Behavioral Aspects in Strategic Transformation of Organizations

2011 ◽  
pp. 122-148
Author(s):  
Purnendu Mandal
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Organizational Transformation ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
Behavioral Issues ◽  
It Systems ◽  
It Managers ◽  
Behavioral Aspects ◽  
Day To Day Operations ◽  
Business Requirements

Since behavioral and cultural factors play a major role in organizational transformation, IT managers must understand both the business requirements and human behavioral aspects in implementing large scale IT systems. This chapter stresses on behavioral issues, particularly how human behavior impacts on transforming organizations through implementing large IT systems such as ERP systems. The current business environment is forcing IT managers to use more and more “collective thinking power,” generated by team activities, to make strategic decisions, or even to run day-to-day operations. Here we focus on broader issues managed through people’s cooperation and efforts.

Charting a Course in the 90’s: From Field Measurement to Management Information Systems

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greg J. Chudiak ◽  
Mike Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Control Systems ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Information Access ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Application Architecture ◽  
Business Requirements

What’s new in the pipeline industry in terms of field automation and information systems technology? What impact are these technologies having on the business environment and how will they affect the way we do business in the future? How can we leverage these technologies to support the demanding business requirements of today and tomorrow? The paper takes a quick look back at the origin of the first field control systems and office automation. Through a chronological progression we arrive at what’s on the leading edge of information technology today. Based upon current architectures we identify how systems are implemented and some of the issues affecting the integration of field and office information systems. From small scale compressor control systems to large scale pipeline information systems we look at the informational requirements and how systems currently implement the required functionality. Within the business environment we examine the need for corporate-wide information access. Considering both operational and business/economic levels, we identify some of the key informational requirements for the effective operation and management of a pipeline. Based upon a corporate-wide information access model and current business and technology trends, we present an enterprise application architecture that would meet the operational and business requirements of a pipeline company. Finally, the paper takes at look at some of the business and management issues associated with implementing new information technology. It offers some basic guidelines on helping managers reduce the risks and ultimately deliver successful projects for their company.

scholarly journals Strategic resources and smallholder performance at the bottom of the pyramid

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Olthaar ◽  
Wilfred Dolfsma ◽  
Clemens Lutz ◽  
Florian Noseleit
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Agricultural Economics ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Bottom Of The Pyramid ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Strategic Resources ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Resource Based Theory

In a competitive business environment at the Bottom of the Pyramid smallholders supplying global value chains may be thought to be at the whims of downstream large-scale players and local market forces, leaving no room for strategic entrepreneurial behavior. In such a context we test the relationship between the use of strategic resources and firm performance. We adopt the Resource Based Theory and show that seemingly homogenous smallholders deploy resources differently and, consequently, some do outperform others. We argue that the ‘resource-based theory’ results in a more fine-grained understanding of smallholder performance than approaches generally applied in agricultural economics. We develop a mixed-method approach that allows one to pinpoint relevant, industry-specific resources, and allows for empirical identification of the relative contribution of each resource to competitive advantage. The results show that proper use of quality labor, storage facilities, time of selling, and availability of animals are key capabilities.

Development of Composite Indicators of Cyclical Response in Business Surveys

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 24-41
Author(s):  
L. A. Kitrar ◽  
T. M. Lipkind
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Early Response ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Economic Behavior ◽  
Retail Trade ◽  
Composite Indicators ◽  
Business Activity ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Current Output

