Large-Scale Server-Side Infrastructure for E-Learning

2012 ◽  
pp. 250-267
Author(s):  
Neil Simpkins
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Learning Context ◽  
Business Courses ◽  
Server Side ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Server Software ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Client Side

The rapid growth of E-business has greatly increased the demand for technology graduates with experience in server-side technology and has thus become an increasingly important area for educators. Server-side skills are in increasing demand and recognised to be of relatively greater value than comparable client-side aspects (Ehie, 2002; e-skills 2011). In response to this many educational organisations have developed E-business courses, but their approaches cannot generally be applied in the distance learning context. Here the design, development, and subsequent experiences of a scalable architecture for the provision of a set of server-side applications to a very large number of students are described. This infrastructure is intended to allow students to gain valuable experience of server side technology such as directory services, deployment, and management of Web services and other administrative applications. Whilst students can be supported in installing the server software used in courses on their own machines, it is not possible to guarantee that this type of sophisticated software will function on such a wide range of platforms and in the context of other conflicting software, without very prolonged intervention, which is not practical within the timescales of a course. To allow server side aspects to be included as a component of the course’s assessment with some fairness it is necessary to guarantee students access to such facilities even if this is not possible on a student’s own machine.

Developing Server-Side Infrastructure for Large-Scale E-Learning of Web Technology

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-68
Author(s):  
Neil Simpkins
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Web Applications ◽  
Operation Time ◽  
Distributed Applications ◽  
Learning Context ◽  
Business Courses ◽  
Server Side ◽  
Network Operation ◽  
Basic Characteristics ◽  
Increasing Demand

The growth of E-business has made experience in server-side technology an increasingly important area for educators. Server-side skills are in increasing demand and recognised to be of relatively greater value than comparable client-side aspects (Ehie, 2002). In response to this, many educational organisations have developed E-business courses, but their approaches cannot generally be applied in the distance learning context. Providing server-side infrastructure is important to allow students to gain an appreciation of concepts as well as experiencing aspects like network operation, time delays and failure and ‘just-in-time’ collaboration, which are basic characteristics of distributed applications. Here, the development of a scalable architecture and successful provision of access to a set of server applications for a very large number of students is described. A key objective is to establish a framework that can be applied in education and commerce to support very large-scale deployment of web applications and services for applications with varying properties.

Client-Side Handheld Computing and Programming

2011 ◽  
pp. 261-285
Author(s):  
Wen-Chen Hu
Keyword(s):  
Video Games ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Weekly Schedule ◽  
Web Content ◽  
Server Side ◽  
Handheld Computing ◽  
Business Meetings ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
On Line ◽  
Client Side

There are two kinds of handheld computing and programming, namely client- and server- side handheld computing and programming. The most popular applications of the latter are used with database-driven mobile web content, whose construction steps were described in the previous section. The remainder of this book will be devoted to client-side handheld computing and programming, whose applications do not need the support of server-side programs. Client-side handheld applications are varied and numerous, covering a wide range of everyday activities. Popular application examples include: • address books, which store personal information such as addresses, telephone numbers, and email addresses in an accessible format, • appointments, which allow users to edit, save, and view times reserved for business meetings and visits to the doctor, • calculators, which may be a standard 4-function pocket calculator or a multifunction scientific calculator, • datebooks/calendars, which allow users to enter hourly activities and show a daily or weekly schedule, or a simple monthly view, • expenses, which allow users to track and record common business expenses such as car mileage, per diems, air fees, and hotel bills, • mobile office functions, which include viewing and processing documents, spread sheets, presentations, and inventory. • multimedia, which includes playing music and videos, photography, and personal albums. • note pads, which allow users to save, view, and edit text notes, • to-do lists, which allow users to enter a list of tasks to be performed, and • video games, in addition to those on-line video games that require the support of server-side programs.

scholarly journals Toward Social Media Content Recommendation Integrated with Data Science and Machine Learning Approach for E-Learners

Symmetry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1798 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeinab Shahbazi ◽  
Yung Cheol Byun
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Computer Science ◽  
Data Science ◽  
Learning System ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Great Success ◽  
Learning Context ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Learning Software

Electronic Learning (e-learning) has made a great success and recently been estimated as a billion-dollar industry. The users of e-learning acquire knowledge of diversified content available in an application using innovative means. There is much e-learning software available—for example, LMS (Learning Management System) and Moodle. The functionalities of this software were reviewed and we recognized that learners have particular problems in getting relevant recommendations. For example, there might be essential discussions about a particular topic on social networks, such as Twitter, but that discussion is not linked up and recommended to the learners for getting the latest updates on technology-updated news related to their learning context. This has been set as the focus of the current project based on symmetry between user project specification. The developed project recommends relevant symmetric articles to e-learners from the social network of Twitter and the academic platform of DBLP. For recommendations, a Reinforcement learning model with optimization is employed, which utilizes the learners’ local context, learners’ profile available in the e-learning system, and the learners’ historical views. The recommendations by the system are relevant tweets, popular relevant Twitter users, and research papers from DBLP. For matching the local context, profile, and history with the tweet text, we recognized that terms in the e-learning system need to be expanded to cover a wide range of concepts. However, this diversification should not include such terms which are irrelevant. To expand terms of the local context, profile and history, the software used the dataset of Grow-bag, which builds concept graphs of large-scale Computer Science topics based on the co-occurrence scores of Computer Science terms. This application demonstrated the need and success of e-learning software that is linked with social media and sends recommendations for the content being learned by the e-Learners in the e-learning environment. However, the current application only focuses on the Computer Science domain. There is a need for generalizing such applications to other domains in the future.

