and factory layout to trigger real-time changes and facilitate digital twin of the factory. The methodology adopted here is to develop bill of material for manufacturing resources and align it with the product data management. This approach not only provides ability to maintain change control over resource objects but also helps in configuration management of the resource bill of material. The resources are grouped together as layout structure for the plant with each object required to manufacture the product. The detailed layout developed for the plant while integrating with product and process is used to establish connection with objects on the shop-floor through sensors and IOT (Internet of Things) devices to form digital twin. Such details added in layout which is So far there are no efforts to digitalize every information on the factory floor and able to generate Digital Twin of the factory by connecting physical objects with the digital objects. Paper will elaborate the approach to establish digital thread between PPP and how this can become foundation to drive digital twin of the factory.

scholarly journals The Development of Home Decorative Vetivers Seat Cushion

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosjana Chandhasa
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Capital ◽  
Production Process ◽  
Product Quality ◽  
Product Design ◽  
Welded Joints ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Production Improvement ◽  
Seat Cushion ◽  
High Level

The aims of this study were: 1) to create a home decorative vetiver seat cushion. 2) To evaluate the received product design (the home decorative vetiver seat cushion), as well as the development process, which covers the research and trial-production improvement by cooperating with vetiver handicraftsmen; furthermore, its procedures consisted of: 1) searching for cultural capital in order to be an inspiration in product design; 2) experimenting to develop the product; 3) summarizing the development procedures; and 4) presenting the result of developed handcraft vetiver sitting-pad model on the following. 1) The identity of handicraftsman community: it should be investigated from the aspect of cultural capital represented by the earthenware shape as well as fabric pattern, 2) the delicate figure and pattern, 3) the usability: the design, size and proportion are suitable and easy to use, 4) the vetiver leaf and production process: the leaves should be tough, strong and hard to be torn; moreover, regarding weaving and finishing the rim, it should be done neatly without visible welded joints, and also 5) the product quality: each part is assembled fixing by leather, inside of the product is attached by cloth as well as filled with leftover fabric. Besides, the sewing should be considerably emphasized the strength to carry weight. In addition, the overall assessment of handcraft vetiver seat cushion model is at a high level.

Customer Requirements Capture for Product Development: Framework and Method

2010 ◽  
Vol 102-104 ◽  
pp. 885-889
Author(s):  
Fei Gao ◽  
Gang Xiao ◽  
Yuan Ming Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Product Development ◽  
Production Process ◽  
Product Design ◽  
Control Parameters ◽  
Customer Requirements ◽  
Development Framework ◽  
Requirements Gathering ◽  
Bottle Neck ◽  
Theory Framework ◽  
Three Phases

Although QFD is powerful for translating customer requirements to control parameters of product design and production process, how to capture and understand requirements rapidly, accurately and economically so that the products can deliver themselves of customers is still a bottle-neck. This paper proposes a theory framework for capturing customer requirements. First, the problem for customer requirements capture is formalized. Second, three phases including requirements gathering, requirements mapping and requirements evaluating are advanced, and a method named iterative arithmetic to determine the weights of requirements is also developed. Finally, the proposed methodology is effectively demonstrated in an instance of requirements capture for reading lamp of computer.

Design for Facility Over the Internet: A Case Study With Automotive Connecting Rod Designs

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khurshid A. Qureshi ◽  
Kazuhiro Saitou
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Parametric Design ◽  
Complete System ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Concept Design ◽  
Connecting Rod ◽  
Manufacturing Facility ◽  
Manufacturing Facilities

Abstract This paper introduces a new methodology called ‘Design for Facility over Internet (DFF)’. This methodology provides an Internet-based environment for designers to perform manufacturability analysis of product designs with respect to the capabilities of existing manufacturing facilities, upfront into the design process. In the current work, only fixturing (machining datums) capabilities of a manufacturing facility are considered. A prototype DFF system for an automotive connecting rod, is developed. The system enables the designers to design the connecting rods by considering the fixturing (datums) capabilities of existing manufacturing facilities upfront at the concept design stage. The complete system implementation will also enable the manufacturers of connecting rods to create and update the database of their capabilities over the Internet. The DFF system analyzes the parametric design with respect to the fixturing capabilities and generates suggestions for a designer, to modify his design if required, to fit the capabilities of specified facilities.

scholarly journals Redesain Meja Cetakan Mesin 3D Printer Berbasis Fused Deposition Modelling

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Sally Cahyati ◽  
Dhifan Putra Mulianto
Keyword(s):  
Production Process ◽  
Product Design ◽  
Industrial Technology ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
3D Printer ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Modelling Method ◽  
Product Dimension

