Send Nudes?

2020 ◽  
pp. 119-143
Author(s):  
Alaina Brenick ◽  
Kaitlin M. Flannery ◽  
Emily Karr ◽  
Daniell Carvalheiro
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Attachment Style ◽  
Rejection Sensitivity ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Common Method ◽  
Relationship Status ◽  
Sexually Explicit

As texting continues to serve as an increasingly common method of communication among emerging adults, increases in rates of sexting, or sending sexually explicit messages, pictures, or videos, have also been observed. While consensual sexting can facilitate intimacy in relationships, when used as a tool to victimize others, it has been shown to yield a range of negative outcomes: from embarrassment to severe depression and suicide. This chapter aims to review the existing literature on emerging adults' engagement in and evaluations of sexting, while also considering the risks associated with sexting victimization. The role that individual characteristics, such as attachment style and rejection sensitivity as well as demographic characteristics such as gender, sexual orientation, and relationship status, play in the relation between experiences with and evaluations of using sexting as a tool for victimization will also be explored.

Victimization or Entertainment?

2017 ◽  
pp. 203-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alaina Brenick ◽  
Kaitlin M. Flannery ◽  
Emily Rankin
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Attachment Style ◽  
Rejection Sensitivity ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Common Method ◽  
Negative Outcomes ◽  
Sexually Explicit ◽  
The Relationship

As texting continues to serve as an increasingly common method of communication among emerging adults, increases in rates of sexting, or sending sexually explicit messages, pictures, or videos, have also been observed. While consensual sexting can facilitate intimacy in relationships, when used as a tool to victimize others, it has been shown to yield a range of negative outcomes- from embarrassment to severe depression and suicide. This chapter aims to review the existing literature on emerging adults' engagement in and evaluations of sexting, while also considering the risks associated with sexting victimization. The role that individual characteristics, such as attachment style and rejection sensitivity, play in the relationship between experiences with and evaluations of using sexting as a tool for victimization will also be explored.

scholarly journals Crime and individual and neighbourhood sociodemographic characteristics in the City of Toronto

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabby Lee
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Similar Distribution ◽  
Violent Crimes ◽  
Density Mapping ◽  
Qualitative Approaches ◽  
The City

The overall objective of this study is to determine what neighbourhood and offender-related demographic characteristics impact crime rates in the City of Toronto. By doing so, quantitative and qualitative approaches were implemented in this study. This study includes both property and violent crime datasets from 2014-2016 and census related information from the 2011 Canadian Census. The advancing techniques of Geographical Information System (GIS) has been explored and applied to achieve a thorough understanding of crime occurrences and patterns in the city. Hotspot and Kernel Density mapping were applied to analyze the spatial distribution of crime occurrences and account for spatial autocorrelation. Findings revealed that property and violent crimes across the three years of study showed similar distribution of significant hotspots in the core, Northwest, and East end of the city. An Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regression was conducted to examine the ways in which individual and neighbourhood demographic characteristics predict the effects of crime occurrences. The OLS model was a good predictor for offender-related demographics as opposed to neighbourhood level demographics at the 0.05 significant level. These findings revealed that social disadvantaged neighbourhood characteristics such as low income, unemployment, low education, female lone parent were poor predictors of property crimes but good predictors for violent crimes. However, individual characteristics were.

scholarly journals COMORBIDITY OF DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY AMONG STUDENTS AT THE KENYA MEDICAL TRAINING COLLEGES IN KENYA

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 360-370
Author(s):  
Jared Menecha ◽  
Susan Muriungi
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Medical Training ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Middle Level ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Co Morbidity

Objectives: To determine comorbidity of depression and anxiety among students at the Kenya Medical Training College, Kenya Methodology: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study design. Study participants were basic diploma students in a middle level college in Kenya. Data was collected using a researcher designed self-administered questionnaire for socio-demographic characteristics, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) for severity of depression and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) for the severity of anxiety in all the students in the seven largest KMTC campuses. All the participants gave informed consent. Results: 18.4% and 20.2% of group A and B respectively had moderate depression while 48.5% and 45.8% respectively had severe depression. The equivalents for anxiety in groups A and B were 24.4% and 23.6% for moderate anxiety and 32.1% and 31.5% for severe anxiety. There was a higher rate of depression and anxiety in thesecond year; with a statistically significant association between depression and anxiety and the year of study in the two groups (p<0.0001 each respectively). All the other social demographic characteristics had no statistically significant association with depression or anxiety in the two groups. There was a higher prevalence of depression and anxiety co-morbidity in both groups which was statistically significant (p<0.0001). Conclusion: Depression and anxiety were highly prevalent and significantly co-existent among the KMTC students. These mental conditions seemed to vary with the level of study training among college students. Therefore, the psychological well-being of college students need to be carefully addressed. There is need to closely monitor anxiety and depression to eliminate the risk factors and consequently prevent the development of adverse outcomes.

