A Maturity Model for Understanding and Evaluating Digital Money

2021 ◽  
pp. 385-405
Author(s):  
Thomas Tribunella ◽  
Heidi R. Tribunella
Keyword(s):  
Risk Tolerance ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Maturity Model ◽  
Fiat Money ◽  
Digital Currency ◽  
Risks And Benefits ◽  
Safety And Reliability ◽  
History Of ◽  
Digital Money

As the internet and e-commerce expands, individuals will seek ways to earn and spend currency in the digital economy. Furthermore, faith in the fiat money systems of some countries is eroding and investors are searching for alternative ways to invest and store their wealth. Digital currencies (DC) are filling the demand for an alternative to government-based currency. Currently there are over 1,500 DCs with a market capitalization of over 450 billion (in US dollars) that are traded in thousands of markets. This chapter reviews the literature and history of DCs. Then the authors explain the related risks and benefits. Next, they add to the literature by proposing a model for judging the maturity of a DC. The digital currency maturity model (DCMM) will help individuals and organizations evaluate the safety and reliability of DCs given the investor's risk tolerance. Finally, the authors summarize their findings and suggest future research.

A Maturity Model for Understanding and Evaluating Digital Money

2019 ◽  
pp. 220-245
Author(s):  
Thomas Tribunella ◽  
Heidi R. Tribunella
Keyword(s):  
Risk Tolerance ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Maturity Model ◽  
Fiat Money ◽  
Digital Currency ◽  
Risks And Benefits ◽  
Safety And Reliability ◽  
History Of ◽  
Digital Money

As the internet and e-commerce expands, individuals will seek ways to earn and spend currency in the digital economy. Furthermore, faith in the fiat money systems of some countries is eroding and investors are searching for alternative ways to invest and store their wealth. Digital currencies (DC) are filling the demand for an alternative to government-based currency. Currently there are over 1,500 DCs with a market capitalization of over 450 billion (in US dollars) that are traded in thousands of markets. This chapter reviews the literature and history of DCs. Then the authors explain the related risks and benefits. Next, they add to the literature by proposing a model for judging the maturity of a DC. The digital currency maturity model (DCMM) will help individuals and organizations evaluate the safety and reliability of DCs given the investor's risk tolerance. Finally, the authors summarize their findings and suggest future research.

scholarly journals IS FUTURE A RULE OF DIGITAL CURRENCY???

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 96-106
Author(s):  
Hariharan Narayanan
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Central Banks ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Global Impact ◽  
Digital Currency ◽  
Physical Form ◽  
Digital Money ◽  
Payments Systems ◽  
Financial Consultants ◽  
Digital Or

Digital Currency (DC) is a form of currency that is available in digital or electronic form and not in physical form. Digitalization has remodeled money and payments systems. Although digital money itself is not new to modern economies, digital currencies now facilitate spontaneous peer-to-peer transfers of value in a way that was formerly impossible. Digital currency has already materialized in a variety of contexts. Digital Currency is an extent put away in a dispersed database on the Internet. This study is toted with the objective to highlight the concept of digital currency, its  various forms, evolution and growth, global impact, impact during COVID-19 and the future of digital currency. This is an historical descriptive study which flashes the opinions given by distinctive researchers and disparate financial consultants and central banks.

Cryptocurrency As An Alternative Currency In Malaysia: Issues and Challenges

ICR Journal ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-65
Author(s):  
Sheila Ainon Yussof ◽  
Abdullah Masoud Humaid Al-Harthy
Keyword(s):  
Tax Evasion ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Fiat Money ◽  
Digital Currency ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Terrorism Financing ◽  
The Government

Fintech (or financial technology) is the current driving force behind innovations in the financial services industry. One of the most debated innovations is cryptocurrency, or digital currency, which uses blockchain technology to make a direct electronic payment between two people possible, without going through a third party (like a bank) or expensive intermediaries in order to save costs. This future money is pressurising central banks to manage the looming threat of redundancy as it overshadows fiat currency in a world of infinite fintech possibilities. Bitcoin, being the first decentralised cryptocurrency, will be the focus of this research. This digital currency is not produced by minting money in an unlimited supply, but through a virtual mining process designed to control the supply of money and make it more valuable. The increasing pace in financial innovation is pushing regulators to make a change in the way they define money and what money can be. Traditionally money is used to serve as a medium of exchange, legal tender for repayment of debt, standard of value, unit of accounting measure and a means to save or store purchasing power. Bitcoin may not fulfill all the functions of money but its scarcity value, anonymity (or pseudonymity), transparency, and autonomy from the government, make it attractive to users who are speculators, traders, merchants, consumers and netizens disenchanted with fiat money. Despite the alluring features of Bitcoin, it is not spared from potential abuses such as webcrimes, tax evasion, fraud, online black markets, money laundering and terrorism financing. In this paper, a forensic examination of Bitcoins benefits and risks will help regulators decide whether to adopt cryptocurrency and provide an appropriate framework to regulate it based on other jurisdictions approach. This paper recommends that Malaysia should fully embrace cryptocurrency due to global trends - the Islamic Development Bank is developing Shariah compliant contracts using blockchain technology; China is leading the drive to develop its own national cryptocurrency to complement fiat money; and a Shariah-compliant cryptocurrency has already entered the market backed by gold (Onegram). Financial and regulatory architectures in Malaysia should accommodate these changes to remain relevant. In addition, future research is recommended focusing on developing a Shariah compliant national cryptocurrency that is unique to Malaysia.

