Scientific Datasets in Archaeological Research Through Pottery Dating and Provenance Cases

2020 ◽  
pp. 56-84
Author(s):  
Nikolaos A. Kazakis ◽  
Nestor C. Tsirliganis
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Morphological Description ◽  
Archaeological Research ◽  
Mineralogical Characterization ◽  
Scientific Datasets ◽  
Common Practices ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
The Common

Recent trends in archaeological research dictate the incorporation of various analytical methods for dating, chemical/mineralogical characterization, morphological description, etc. of various excavation findings and landscapes to support and corroborate the archaeologists' observations. Each method, when used individually, provides a different feedback, but once single studies are combined, the information produced can significantly contribute to the solution of the archaeological puzzle. Thus, numerous scientific data and metadata are produced creating large and complex scientific datasets. The use of common terminology and definitions to describe these data along with the establishment of a formal standardized structure any cultural heritage information could be mapped to would assure the credibility and durability of such scientific datasets. The chapter provides an overview of the types and formats of the scientific data/metadata produced in the archaeological research through the detailed presentation of the common practices used in pottery dating and provenance studies.

An Insight Into the Scientific Datasets in Archaeological Research Through the Pottery Provenance Case

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 58-73
Author(s):  
Nikolaos A. Kazakis ◽  
Nestor C. Tsirliganis
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Data ◽  
Morphological Description ◽  
Archaeological Research ◽  
Mineralogical Characterization ◽  
Provenance Studies ◽  
Scientific Datasets ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
The Common ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Detailed Presentation

Recent trends in archaeological research dictate the incorporation of various analytical methods for dating, chemical/mineralogical characterization, morphological description, etc. of various excavation findings and landscapes to support and corroborate the archaeologists' observations. Each method, when used individually, provides a different feedback, but once single studies are combined, the information produced can significantly contribute to the solution of the archaeological puzzle. Thus, numerous scientific data and metadata are produced creating large and complex scientific datasets. The use of common terminology and definitions to describe these data along with the establishment of a formal standardized structure that any cultural heritage information could be mapped to would assure the credibility and durability of such scientific datasets. The present work provides an overview of the types and formats of the scientific data and metadata produced in the archaeological research through the detailed presentation of the common practices used in pottery provenance studies.

scholarly journals Biologically Derived Gels for the Cleaning of Historical and Artistic Metal Heritage

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 3405
Author(s):  
Arianna Passaretti ◽  
Luana Cuvillier ◽  
Giorgia Sciutto ◽  
Elodie Guilminot ◽  
Edith Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
New Products ◽  
Specific Area ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Metallic Surfaces ◽  
Biological Origin ◽  
Common Practices ◽  
The Common ◽  
Gel Formulations

In the general global rise of attention and research to seek greener attitudes, the field of cultural heritage (CH) makes no exception. In the last decades, an increasing number of sustainable and biologically based solutions have been proposed for the protection and care of artworks. Additionally, the safety of the target artwork and the operator must be kept as core goals. Within this scenario, new products and treatments should be explored and implemented in the common conservation praxes. Therefore, this review addressing metal heritage is aimed to report biologically derived gel formulations already proposed for this specific area as reliable tools for cleaning. Promising bio-gel-based protocols, still to be implemented in metal conservation, are also presented to promote their investigation by stakeholders in metal conservation. After an opening overview on the common practices for cleaning metallic surfaces in CH, the focus will be moved onto the potentialities of gel-alternatives and in particular of ones with a biological origin. In more detail, we displayed water-gels (i.e., hydrogels) and solvent-gels (i.e., organogels) together with particular attention to bio-solvents. The discussion is closed in light of the state-of-the-art and future perspectives.

KOMIK DI LINGKARAN INDUSTRI MUSIK

DeKaVe ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Terra Bajraghosa
Keyword(s):  
Comic Books ◽  
Music Industry ◽  
Comic Book ◽  
Narrative Approach ◽  
Visual Narrative ◽  
Common Practices ◽  
Visual Style ◽  
Song Lyrics ◽  
The Common

Comic ges. Based on comprehention as a narrative media, comics in Indonesia are oftenly compared to bas-reliefs on Borobudur temple and Wayang Beber.. From many kind of stories Indonesian comic books recently offered, with the developed visual wrapping, some comics steal attentions by its unique themes. These comic books are created because of the inspiration and relation to music industry. These comic books couldn't be seen from the visual style alone, as they were created in many visual genres, but they could be seen from their relations to music industry, whether the mainstream or indie ones. These comic books are published together with the music CDs, telling fictional stories from factual bands or musicians, telling a band's factual stories, or created by one of the band members. To understand modes of creation of these music industry-related-comic books, visual narrative approach will be applied. Through visual narrative approach, the band members' or musician's necessity for telling stories via comics, beside the common practices via music and song lyrics, will be observed.Keywords : Comic book, music industry, visual narrative