Mesin 3D printer adalah mesin pembuat suatu model 3D. Metode mesin 3D printer yang digunakan pada Fakultas Teknologi Industri Universitas Trisakti adalah metode FDM (Fused Deposition Modelling). Diketahui adanya ketidak stabilan pada meja cetakan mesin 3D printer pada saat proses produksi dilakukan. Ketidak stabilan meja cetakan mesin 3D printer, menyebabkan tidak maksimalnya produk yang dihasilkan. Terdapat perbedaan antara hasil produk dengan bentuk produk yang telah di desain sebelumnya. Setelah diteliti lebih lanjut, ketidak rataan pada meja disebabkan pada pengaturan meja cetakan yang kurang sesuai. Hasil dari redesain dapat menstabilkan meja cetakan dan memudahkan untuk melakukan kalibrasi dan pengaturan pada meja cetakan mesin 3D printer. Hal ini terbukti ketelitian dimensi produk hasil cetakan yang meningkat dari penyimpangan terbesar 0,037 mm menjadi 0,069 mm, yang diukur dengan proyektor profil yang mempunyai kecermatan 1 mikrometer. 3D Printer Machine is a 3D shaped model making machine. The method of 3D printer machine used by the faculty OF Industrial Technology of Trisakti University is FDM (Fused Deposition Modelling) method. There is known unevenness on the build plate of 3D printer machines during the production process. The unevenness that appears on the objects makes the build plate used by the 3D printer engine unstable. This causes the product to be produced not maximal. There is a difference in shape between product results and previous product design. After further investigation, the unevenness of the table was caused by the improper arrangement of the printed table. The results of the redesign will stabilize the print table and make it easier to calibrate and adjust the print table of the 3D printer machine. This proven that precision of product dimension increase from 0,037 mm deviation to 0,004 mm, its measured with a profile projector has 1 micrometer resolution.  

Life Cycle Considerations for Supply Chain Strategy

2005 ◽  
pp. 67-89
Author(s):  
Toru Higuchi ◽  
Marvin D. Troutt ◽  
Brian A. Polin
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Production Process ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Location Strategy ◽  
Supply Chain Strategy ◽  
Manufacturing Facilities

The goal of this chapter is to propose a framework for the dynamics of supply chains from a life cycles point of view. It is inevitable for supply chains to be affected by the life cycles of the product. There are three important interrelated life cycles that have effects on the dynamics of supply chains and are associated with the product. These are: (i) the innovation (Abernathy & Clark, 1983), (ii) the market (Kotler, 1999), and (iii) the location (Vernon, 1966). The first life cycle related to the innovation illustrates how the product and production process progress. It gives us a hint to consider the feasibility of the location dependent on the degree of innovativeness of the product. The second one related to the market clarifies the marketing objectives in each stage. It suggests the reasonable location strategy. The last one related to the location proposes the relation between the product and the reasonable location of the manufacturing facilities. It is operational because it considers the timing and the reason to shift the manufacturing facilities. In this chapter, we discuss the mission and structure of the supply chain in the different stages of these life cycles. We illustrate the proposed framework using the case of the VCR.

scholarly journals Customer participation in new product development: an Industry 4.0 perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hafiz Muhammad Naeem ◽  
Eleonora Di Maria
Keyword(s):  
Product Development ◽  
Production Process ◽  
Product Design ◽  
New Product Development ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
New Product ◽  
Customer Participation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Italian Manufacturing Firms ◽  
Design And Production

PurposeThe use of modern technologies of the fourth industrial revolution, commonly known as “Industry 4.0” (I4.0), is believed to have considerable potential for product customisation. In this context, this paper aims to explore whether or not using these technologies impacts customer participation (CP) in a firm's new product development (NPD) process.Design/methodology/approachTo empirically test the proposed relationships, the authors collected the North Italian manufacturing firms' data and applied regression analysis.FindingsEmpirical results indicate that, on the one hand, the technologies have their specific and individual impacts, and on the other hand, the firms which use more I4.0 technologies allow more customer participation in their product design and production process. This positive impact is more robust in product design than in the production process.Practical implicationsManagers aiming to benefit from CP should broaden the scope of adopting I4.0 technologies and consider different roles concerning the design and production phases of the new product development process. Recognising the importance and allowing CP in NPD will enable firms to meet the customised demands.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors' knowledge, the proposed relationships of this study have been extensively debated theoretically in the I4.0 context but never empirically tested before. It is one of the few studies which discusses the strategic adoption and the combined use of I4.0 technologies to create more opportunities for product customisation.

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