Application Development Tools and Frameworks

2010 ◽  
pp. 217-234
Author(s):  
Valentin Cristea ◽  
Ciprian Dobre ◽  
Corina Stratan ◽  
Florin Pop
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Web Applications ◽  
Distributed Applications ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Application Development ◽  
Communication Performance ◽  
Server Side ◽  
Development Tools ◽  
Peer To Peer Systems ◽  
Increasing Demand

Large scale distributed systems are used for executing a wide variety of applications; while the first distributed applications were from the scientific area, today many of them are dedicated to businesses or even to home users. The constantly increasing demand for large scale distributed applications has brought on a need for tools and frameworks that ease their development. The main role of these tools and frameworks is to assist the developer in implementing some common functionalities and patterns that are specific to distributed applications – for example, dividing a large computational task into smaller subtasks to be executed on multiple machines, or sending e-mails automatically, or managing the access to resources in a secure way. One of the most important issues that the application development frameworks have to address is the abstraction of the underlying middleware: their main objective is to relieve the application programmer from the effort of dealing with lowerlevel components. Another important aspect is the performance of the communication among the application components; hence, some development tools are specifically targeted to optimizing the communication performance. We also observe an increasing interest in the interoperability among applications developed with different platforms, which has led to many standardization initiatives. This chapter discusses the issues introduced above, and makes an overview of the current tools and frameworks for developing various types of distributed applications. We start with web applications, which are the most frequently used nowadays; we introduce some general design issues, and present tools for server-side and client-side programming. Then, we discuss about developing applications in grids, clouds and peer-to-peer systems; we present the specific aspects of programming applications in these types of systems and introduce some of the most widely used tools and frameworks. The last section is dedicated to distributed workflows – complex applications that are composed of multiple smaller applications or services; the development and execution of workflows poses more challenges compared to traditional applications, requiring specific tools and runtime environments.

Server-Side Technologies

2011 ◽  
pp. 213-221
Author(s):  
John DiMarco
Keyword(s):  
Database Management ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Server Side ◽  
Good Point ◽  
The Future ◽  
Client Side ◽  
The Web

When this book went out for review, one of the reviewers was insightful enough to recommend that I include some information on server-side technologies. As I thought about the scholar’s comments, I came to a few conclusions about the importance of server-side technologies and their use within the Web portfolio. For the most part, you can create a simple Web portfolio by using only client-side tools. Client-side tools and technologies include Macromedia Dreamweaver, Adobe audition, Macromedia Fireworks, HTML, and JavaScript. But the reviewer made a good point in stating that ignoring server-side technologies seemed inappropriate. With this in mind, and with the help and research and writing contributions of my colleague and friend David Power, we provide a basic overview of PHP, ASP, ASP.net, CGI & Perl, and ColdFusion. These backend technologies have database driven components which may or may not be needed in today’s Web portfolio. But as content grows in quantity, quality, and resolution, they need for large-scale database management even on personal Web portfolio levels becomes more evident. In the future, the integration of server-side technologies will surely become a large part of personal Web portfolio activities.

scholarly journals Massive Data Management and Sharing Module for Connectome Reconstruction

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 314
Author(s):  
Jingbin Yuan ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Lijun Shen ◽  
Dandan Zhang ◽  
Wenhuan Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Management ◽  
Data Storage ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Massive Data ◽  
Storage And Retrieval ◽  
Server Side ◽  
Large Scale Data ◽  
Client Side ◽  
Scale Data

Recently, with the rapid development of electron microscopy (EM) technology and the increasing demand of neuron circuit reconstruction, the scale of reconstruction data grows significantly. This brings many challenges, one of which is how to effectively manage large-scale data so that researchers can mine valuable information. For this purpose, we developed a data management module equipped with two parts, a storage and retrieval module on the server-side and an image cache module on the client-side. On the server-side, Hadoop and HBase are introduced to resolve massive data storage and retrieval. The pyramid model is adopted to store electron microscope images, which represent multiresolution data of the image. A block storage method is proposed to store volume segmentation results. We design a spatial location-based retrieval method for fast obtaining images and segments by layers rapidly, which achieves a constant time complexity. On the client-side, a three-level image cache module is designed to reduce latency when acquiring data. Through theoretical analysis and practical tests, our tool shows excellent real-time performance when handling large-scale data. Additionally, the server-side can be used as a backend of other similar software or a public database to manage shared datasets, showing strong scalability.