Causality Then and Now

1993 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-177
Author(s):  
Karen Harding
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Theory ◽  
Common Sense ◽  
Mechanical Model ◽  
Physical World ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
The World ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Universe ◽  
The Way

Ate appearances deceiving? Do objects behave the way they do becauseGod wills it? Ate objects impetmanent and do they only exist becausethey ate continuously created by God? According to a1 Ghazlli, theanswers to all of these questions ate yes. Objects that appear to bepermanent are not. Those relationships commonly tefemed to as causalare a result of God’s habits rather than because one event inevitably leadsto another. God creates everything in the universe continuously; if Heceased to create it, it would no longer exist.These ideas seem oddly naive and unscientific to people living in thetwentieth century. They seem at odds with the common conception of thephysical world. Common sense says that the universe is made of tealobjects that persist in time. Furthermore, the behavior of these objects isreasonable, logical, and predictable. The belief that the univetse is understandablevia logic and reason harkens back to Newton’s mechanical viewof the universe and has provided one of the basic underpinnings ofscience for centuries. Although most people believe that the world is accutatelydescribed by this sort of mechanical model, the appropriatenessof such a model has been called into question by recent scientificadvances, and in particular, by quantum theory. This theory implies thatthe physical world is actually very different from what a mechanicalmodel would predit.Quantum theory seeks to explain the nature of physical entities andthe way that they interact. It atose in the early part of the twentieth centuryin response to new scientific data that could not be incorporated successfullyinto the ptevailing mechanical view of the universe. Due largely ...

scholarly journals The Vocational School of Sintra and Its Contribution to Heritage Education

Heritage ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 466-478
Author(s):  
Ana Mafalda Cardeira ◽  
Marta Frade
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Educational System ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Vocational School ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Heritage Education ◽  
12Th Grade ◽  
And Training

This paper aims to share the experience acquired with students of the 3rd year (namely the 12th grade of the Portuguese educational system) at the Vocational School for the Recovery of Heritage of Sintra in the Course of Studies for Conservation and Restoration Assistants in the field of Plaster Restoration, in the classes of Work-Related Training and Analytical Methods of Examination and Laboratory Analysis, by carrying out theoretical-practical work and training in a work context specifically focused on Portuguese heritage, demonstrating how practical classes motivate students and prepare them for future professional work. This vocational course helps students to reflect and question themselves on the role of “looking” at heritage. Thus, its cross information, both interdisciplinary and from the historical-artistic context of the monument, will provide a better perspective over its materiality and its use. In situ learning awakens students to the reality of work. The notion that they are helping to maintain the memory of ancestors credits them and gives them confidence in their work. After presenting their Final Year Projects, they look at heritage with a more awakened vision. With this, they have the perception that they have contributed to the reconstruction of memory, their cultural heritage.

scholarly journals Maribor Synagogue: Between Facts and Reinterpretation

Arts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Janez Premk
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Reference Point ◽  
Scientific Publication ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Archaeological Research ◽  
Architectural Elements ◽  
Significant Step ◽  
Visual Reconstruction ◽  
Material Evidence

Maribor Synagogue is one of the few preserved medieval synagogues in Central Europe. The renovation of the building between 1992 and 1999, undertaken by the Institute for the Protection of Cultural Heritage of Slovenia, proved to be much more demanding than originally foreseen. Its architectural shell and architectural elements have served as a reference point for the (visual) reconstruction of related monuments in the wider region. However, the renovation itself has left numerous unanswered questions, especially in regard to the building phases during the Jewish and later Christian use of the building. The present article is the first scientific publication to thoroughly examine the medieval building phases, based on the findings of archaeological research and investigation of the documented and preserved architectural elements. Ground plans are attached for the initial two building phases, related to the archeological charts. The last phase corresponds to the reconstructed version of the synagogue, but convincing evidence relating to its appearance is missing. Although it is practically impossible to provide an entirely accurate building history based on the archival, oral and material evidence so far available, a significant step toward its general comprehension is made.

scholarly journals The bodily community. The gesture and the rhythm as manners of the living-together

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-23
Author(s):  
Maricica Munteanu
Keyword(s):  
Personal Identity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Formal Approach ◽  
Ethical Implications ◽  
Common Space ◽  
Ethical Debate ◽  
Living Together ◽  
Common Practices ◽  
The Common

