Neuroeconomic Perspectives for Economics

2021 ◽  
pp. 135-151
Author(s):  
Torben Larsen
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Risk Preference ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Creative Class ◽  
Rapid Rise ◽  
Client Server ◽  
Economic Agents ◽  
The Core ◽  
Economic Decisions ◽  
Social Liberalism

Neoliberalism is based on the economic rationality of economic agents, but both cognitive shortcomings and emotional biases in economics decision-making are well documented. A neuroeconomic model (NeM) comprising seven different nodes in a client-server-integrator system (cybernetics of the second order) presents a new approach to behavioral economics focusing risk-preference. The way that individual characteristics influence economic decisions depends on personality. Some people are principally pragmatic with little preference for risk, some are more rational with a moderate approach to risk and some enjoy risk. These people are identified respectively as Pragmatics, Rationalists and Explorers. The rapid rise of explorative behavior is the core of the creative class. Three macroeconomic focus points are outlined: 1) Equality by Universal Basic Income, 2) Environmental protection by Carbon Emission Tax, and 3) Individualized stress-management. In-all, neuroeconomics calls for center-based macroeconomic alternatives to the ruling Neoliberalism e. g. social liberalism or social democracy.

Pengaruh Karakteristik Individu, Karakteristik Pekerjaan dan Karakteristik Lingkungan Terhadap Motivasi Kerja Pegawai Pada Satuan Polisi Pamong Praja Kota Pontianak

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-31
Author(s):  
Indrawati Indrawati ◽  
Aprina Kuswardani
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Job Characteristics ◽  
Employee Motivation ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Environmental Characteristics ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
The Core ◽  
Important Position ◽  
The City

Human resource is the most valuable resource and has an increasingly important position in achieving the objectives of the organization. Human is the core driving force of all activities and is also a major part in the processing of the input into the output. This research was conducted in the territory of the city of Pontianak. Independent variables (X) in this study consist of 3 individual characteristics, job characteristics, and environmental characteristics, while dependent variable (Y) is motivation. The data in this study were obtainet from the results of the questionnaire to 34 respondents who also as samples in this research. The data later processed using multiple Linear Regression analysis. The result showed that only one individual characteristics, job charakteristics and environmental characteristics had a significant influence on employee motivation at Civil Service Police Unit Pontianak.

Is Entrepreneurship Education Key to All Entrepreneurial Initiatives?

2021 ◽  
pp. 45-63
Author(s):  
Joana Costa
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Entrepreneurship Education ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
The Core ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
The World ◽  
Employment Generation ◽  
Different Cultures

Entrepreneurship is a worldwide reality. Since the beginning of times and all around the world people have created businesses. Entrepreneurial orientation, from a macroeconomic perspective, allows income and employment generation, thus boosting growth. At the microeconomic level, it is a competition booster playing a central role in a globalized market. In this entrepreneurial ecosystem in which knowledge-based activity is the core booster of employment, economic growth, and competitiveness, universities and, in particular, entrepreneurial universities play either the role of knowledge production and dissemination. The present work aims to understand the role of education (formal and entrepreneurship) on entrepreneurial activity combined with heterogeneous individual characteristics and different cultures and geographies. Specifically, the study identifies substitution and complementary effects among both types of education according to individual taxonomies.

Neuroeconomic Psychology

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Torben Larsen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Preference ◽  
Personality Types ◽  
Economic Behavior ◽  
Cognitive Tools ◽  
Personality Psychology ◽  
Economic Agents ◽  
General Skills ◽  
Mantra Meditation ◽  
Decision Making Model ◽  
The Relationship

A neuroeconomic decision-making model identifies risk-preference as the basal parameter of economic behavior. Other studies show that persons differentiated by weak, medium, and strong risk-preference have separate behavioral patterns. However, general personality psychology identifies five different personality types. A study of the relationship between risk-preference and personality type shows complementarity and strong correlation between risk-preference and extreme personality types “extravert” and “risk-averter.” The moderated personality types “open-minded,” “respective,” “agreeable,” or “conscientious” behave risk neutral with an internal order according to degree of flexibility. The integrated model of neuroeconomic psychology operates in three complementary cognitive tools: general skills to differentiate between the five types of economic agents is relevant for collaboration; the substance of the moderated personality types is the dual thinking process; and to handle stress the action-mechanism of classical mantra-meditation is explained as reinforcing open-mindedness.