The article proposes a new set of composite indicators-predictors in business tendency surveys, which allow identifying early information signals of a cyclical nature in the economic behavior of business agents. The main criterion for the efficiency of such indicators is their sensitivity to a cyclical pattern and changes in the dynamics of statistical referents. Property such as a statistically significant lead in time series or earlier publication allows them to be combined into indicators of early response. The composite Business Activity Indicator (BAI) in the basic sectors of the Russian economy is calculated by the authors for the first time based on the results of regular (monthly and quarterly) business surveys of Rosstat for 1998–2020 with a large-scale coverage of sampling units. In 2020, the number of survey respondents averaged about 20,000 organizations of all sizes. The index reflects the «common» profile in the dynamics of short-term fluctuations of the key parameters of the economic environment, which consists of the «balances of opinions» of respondents to the questions unified for all sectoral surveys and connected with the reference quantitative statistics with cross-correlation coefficients that are statistically significantly different from zero, with a lead at least one quarter. This is its main difference from the well-known indices of economic sentiment and entrepreneurial confidence. The main components of the BAI are the new composite indices of real demand, current output, real employment, total profits and economic situation. They aggregate the relevant «order» statistics for the basic sectors of the national economy, including the main kinds of industrial activities, retail trade, construction, and services.The article provides a methodological substantiation and an extended procedure for identifying the BAI components; their composition is formed for the entire set of retrospective results of business tendency monitoring in Russia. A new Aggregate Economic Vulnerability Indicator with a counterdirectional profile and varying degrees of symmetry of its dynamics relative to the short-term movement of the BAI is being introduced as the main limitation of business activity. Proactive monitoring of emerging vulnerabilities in the business environment is necessary to warn their large-scale accumulation, prevent the risks of economic downturns and ensure the highest possible macroeconomic stability. This integrated approach makes it possible to determine the novelty of the proposed measurements of short-term cyclical fluctuations in economic development.

scholarly journals PROBLEMS OF NATIONAL LANGUAGE FUNCTIONING WITHIN BUSINESS COMMUNICATION

2020 ◽  
pp. 100-106
Author(s):  
Piven N.M.
Keyword(s):  
Language Acquisition ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Language Skills ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
National Language ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Language Functioning ◽  
Low Level ◽  
State Language

Мета роботи – дослідити проблеми функціонування державної мови в сучасному бізнес-просторі, оскільки відомо, що тривалий час представники приватних бізнес-компаній нею майже не послуговувалися; відповідно до цього було поставлено завдання: сформулювати основні етапи опанування української мови як державної для фахівців зазначеної категорії осіб.Методи. У дослідженні використано теоретичні методи (аналіз стандартів і стану функціонування державної мови в різних галузях господарства); ретроспективний аналіз власного педагогічного досвіду з організації й проведення навчальних занять; емпіричні – педагогічні спостереження, тестування й спеціальні завдання для діагностичного зрізу рівня знань працівників бізнес-сфери; статистичні методи для кількісного та якісного аналізу отриманих емпіричних та експериментальних даних.Результати. З’ясовано, що тема функціонування державної мови в бізнес-сфері залишається малодослідженою. Мате-ріалом послугувала практична мовна діяльність групи слухачів одного з приватних підприємств. Проаналізовано загальну характеристику слухачів, рівень володіння державною мовою перед навчанням і після, розроблено шкалу оцінювання рівня мовних навичок. Зазначено, що в російськомовному середовищі серед представників великого й малого бізнесу виникають труднощі стосовно україномовної комунікації, спричинені низьким рівнем мовленнєвих умінь і навичок, відсутністю необхід-ної лексичної бази, наявністю суржику й росіянізмів тощо.Висновки. У результаті навчального процесу було визначено основні етапи опанування української мови як державної. Заува-жено, що важливе місце в підготовці слухачів належить мотиваційному та базовому етапам; надано методичні рекомендації сто-совно їх мовної підготовки. Доведено, що навіть при низькій мовній базі, але за умови високої мотивації можна досягти достатньо-го рівня мовленнєвих знань, умінь і навичок для подальшої професійної діяльності й комунікації державною мовою. The purpose. The objective of the article is to study the problems concerning state language functioning within current business environment. It is known that for a long period of time representatives of private businesses have hardly ever used it. It caused the necessity to define the basic stages of Ukrainian language acquisition as a state one by professionals in business sphere.Methods. The set of scientific methods are applied in the article: theoretical (analysis of standards and status of state language functioning in different economical spheres); retrospective analysis of own pedagogical experience in educational process organization and training sessions; empirical (pedagogical observations, testing and special sessions to detect the level of expertise among business sphere representatives; statistical methods (qualitative and quantitative analysis of empirical and experimental data received).Results. It is found that the issue of state language functioning in business sphere is still poorly investigated. Practical activity by the employees of a private enterprise is served as a ground for this study. General characteristic of trainees, their level of state language acquisition before and after training is analysed, and the evaluation scale of language skills level is developed. It is noted that in Russian-speaking environment representatives of large-scale and small-sized businesses face a lot of challenges while communicating in Ukrainian, caused by low level of language skills, lack of necessary basic vocabulary, existence of surzhik (mixed Russian-Ukrainian dialect) and russicismes (use of Russian words instead of Ukrainian ones).Conclusions. The educational process resulted in defining the main stages of Ukrainian acquisition as a state language. It is emphasized that it is motivational and basic stages that play the important role in preparation of trainees which led to developing methodical recommendations concerning state language acquisition. It is proved that in spite of a low level of language improved motivation helps business people achieve sufficient level of language knowledge and skills for further professional activity and communicating in state language.