The present article explores the collective imaginary of the cenacle, referring to the case of Viața românească literary group from Iași, focussing on the bodily community and its representations in the common space, understood as space-in-common. This approach shifts the interest from the ideological component that is the ‘poporanism’, as promoted by Viața românească revue, to the ethical and social aspects of the community. This does not mean that the bodily community is “more real” than the ideological community, or that it translates with fidelity the common practices of the cenacle; the bodily community is in fact another form of representation, a phantasm of the living-together, analysed through Roland Barthes’s theory as the space where solitude and sociability coexist. The corporal representations of the community, always engaged in an ethical debate, is further discussed through two manners of the living-together: the gesture and the rhythm. The theoretical reference of this analysis is Marielle Macéʼs book Styles. Critique de nos formes de vie, which proposes a formal approach of life, concentrating on the ethical implications. The issues derived from this sort of reading state the relation between the body and the environment, the vicinities and the somatic interactions between the members of the cenacle, the adjustment of distances, and the maintenance of solitude inside the community. The gestures, attitudes, behaviour, verbal and non-verbal tics, clothing, the manners of speech or the rhythm of doing certain things are seen not as marks of personal identity that positions itself inside the spaces of power, but as collective signs, as form of encounter and interaction, of exposure to the others but also responsiveness of the others, of expropriation as well as appropriation, of affirmation as well as alteration of the forms of life.

scholarly journals More Irrigated Crop Production with Less Water Use

2019 ◽  
pp. 218-226
Author(s):  
Ahmed Ibrahim Ekhmaj ◽  
Younes Daw Ezlit ◽  
Mukhtar Mahmud Elaalem
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Unit Volume ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Common Practices ◽  
The Common ◽  
Production Output

Three major performance indicators developed by the International Water Management Institute (IWMI, 1998) are used in this paper to evaluate the performance of the irrigated crops in the region according to the commonly followed practices among farmers as compared with their performance under conditions of much improved irrigation management and agricultural practices. These indicators include the Standardized Gross Value Production (SGVP), the unit area production output (crop yield or its financial value per hectare) and the unit volume of irrigation water production output (crop yield or its financial value per cubic meter). The comparison between the two agricultural practices indicated that the unit area output of the common practices among farmers did not exceed 6483 Libyan Dinars / hectare, while that under the improved practices was 11605 Libyan Dinars / hectare. The unit volume of irrigation water output for the common practices was 0.63 Libyan Dinar / cubic meter, while that under the improved practices reached 1.63 Libyan Dinar / cubic meter. These results clearly show the importance of the applied performance indicators in the assessment and clarification of the economic impacts of any introduced interventions aiming at the improvement of and/or the differentiation among irrigation management practices and alternative agricultural cropping systems.

scholarly journals Between the Real and the Virtual: 3D visualization in the Cultural Heritage domain - expectations and prospects

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sorin Hermon ◽  
Loukas Kalisperis
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
3D Visualization ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Archaeological Research ◽  
Communication Medium ◽  
The Real ◽  
Data Transparency ◽  
Research Tools

<p>The paper discusses two uses of 3D Visualization and Virtual Reality (hereafter VR) of Cultural Heritage (CH) assets: a less used one, in the archaeological / historical research and a more frequent one, as a communication medium in CH museums. While technological effort has been mainly invested in improving the “accuracy” of VR (determined as how truthfully it reproduces the “CH reality”), issues related to scientific requirements, (data transparency, separation between “real” and “virtual”, etc.), are largely neglected, or at least not directly related to the 3D outcome, which may explain why, after more than twenty years of producing VR models, they are still rarely used in the archaeological research. The paper will present a proposal for developing VR tools as such as to be meaningful CH research tools as well as a methodology for designing VR outcomes to be used as a communication medium in CH museums.</p>

scholarly journals WYBRANE ZAGADNIENIA WŁASNOŚCI ZABYTKÓW I DZIEŁ SZTUKI W PRAWIE PRL-U

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicja Jagielska-Burduk
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Private Property ◽  
Cultural Property ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
The Public ◽  
Common Heritage ◽  
Works Of Art ◽  
The Common

LEGAL STATUS OF CULTURAL PROPERTY AND WORKS OF ART IN THE PRL Summary The article deals with the legal status of works of art and cultural property in the Polish legislation during communism period. Classifying those objects as private property was considered as a very difficult task, because of their material value and the public interest in saving them for future generations. The strict limitations of individuals property were perceived as unusual and as a result a new sort of property – the private cultural property was distinguished. Moreover, the concepts of the common heritage and res extra commercium could be observed in the light of the PRL ideas. It should be emphasized that the above mentioned theories for improving cultural heritage regulations are the most popular in the nowadays’ international discussion.

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