Encapsulation Method for Small Wireless Measurement Systems in High Temperature Environments

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 (HiTEC) ◽  
pp. 000087-000091
Author(s):  
J. Johansson ◽  
J. Borg
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Operating Time ◽  
Outer Radius ◽  
Rapid Rise ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Measurement Systems ◽  
The Core ◽  
Encapsulation Method ◽  
Wireless Measurement ◽  
Operational Time

Abstract This paper presents an encapsulation concept that enables the construction of small wireless measurement systems that can operate in industrial environments with ambient temperatures of up to 1200°C. To maximize operational time and minimize size, a layer of thermal insulation is combined with water absorbed in a porous material in the core of the device. The simulated operating time before all of the frozen water at 0°C has transformed into steam at 100°C when the ambient temperature of the device was 1200°C is 21 minutes for a sphere with an outer radius of 4 cm. If the outer radius is increased to 10 cm the simulated operating time increases to 125 minutes. Measurements were performed to validate the design. When a sphere with a radius of 4 cm was subjected to an oven temperature of 1200°C the device held the core temperature at or below 101°C for a total of 25 minutes. The time to reach the boiling point of the water was 9 minutes. Thereafter, the temperature was held constant at 100 +/− 1°C for an additional 16 minutes whereafter a rapid rise in temperature took place once all water had evaporated.

scholarly journals Watching Battlestar Galactica in Australia and the Tyranny of Digital Distance

2008 ◽  
Vol 126 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tama Leaver
Keyword(s):  
Digital Media ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Rapid Rise ◽  
Speed Of Light ◽  
Distribution Models ◽  
Battlestar Galactica ◽  
Economic Decisions ◽  
Technical Potential ◽  
Media Corporations

In an era where communication technologies can move digital media at close to the speed of light, this paper explores the rupture between this technical potential and the actual model by which international television screening dates are determined in Australia. As the delays between overseas and Australian airdates can be as long two years, and average over six months, the rapid rise in both official and fan-produced online material and interaction relating to television series has given rise to a massive but largely unfulfilled demand for simultaneous access to episodes across the globe. Using the case study of the critically acclaimed fan favourite Battlestar Galactica, this paper outlines some of the strategies by which producers build global fan loyalty — from official websites, blogs, commentary podcasts and online deleted scenes to exclusive webisodes and official participation in fan forums. The paper argues that these trends, combined with the time delay between release dates, are the largest factors contributing to the unlawful downloading of television via peer-to-peer file-sharing platforms such as BitTorrent. In attempting to maintain distribution models that began as geographic necessities, but have become exclusively political and economic decisions in an era of digital communication technologies, this paper argues that media corporations are perpetuating a ‘tyranny of digital distance’ and alienating their own audiences.

scholarly journals Towards a Resilient and Equitable Society: A Transdisciplinary Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 172-181
Author(s):  
Eduardo A. Bracho Montes de Oca ◽  
Iris Brand ◽  
Dumitru Malcoci ◽  
Oscar Neyrinck ◽  
Kerim S. Zurel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Learning Cycle ◽  
Transdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Societal Issues ◽  
The Core ◽  
Private Data ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Social ◽  
Activity Models

Recurring crises have exposed time and again the inherent inequalities of our societies and their ill-equipped adjustment to an ever-changing environment. This paper attempts to address the challenge of creating a more resilient and equitable society by developing a feasible blueprint for it through a bottom-up, transdisciplinary approach and the use of activity models methodology. The starting point of our analysis consisted of the identification of five cross-field societal issues, tack ling which would create a more equitable and resilient future for society: dangers of private data extractions, carbon emission taxing, climate migration, public health affordability, and the crisis of representative democracy. By jointly engaging in transdisciplinary discussions and accommodating insights from diverse stakeholders we analyzed ways of dealing with each of the issues, resulting in the creation of six activity models pertaining to them. The last step consisted in their integration into a single blueprint, achieved by devising a learning cycle running through the core of our societal model. The learning cycle organizes decision-making by identifying the social needs of the citizens, prioritizing them, deciding on key investments, executing these and monitoring their results. It ensures, through the contribution of each activity model, an equitable and resilient development for society.

scholarly journals Effects of straw’s comprehensive utilization-technology on agricultural carbon emission in Jiangsu Province

2021 ◽  
Vol 267 ◽  
pp. 01014
Author(s):  
Xue Qin ◽  
Jun Yan ◽  
G.Y. Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Explanatory Variable ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Jiangsu Province ◽  
Stirpat Model ◽  
Comprehensive Utilization ◽  
The Core