The Impacts of Sexual Media Exposure on Adolescent and Emerging Adults’ Dating and Sexual Violence Attitudes and Behaviors: A Critical Review of the Literature

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 439-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kara Anne E. Rodenhizer ◽  
Katie M. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Attitudes And Behaviors ◽  
Sexual Media ◽  
Sexually Violent ◽  
Sexually Explicit ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Media Preferences ◽  
Violence Attitudes ◽  
The Impact

Dating violence (DV) and sexual violence (SV) are widespread problems among adolescents and emerging adults. A growing body of literature demonstrates that exposure to sexually explicit media (SEM) and sexually violent media (SVM) may be risk factors for DV and SV. The purpose of this article is to provide a systematic and comprehensive literature review on the impact of exposure to SEM and SVM on DV and SV attitudes and behaviors. A total of 43 studies utilizing adolescent and emerging adult samples were reviewed, and collectively the findings suggest that (1) exposure to SEM and SVM is positively related to DV and SV myths and more accepting attitudes toward DV and SV; (2) exposure to SEM and SVM is positively related to actual and anticipated DV and SV victimization, perpetration, and bystander nonintervention; (3) SEM and SVM more strongly impact men’s DV and SV attitudes and behaviors than women’s DV and SV attitudes and behaviors; and (4) preexisting attitudes related to DV and SV and media preferences moderate the relationship between SEM and SVM exposure and DV and SV attitudes and behaviors. Future studies should strive to employ longitudinal and experimental designs, more closely examine the mediators and moderators of SEM and SVM exposure on DV and SV outcomes, focus on the impacts of SEM and SVM that extend beyond men’s use of violence against women, and examine the extent to which media literacy programs could be used independently or in conjunction with existing DV and SV prevention programs to enhance effectiveness of these programming efforts.

Brief Report

2021 ◽  
pp. 181-196
Author(s):  
Sean G Massey ◽  
Richard E. Mattson ◽  
Mei-Hsiu Chen ◽  
Melissa Hardesty ◽  
Ann Merriwether ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Emerging Adult ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Trend Study ◽  
Attraction Behavior ◽  
Survey Responses

This trend study analyzed 9 years (2011–2019) of cross-sectional survey responses to Klein’s Sexual Orientation Grid to explore changes in sexual orientation among emerging adult college students. Categorical regression models based on ordinal responses revealed that participants were moving away from exclusive heterosexuality on attraction, behavior, and identity subscales at a rate of approximately 6% per year. This trend augments for women after 2014, coinciding with increased advocacy efforts related to U.S. marriage equality, but attenuates for men. Participants’ race also related to variations in sexual orientation: Black participants were less likely than White participants to identify as exclusively heterosexual, whereas the pattern reversed for Asian participants relative to White participants. These findings suggest that changes in sexual orientation are occurring among emerging adults in the United States, potentially in response to changing social and political contexts, but these changes are more pronounced in women and Black emerging adults.

Inclusive language regarding gender, sexual orientation, and relationship status: the ongoing process and outcome of revising psychiatric materials

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 385-398
Author(s):  
Rebecca Drill ◽  
Johanna Malone ◽  
Meredith Flouton-Barnes ◽  
Laura Cotton ◽  
Sarah Keyes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
Relationship Status ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
Language Bias ◽  
Healthcare Settings ◽  
Qualitative Feedback ◽  
Linguistic Barriers ◽  
Safety Net Hospital