A Survey of Ontologies and Their Applications in e-Learning Environments

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Wang ◽  
Ying Wang
Keyword(s):  
Learning Objects ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Knowledge Modeling ◽  
Learning Context ◽  
Scale Level ◽  
Semantic Richness ◽  
Ontology Evaluation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Research Questions

Ontology technology has been investigated in a wide range of areas and is currently being utilized in many fields. In the e-learning context, many studies have used ontology to address problems such as the interoperability in learning objects, modeling and enriching learning resources, and personalizing educational content recommendations. We systematically reviewed research on ontology for e-learning from 2008 to 2020. The review was guided by 3 research questions: “How is ontology used for knowledge modeling in the context of e-learning?”, “What are the design principles, building methods, scale, level of semantic richness, and evaluation of current educational ontologies?”, and “What are the various ontology-based applications for e-learning?” We classified current educational ontologies into 6 types and analyzed them by 5 measures: design methodology, building routine, scale of ontology, level of semantic richness, and ontology evaluation. Furthermore, we reviewed 4 types of ontology-based e-learning applications and systems. The observations obtained from this survey can benefit researchers in this area and help to guide future research.

scholarly journals An HTML5-Based Pure Website Solution for Rapidly Viewing and Processing Large-Scale 3D Medical Volume Reconstruction on Mobile Internet

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Qiao ◽  
Xin Chen ◽  
Ye Zhang ◽  
Jingna Zhang ◽  
Yi Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volume Rendering ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Mobile Internet ◽  
Surface Rendering ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Server Side ◽  
High Quality Image ◽  
Special Software ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
Client Side

This study aimed to propose a pure web-based solution to serve users to access large-scale 3D medical volume anywhere with good user experience and complete details. A novel solution of the Master-Slave interaction mode was proposed, which absorbed advantages of remote volume rendering and surface rendering. On server side, we designed a message-responding mechanism to listen to interactive requests from clients (Slave model) and to guide Master volume rendering. On client side, we used HTML5 to normalize user-interactive behaviors on Slave model and enhance the accuracy of behavior request and user-friendly experience. The results showed that more than four independent tasks (each with a data size of 249.4 MB) could be simultaneously carried out with a 100-KBps client bandwidth (extreme test); the first loading time was <12 s, and the response time of each behavior request for final high quality image remained at approximately 1 s, while the peak value of bandwidth was <50-KBps. Meanwhile, the FPS value for each client was ≥40. This solution could serve the users by rapidly accessing the application via one URL hyperlink without special software and hardware requirement in a diversified network environment and could be easily integrated into other telemedical systems seamlessly.

scholarly journals Rapid Scoping Review on the Topic of Ensuring Social Protection and Basic Services to Inform the United Nations Framework for the Immediate Socioeconomic Response to COVID-19

2021 ◽  
pp. 002073142110248
Author(s):  
Megan Highet
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Research Priorities ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Basic Services

This rapid scoping review has informed the development of the UN Research Roadmap for the COVID-19 Recovery on the topic of “Ensuring Social Protection and Basic Services.” The aim was to provide a robust synthesis of key concepts and existing evidence drawn from a wide range of disciplines to support the identification and appraisal of research priorities. An emergent theme has been the notion that measures implemented in response to COVID-19 merely ameliorate symptoms of entrenched, systemic gender-, age-, and race-based inequity, inequality, and exclusion. Key findings include the critical role of contextual and community-based knowledge for informing the design, development, and delivery of programs, as well as the urgent need for implementation science to move existing knowledge into action. This review also describes how the disruption associated with “shock events” such as the COVID-19 pandemic is often associated with unusually high levels of interest and willingness to invest in programs and policies to strengthen strained systems. As such, an unprecedented window of opportunity exists to leverage measures implemented in response to the COVID-19 pandemic to effect large-scale, sustainable change and thereby increase the resiliency of our interconnected systems for the future.

Electron microscopy study of reactively sputter-deposited Ti/N films on silicon

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1362-1363
Author(s):  
V. C. Kannan ◽  
A. K. Singh ◽  
R. B. Irwin ◽  
S. Chittipeddi ◽  
F. D. Nkansah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Hexagonal Phase ◽  
Microscopy Study ◽  
Electron Microscopy Study ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Tin Films ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Fcc Phase ◽  
Circuits Vlsi

Titanium nitride (TiN) films have historically been used as diffusion barrier between silicon and aluminum, as an adhesion layer for tungsten deposition and as an interconnect material etc. Recently, the role of TiN films as contact barriers in very large scale silicon integrated circuits (VLSI) has been extensively studied. TiN films have resistivities on the order of 20μ Ω-cm which is much lower than that of titanium (nearly 66μ Ω-cm). Deposited TiN films show resistivities which vary from 20 to 100μ Ω-cm depending upon the type of deposition and process conditions. TiNx is known to have a NaCl type crystal structure for a wide range of compositions. Change in color from metallic luster to gold reflects the stabilization of the TiNx (FCC) phase over the close packed Ti(N) hexagonal phase. It was found that TiN (1:1) ideal composition with the FCC (NaCl-type) structure gives the best electrical property.

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