Forecasting GDP Growth Considering Crisis Shocks Based on Business Survey Results

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 80-95
Author(s):  
L. A. Kitrar ◽  
T. M. Lipkind ◽  
N. A. Usov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
Economic Agents ◽  
Macroeconomic Information ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Business Survey

The article analyzes the short-term effects of aggregate economic sentiment on the expected GDP growth in Russia based on the results of regular large-scale surveys of business activity of the Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat) for the period 1998–2021. The main purpose of the study is to substantiate the predictive value of the opinions of economic agents in expanding macroeconomic information, especially during crisis periods. The authors aggregate quarterly information for the analyzed period on 18 indicators of surveys with a sample of about 24,000 organizations in basic kinds of economic activity and 5,000 consumers in all Russian regions in a composite economic sentiment indicator (ESI). Then, a statistical analysis of the time series of ESI and GDP growth is carried out, including the identifcation of the integrability order with testing for stationarity and the presence of causality between indicators. The authors prove the possibility of using a vector autoregression (VAR) model with dummy variables to measure the investigated relationship.The forecasting results reflect the interconnection of two time series with the response in the dynamics of the estimated variable (GDP growth) to the reaction of the business environment and the simulation of fluctuations in the ESI dynamics, which are set by the authors and correspond to the expected economic sentiments amid possible crisis changes. Probabilistic estimates of GDP growth until mid-2022 are based on scenario impulses in the ESI dynamics at the 3rd quarter of 2021, which differ in the amplitude and duration of their impact on economic growth, primarily due to coronavirus shocks. According to the results, under all scenarios for the development of business trends introduced by the authors, national economic growth can exceed by the middle of 2022 the pre-pandemic level of the 4th quarter of 2019 (102,9%).

Competitive Pattern-Based Strategies under Complexity

2014 ◽  
pp. 301-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gürdal Ertek ◽  
Nihat Kasap ◽  
Selin Tokman ◽  
Özcan Bilgin ◽  
Mert İnanoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Enterprise Architecture ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Statistical Techniques ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
Main Motivation ◽  
Value Perceptions ◽  
Emerging Country ◽  
Managerial Strategies ◽  
Business Functions ◽  
Competitive Pattern

This chapter augments current Enterprise Architecture (EA) frameworks to become pattern-based. The main motivation behind pattern-based EA is the support for strategic decisions based on the patterns prioritized in a country or industry. Thus, to validate the need for pattern-based EA, it is essential to show how different patterns gain priority under different contexts, such as industries. To this end, this chapter also reveals the value of alternative managerial strategies across different industries and business functions in a specific market, namely Turkey. Value perceptions for alternative managerial strategies were collected via survey, and the values for strategies were analyzed through the rigorous application of statistical techniques. Then, evidence was searched and obtained from business literature that support or refute the statistically supported hypothesis. The results obtained through statistical analysis are typically confirmed with reports of real world cases in the business literature. Results suggest that Turkish firms differ significantly in the way they value different managerial strategies. There also exist differences based on industries and business functions. The study provides guidelines to managers in Turkey, an emerging country, on which strategies are valued most in their industries. This way, managers can have a better understanding of their competitors and business environment and can develop the appropriate pattern-based EA to cope with complexity and succeed in the market.

