Inland Saline Wetlandscapes

2020 ◽  
pp. 242-268
Author(s):  
Laxmikant Sharma ◽  
Rajashree Naik ◽  
Alok Raj
Keyword(s):  
Salt Lake ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Ramsar Convention ◽  
Wetland Ecosystems ◽  
Water Index ◽  
Strategic Plans ◽  
The World ◽  
Normalized Difference Water Index

Wetland ecosystems are one of the highly productive ecosystems in the world. These ecosystems have been deteriorating at a faster rate. Ramsar Convention is putting enormous effort to protect, maintain, and restore these ecosystems. Currently, the fourth phase of Strategic Plans of Ramsar Convention is going on, in which saline wetlandscapes can play vital role to attain 19 targets of this plan. In India there are 27 Ramsar sites in all the biogeographic zones; however, research work has been carried out in the past five years in only eight Ramsar sites. Currently, four years are available for the strategic plans to encourage more wetland researches. The chapter presents a case study of Sambhar Salt Lake, a Ramsar site of India that is on the verge of extinction. Normalized Difference Water Index has been calculated for three decades in 1992, 2009, and 2019, revealing the declining phases of the lake.

scholarly journals Synoptic Characteristics of Torrential Rains in Southwest and Southeast Iraq: A Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Aqeel Ghazi Mutar ◽  
Asraa Khtan ◽  
Loay E. George
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Images ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Heavy Rain ◽  
Moisture Flux ◽  
Relative Vorticity ◽  
Water Index ◽  
Normalized Difference Water Index ◽  
Modern Era ◽  
Sentinel 2

Torrential rains cause many losses in city infrastructure, crops, and deaths in several regions of the world including Iraq as in the case that we will discuss in this work, on January 28 and 29, 2019. Torrential rain caused the flow of torrents in several areas of Iraq and the neighboring areas. This research work aims to identify the synoptic characteristics of torrential rains and the causes of this case. This will be done by analyzing and interpreting the weather maps at different pressure levels with focusing on the troughs and fronts locations, relative vorticity, polar jet stream effect as well as the moisture flux. The Geographic Information System (GIS) was used to analyze the satellite images in order to calculate the Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) to confirm the heavy rain case. The weather maps were obtained from the Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications Version 2 (MERRA-2).  As for the satellite images we used the satellite imagery from Sentinel-2 and EMUTSAT.

scholarly journals Supply Chain Management of Litchi: A Case Study in Sonitpur District of Assam

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gokul , Acharjee
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chain Management ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Chain Management ◽  
Fruit Crop ◽  
Agrarian Economy ◽  
The World

Litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn), an important sub-tropical evergreen fruit crop belonging to family Sapindaceae, is believed to have originated in China, where it has been grown in Southern Guangdong state for thousands of years. It is highly specific to climatic requirements and probably due to this reason its cultivation is restricted to few countries in the world. In India, litchi was introduced in the 18th century through Burma, and from there, it spread to many countries. India and China account for 91 percent of the world litchi production. Litchi is one of the important fruit crop commercially grown in Assam. Due to its perishable nature and having very short shelf life, Supply Chain Management (SCM) plays a vital role. Though India is an agrarian economy the business faces various challenges in terms of infrastructure facilities. The present article is an attempt to explain the production, distribution and Supply chain management of Litchi in Sonitpur District of Assam. Most of the litchi growers belong to marginal and small category. Hence, the involvement of marginal farmers is more in Litchi plantation as compared to other category of farmers. Major share of produce traded through market intermediaries. The linear trend model was used to check the dynamicity of the area and production data of Litchi in India. Due to perishable in nature, the litchi farmers are suffering severely due to wastage of litchi throughout the intermittent steps in existing supply chain of litchi.