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to address the barrier to care experienced by LGBTQIA+ populations by binary language for gender, sexual orientation and relationship status. Design/methodology/approach The authors review the research that shows linguistic barriers are a significant obstacle to healthcare for LGBTQIA+ communities. The authors describe both a process and revisions for addressing language bias in psychiatric intake/research research materials as well as quantify its impact in an adult psychotherapy clinic in a public hospital. Findings Patients self-identified their gender, sexual orientation and relationship status in a variety of ways when not presented with binaries and/or pre-established response choices. In addition, the non-response rate to questions decreased and the authors received positive qualitative feedback. The authors also present the revisions to the intake/research materials. Practical implications Other healthcare settings/clinicians can revise language in order to remove significant barriers to treatment and in doing so, be welcoming, non-pathologizing and empowering for LGBTQIA+ consumers of mental health services (as well as for non-LGBTQIA+ consumers who are in non-traditional relationships). Social implications This work is one step in improving healthcare and the healthcare experience for LGBTQIA+ communities and for those in non-traditional relationships. Originality/value This work is set in a public safety-net hospital providing care for underserved and diverse populations. This paper describes the process of revising psychiatric materials to be more inclusive of the range of self-identity are: gender, sexual orientation and relationship status.

scholarly journals Opposites Attract: Assortative Mating and Immigrant–Native Intermarriage in Contemporary Sweden

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 675-709
Author(s):  
Annika Elwert
Keyword(s):  
Assortative Mating ◽  
Marriage Market ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Country Of Birth ◽  
Swedish Population ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Mating Patterns ◽  
Logistic Regressions ◽  
Immigrant Men

AbstractThis paper studies how immigrant–native intermarriages in Sweden are associated with individual characteristics of native men and women and patterns of assortative mating. Patterns of educational- and age-assortative mating that are similar to those found in native–native marriages may reflect openness to immigrant groups, whereas assortative mating patterns that indicate status considerations suggest that country of birth continues to serve as a boundary in the native marriage market. The study uses Swedish register data that cover the entire Swedish population for the period of 1991–2009. The results from binomial and multinomial logistic regressions show that low status of natives in terms of economic and demographic characteristics is associated with intermarriage and that intermarriages are characterized by educational and age heterogamy more than are native–native marriages. The findings indicate that immigrant women as well as immigrant men become more attractive marriage partners if they are considerably younger than their native spouses. This is particularly true for intermarriages with immigrants from certain regions of origin, such as wives from Asia and Africa and husbands from Asia, Africa, and the Middle East. Gender differences in the intermarriage patterns of native men and women are surprisingly small.

scholarly journals Vocational identity of at-risk emerging adults and its relationship with individual characteristics

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 375-410
Author(s):  
Rineke Keijzer ◽  
Wilfried Admiraal ◽  
Roeland Van der Rijst ◽  
Erik Van Schooten
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
School Engagement ◽  
Vocational Identity ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
School Outcome ◽  
School Curricula

Abstract Vocational identity is a prerequisite for enhancing societal inclusion of at-risk emerging adults. School curricula and rebound programs need insights into individual differences of these youths to effectively foster their vocational identity. Identifying three aspects of vocational identity, a questionnaire study among at-risk emerging adults in The Netherlands (N = 996) examined the relationship between clusters of demographic, personality, self-sufficiency, self-competence, and school engagement characteristics and vocational identity performing blockwise entry analyses. Largest proportions of variance were explained by personality traits and, to a lesser extent, motivation, resilience, and valuing school outcome. These malleable characteristics offer opportunities for interventions.

scholarly journals Motivational Determinants of Sexting

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 461-482
Author(s):  
Kristina Sesar ◽  
Arta Dodaj ◽  
Nataša Šimić
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Electronic Media ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Sexually Explicit ◽  
Contextual Characteristics

Sexting, defined as the exchange of sexually explicit contents among adolescents and young adults using electronic media, has become a popular topic of interest in the wider public. This paper proposed a theoretical model to explain motivational determinants of sexting behaviour. We reviewed sexting literature to show how multiple empirical confirmed motivational factors can be modelled within our framework. By analysing empirical research, we posited a set of individual characteristics and contextual characteristics that explain sexting behaviour. We offered a systematic review of motivational determinants relevant to capture sexting behaviour and guidelines for future research in this area. We intended by this theory to organize prior research into a more theoretically satisfying approach to study sexting and to encourage researchers to expand the model and use it in future studies.

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