Socio-Technical Change Perspective for ERP Implementation in Large Scale Organizations

2018 ◽  
pp. 2975-2987 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessy Nair ◽  
D. Bhanusree Reddy ◽  
Anand A. Samuel
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Change ◽  
Enterprise Resource Planning ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Resource Planning ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Erp Systems ◽  
Erp Implementation ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Erp System ◽  
Technical Theory

Organizations require to enhance their firm level resources to compete in turbulent business environment. Strategic application systems, such as an Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) System is one such resource technology that centralizes the database of the organization to enable a seamless view of the organization. However, implementation of ERP systems in organizations has not been a success story for many. ERP systems implementation brings about large scale organizational change and hence it becomes essential for stakeholders to have a reference framework for planning for various dimensions of the organization. Hence this chapter applies a General Morphological Analysis(GMA) to identify the most suitable theory to analyse ERP implementation. Socio technical theory with Leavitt's diamond model was analysed as most appropriate since they are based on the of premises organizational change at firm level. Socio technical organizational change model will enable stakeholders to analyse resources required for core dimensions of the organization for ERP implementation.

Semiotic Analysis of E-Policing Strategies in the United Kingdom

2011 ◽  
pp. 373-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kecheng Liu ◽  
Michael Hu
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Semiotic Analysis ◽  
Technological Infrastructure ◽  
Business Organisation ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
It Systems ◽  
Systems Requirements ◽  
The Uk ◽  
National Information ◽  
Business Requirements

Technological infrastructure must satisfy business requirements, and more importantly, it must be able to evolve to meet the new requirements. This requires not only a good understanding of business strategies, visions and functions, but also the evolvability built into the architecture. This chapter first presents a semiotic approach to the business and information technology (hereafter IT) systems. This approach treats the IT system as an integral part of the business organisation. The chapter then discusses the applicability of a semiotic framework in the e-government in the UK, particularly in an evolvable architecture for e-policing. The semiotic framework is applied in the assessment of the e-government strategies and systems requirements, and in the analysis of these requirements to the e-architecture. A case study demonstrating the applicability of the framework is conducted to evaluate the implementation of the national Information Systems Strategy for the Police Service (ISS4PS) and the Crime Justice Information Technology community (CJIT) in the UK.

Innovation and Change Management

2011 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohini Singh
Keyword(s):  
Change Management ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Scale Transformation ◽  
Business Partners ◽  
Business Results ◽  
Business Change ◽  
Management Paradigms ◽  
Technological Developments

E-business is an innovation that modern day organisations cannot do without. It is based on technology, evolves with technological developments, digitises and automates business processes, is global and leads to improved competitiveness, efficiencies, increased market share, and business expansion. E-businesses models include business-to-business, business-to-consumer, government-to-government, government-to-business, government-to-consumer and numerous others that evolve with new developments. Technological developments applied to e-business results in new issues in the organisation, in dealing with business partners and customers, requires new laws and regulations and automated business processes. Conducting business electronically is a change from traditional ways of doing things, leading to large scale transformation of existing business. To attain business efficiencies from e-business, it is imperative that organisations effectively manage the e-business environment, and all associated changes to digitize and maintain the environment. This chapter discusses management paradigms essential for e-business change management.

Large-Scale Sustainable Information Systems Development in a Developing Country

2008 ◽  
pp. 788-803
Author(s):  
Adekunle Okunoye
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Systems Development ◽  
Islamic Bank ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Rapid Changes ◽  
Other Information ◽  
Outsourcing Decision

Information technology (IT) transfer to developing countries is often affected by various problems. Most available application packages are too expensive and were originally designed to work in a developed economy. The international features of the application packages reduced the problems associated with long duration and huge cost of customization. Nevertheless, there are still some processes that require many peculiar requirements that customization of the off-the-shelf applications cannot meet. With the rapid changes in IT and the business environment, it is becoming essential to rely on information system that can be sustained and upgraded without much cost in order to meet those changes. This case describes a project for the development of such a system. We present the background of the IT company and an Islamic bank as the customer. We highlight the circumstances that led to their decision to develop the systems locally. We discuss the facts that surround the development of the system: the outsourcing decision made by the African Arab Islamic Bank (AFAIB), the project management and systems development at Technology Associates Ltd. (TA), and other information system issues related to developing countries and their effect on the project’s success.

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