Usage of Big Data Prediction Techniques for Predictive Analysis in HIV/AIDS

2018 ◽  
pp. 54-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chinmayee Mohapatra ◽  
Biswaranjan Acharya ◽  
Siddhath Swarup Rautaray ◽  
Manjusha Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Open Platform ◽  
Data Prediction ◽  
The World ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Prediction Techniques ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome

The term big data refers to the data that exceeds the processing or analyzing capacity of existing database management systems. The inability of existing DBMS to handle big data is due to its large volume, high velocity, pertaining veracity, heterogeneous variety, and on-atomic values. Nowadays, healthcare plays a vital role in everyone's life. It becomes a very large and open platform for everyone to do all kinds of research work without affecting human life. When it comes to disease, there are so many types found all over the world. But among them, AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) is a disease that spreads so quickly and can easily turn life to death. There are many studies going on to create drugs to cure this deadly disease, but until now, there has been no success. In cases such as this, big data is implemented for better a result, which will have a good impact on society.

scholarly journals On Reflective Teaching of EFL Teachers in Local Universities of China - A Case Study of Leshan Normal University, Sichuan

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 154
Author(s):  
Zou Li ◽  
Zhou Ye
Keyword(s):  
Vital Role ◽  
Teacher Reflection ◽  
Reflective Teaching ◽  
Efl Teachers ◽  
The World ◽  
Efl Teaching ◽  
Reflective Teachers ◽  
Normal University

<p>Presently, China plays a vital role in the world. Therefore, Chinese passion for English has reached an unprecedented level. Nevertheless, various problems occur in EFL teaching. Thus, EFL teachers must make the teaching qualities better by reflective teaching, an effective way to improving EFL teaching.</p><p>The paper is to study the definitions, approaches and the characteristics of reflective teaching, so that teachers can clarify what reflection teaching is, how important it is, and how they can become reflective teachers. In addition, the paper also analyzes one case study of teacher reflection in Leshan Normal Unviersity in the perspective of improving EFL teachers’ teaching. Finally, the paper draws a conclusion to trigger the further study.</p>

scholarly journals DETECTION OF GREEN OPEN SPACE USING COMBINATION INDEX OF LANDSAT 8 DATA (CASE STUDY: DKI JAKARTA)

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Sayidah Sulma ◽  
Jalu Tejo Nugroho ◽  
Any Zubaidah ◽  
Hana Listi Fitriana ◽  
Nanik Suryo Haryani
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Water Index ◽  
Detection And Identification ◽  
Index Approach ◽  
Normalized Difference Water Index

Spatial information about the availability and presence of green open space in urban areas to be up to date and transparent was a necessity. This study explained the technique to get the green open spaces of spatial information quickly using an index approach of Landsat 8. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of the method to detect the green open spaces, especially using Landsat 8 with a combination of several indices, namely Normalized Difference Build-up Index (NDVI), Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), Normalized Difference Build-up Index (NDBI) and Normalized Difference Bareness Index (NDBaI) with a study area of Jakarta. This study found that the detection and identification of green open space classes used a combination of index and band gave good results with an accuracy of 81%.

scholarly journals Multitemporal observation of Karla reservoir in Thessaly Greece utilizing SAR and optical remotely sensing imagery

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 144-156
Author(s):  
Triantafyllos FALARAS ◽  
◽  
Maria KOILAKOU ◽  
Leonidas TSOUKALAS ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Environments ◽  
Segmentation Method ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Wetland Ecosystems ◽  
Water Index ◽  
Normalized Difference Water Index ◽  
Seasonal Basis ◽  
Optical Imagery ◽  
Sar Imagery ◽  
Sentinel 2

Wetlands constitute areas with significant value and service offerings both in anthropogenic and natural environments. Taking into consideration the importance of studying wetland ecosystems and their changes, the aim of this paper is the observation of Lake Karla’s reservoir fluctuation, since its reconstitution in 2010. For this reason, annual and seasonal fluctuations of the reservoir were estimated, utilizing remote sensing Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) (Sentinel 1) and optical (Sentinel 2) imagery, as well as Landsat 5 imagery. For SAR imagery an image segmentation method with a dynamic threshold operator based on mean values is utilized, while for optical imagery the Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) is applied. The findings reveal changes in Karla’s reservoir, with its acreage being continually increased on average on an annual basis. Meanwhile, on a seasonal basis, the results indicate some variations in the reservoir, due to precipitation and irrigation purposes.