Straw resources are abundant in Jiangsu province, the utilization and burning of straw is an important problem in agriculture carbon emission reduction. In order to analyze the effect of straw’s comprehensive utilization technology on agricultural carbon emission, the STIRPAT model is introduced, which takes straw utilization technology as the core explanatory variable while other influencing factors as control variables, and the ridge regression is adopted to conduct an empirical analysis on the influencing factors of agricultural carbon emission in Jiangsu province from 2008 to 2018. The results demonstrate that for every 1% increasing of straw’s comprehensive utilization technology, agriculture carbon emission will be reduced by 0.17%; the labor force is the biggest driver of agriculture carbon emissions; agriculture economic development, energy consumption takes a certain inhibitory effect on agriculture carbon emissions, but not very great.

Client Sever System for E-Services Access in Business Environment

2010 ◽  
pp. 158-171
Author(s):  
Eugen Pop
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Communications ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Personal Digital Assistants ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Communications Networks ◽  
Client Server ◽  
Economic Agents ◽  
Server Software ◽  
Financial Interests

E-services is a term which generally means the provisioning of services via the Internet. The prefix “e” stands for electronic. E-services access is a good opportunity for business developing and offer increased financial benefits for various economic agents. By the support of the Internet, the products or services can be efficiently offered to a large number of clients. Besides, the mobile communications networks give to the clients the advantage to access the informational services from anywhere and anytime. This will facilitate an increasing convergence of technological and financial interests of mobile operators, client server software developers, mobile terminals producers and e-content providers, along with a high level of integration of IT&C resources. This is a good basis and a challenging opportunity for value added services developing, in order to be delivered through the mobile communications networks. Client server architectures with mobile users are suitable for e-services providing, using mobile communications networks. Such a system is presented in this chapter, suitable for business environment access using mobile applications installed on Smartphones and PDAs (Personal Digital Assistants).

scholarly journals A 800 year record of nitrate from the Lomonosovfonna ice core, Svalbard

2002 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 261-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teija Kekonen ◽  
John C. Moore ◽  
Robert Mulvaney ◽  
Elisabeth Isaksson ◽  
Veijo Pohjola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Ice Core ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Rapid Rise ◽  
The Core ◽  
Detailed Chemical

AbstractDetailed chemical analysis of the 122 m, relatively high-altitude and low-melt Lomonosovfonna ice core provides the best-dated record of nitrate from Svalbard. A very significant non-linear trend present in the record shows: (a) a rise in concentrations from the 12th to the mid-16th century, (b) reasonably stable concentrations until the mid-19th century, (c) a rise in concentrations into the 20th century, with (d) a rapid rise in the 1950s and (e) a decrease after the mid-1980s. Nitrate is well correlated with ammonium before 1920 and after 1960 but not in the intervening period. the correlation between ammonium and nitrate concentrations indicates that ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) has been common at Lomonosovfonna. There are also places in the core where nitrate is very closely associated with calcium.

scholarly journals Coupling Coordination and Influencing Factors among Tourism Carbon Emission, Tourism Economic and Tourism Innovation

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1601
Author(s):  
Yue Pan ◽  
Gangmin Weng ◽  
Conghui Li ◽  
Jianpu Li
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Compound System ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
Emission Efficiency ◽  
The Core ◽  
Coordination Degree

To discuss the coupling coordination relationship among tourism carbon emissions, economic development and regional innovation it is not only necessary to realize the green development of tourism economy, but also great significance for the tourism industry to take a low-carbon path. Taking the 30 provinces of China for example, this paper calculated the tourism carbon emission efficiency based on the super-efficiency Slacks based measure and Data envelope analyse (SBM-DEA) model from 2007 to 2017, and on this basis, defined a compound system that consists of tourism carbon emissions, tourism economic development and tourism regional innovation. Further, the coupling coordination degree model and dynamic degree model were used to explore its spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of balanced development, and this paper distinguished the core influencing factors by Geodetector model. The results showed that (1) during the study period, the tourism carbon emission efficiency showed a reciprocating trend of first rising and then falling, mainly due to the change of pure technical efficiency. (2) The coupling coordination degree developed towards a good trend, while there were significant differences among provinces, showing a gradient distribution pattern of decreasing from east to west. Additionally, (3) the core driving factors varied over time, however, in general, the influence from high to low were as follows: technological innovation, economic development, urbanization, environmental pollution control, and industrial structure. Finally, some policy recommendations were put forward to further promote the coupling coordination degree.

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