scholarly journals Emotional Analysis of Bogus Statistics in Social Media

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 178-186
Author(s):  
Dr. Wang Haoxiang
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Recurrent Neural Network ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Information Analysis ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
The Impact

Fake info or bogus statistics is a new term and it is now considered as a greatest threat to democracy. Since the world is full of surprises and humans have developed their delicate nature to detect unexcepted information. Social media plays a vital role in information spreading, since the impact towards fake information has gained more attention due to the social media platforms. Trending the hot topic without analyzing the information will introduce great impact over millions of people. So, it is essential to analyze the message and its truthfulness. Emotional analysis is an important factor in bogus statistics as the information gets reshared among other based on individual emotions. Considering these facts in social media information analysis, an efficient emotional analysis for bogus statistics in social media is proposed in this research work using recurrent neural network. In an emotional perspective, fake messages are compared with actual message and false messages are identified experimentally using recurrent neural network.

scholarly journals Digital Payment: A Case Study with Respect to India

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Dr. Pradipta Mukhopadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Indirect Method ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Wall Paintings ◽  
Payment Systems ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The World ◽  
Standard Value

In its earliest form, Commerce was a system of trading of one item or service for another. Ancient wall paintings and manuscripts show that humans long ago was engaged in trading animal skins and meat for other services and goods. Thereafter gradually the idea of currency emerged and in primitive societies people used shells or beads as money. Then with the advancement of metallurgy, Gold and silver coins became the standard of exchange around 500 B.C and we see that in Mesopotamia and Egypt, gold bars were used as cash but they had to be measured each time a trade was made. Thereafter we see that as both gold and silver coins had a standard value throughout the globe it helped in trade between countries. Thereafter with the development of the societies throughout the world better systems of settling transactions developed which led to the development and acceptance of modern day digital payment systems for settling transactions. In this paper we will study in details the advantages and disadvantages of adopting digital payment systems and how it had gone to help in development of India. The present study has been exploratory, casual and empirical in nature and the data needed for research work has been collected by using both direct and indirect method of data collection.

scholarly journals Women in Bollywood

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 4856-4863
Author(s):  
Umang Gupta, Dr. Rakesh Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Real World ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
The Real ◽  
Research Article ◽  
The World ◽  
Hindi Cinema

Cinema Industry is a popular form of mass media believed to entertain. This experience helps the audience to skip to the world that is ascetically different from the real world, the land which helps them to escape from the daily drudge of life. Cinema is a popular form of art medium which plays a vital role in reinforcing dominant cultural values, constructing images and molding opinion. This research article deals with the portrayal of women in mainstream cinema “Bollywood”. It is important to examine this issue as women are the large part of country’s population and therefore their representation on screen is essential for determining the existing stereotypes in society. This paper will investigate about how mainstream Hindi cinema is restricted with limited defined sketches of womanhood. It will also examine about whether the mainstream Hindi Cinema has been successful in representing women’s different shades through celluloid screen in a society with patriarchal values. The data collected for the research work is secondary. This study is exploratory and the method used for research is qualitative.

IOT Technology, Applications, and Challenges

2020 ◽  
pp. 65-113
Author(s):  
Asha Gowda Karegowda ◽  
Devika G. ◽  
Ramya Shree T. P.
Keyword(s):  
Operating Systems ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
Systems Architecture ◽  
The World ◽  
Technology Applications ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Exchange Data

The world we in is virtually becoming smaller since living and nonliving things are connected to the internet. Internet of things, or IoT, is a system of interconnected things, each with unique identifiers (UIDs) and the ability to exchange data without the need of human intervention. The rapid growth of IoT is considered the next wave for enhancing services in almost all sectors of life, at low cost and time. This chapter presents IoT in a broader context, in terms of its growth, IoT operating systems, architecture, and future trends of IoT. The major contribution is detailed information of umpteen IoT applications. The various benefits of IoT, matter of concerns with respect to IoT, scope of research work are also discussed. The integration of various technologies is the main enabling factor of IoT, yielding more benefits to society as a whole. Also, supports in understanding implementation technologies and the major applications of their domain where IoT plays a vital role and future problems for next 20 years are also explicated.

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