scholarly journals REKONSTRUKSI INTEGRALISTIK INSTRUMEN MATA UANG BERBASIS SYARIAH (DIGITAL GOLD CURRENCY)

El Dinar ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Agus Faisal ◽  
Ahmad Nur Wahid ◽  
Irma Yuliani
Keyword(s):  
Narrative Analysis ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Digital Currency ◽  
The People ◽  
Payment Instruments ◽  
History Of ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Digital Money ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Islamic Values

<em>Digital currency is the result of the evolution of the medium of exchange that continues to develop from time to time among the people. Changes in payment instruments from traditional systems to digital systems are expected to have a positive impact on payment traffic both in terms of speed, ease and security for the community. The DGC (Digital Gold Currency) study was explored in more depth using qualitative descriptive methods and the application of integralistic technology reconstruction. Narrative analysis starts from the study of the history of the development of currency types to the use of digital currencies, the advantages and benefits for the economy in general. Furthermore, the reconstruction of integralistic technology for the formation of DGC (Digital Gold Currency) was carried out by combining three concepts, including: first, the use of currency technology (digital money) can provide convenience and security for the community, second, the use of gold as a currency standard due to the stability of its value and its existence is universally recognized, Third, the application of Islamic values in the formation of currency (shari'ate money) by returning the function of money in accordance with Islamic sharia.</em>

Living inside the NET

2016 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Brasilina Passarelli ◽  
Francisco Carlos Paletta
Keyword(s):  
Research Laboratory ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Critical Mass ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Internet ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
Economical Growth ◽  
The Internet Of Things

Internet is one of the biggest revolutions throughout the history of mankind. It has been opening minds, flourishing new abilities and creating social inclusion chances, helping to lead people to economical growth and a feel of purpose. Internet and its branches also bring issues, inherent to the ways of production, share ability and copyright, empowerment and other new challenges. This paper aims to highlight some examples of researchers regarding their studies on literacy (and illiteracy) in the WEB, inviting readers to think about the creative usage of Internet, facing it as much more than a mere tool: as a rich and challenging part of our lives, questioning the thoughts that usually leads us to “on” and “offline” categories. This classification seems to do not answer today's problems any longer, specially with the Internet of Things and Big Data reaching critical mass. Experiences with the School of the Future Research Laboratory – USP and more episodes are expounded, composing a peculiar landscape of the Internet as part of development of new skills and ways of thinking the world and mankind.

scholarly journals Social Media, Internet, and Memes Through the Lens of Political Geography

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Hemin Ismael ◽  
Mitchell Byers
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
World War ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of

Almost four billion people in the world use the internet which includes forms of social media such as Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Reddit, etc. Along with the gifts of such developed communication technologies, many hardships and future problems have emerged. Misinformation leaks, internet trolls, and the newer trend of cyber-nationalism all come with these advanced forms of technology. The purpose of this paper is to define what these negative consequences mean for us, and what our government is doing with this new power. To be able to grasp a scope of what is happening, the history of the internet and cyber-nationalism need to be distinguished as well as showing different forms of use and how they affect us in our daily lives. Looking through the eyes of a political geographer it is important to see if cyber-nationalism deserves its own category yet as a topic of study, and how this is similar or different to the use of propaganda in the past such as World War II. This paper concludes with final thoughts on the internet and cyber-nationalism, and future research possibilities that help to interpret the use of cyber-nationalism and further its study.

Craft Beer's Unlikely Alchemist

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 78-90
Author(s):  
Theresa McCulla
Keyword(s):  
San Francisco ◽  
Assembly Line ◽  
The United States ◽  
Risk Tolerance ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Intellectual Curiosity ◽  
Brewing Industry ◽  
Washing Machine ◽  
Craft Beer ◽  
History Of

In 1965, Frederick (Fritz) Maytag III began a decades-long revitalization of Anchor Brewing Company in San Francisco, California. This was an unexpected venture from an unlikely brewer; for generations, Maytag's family had run the Maytag Washing Machine Company in Iowa and he had no training in brewing. Yet Maytag's career at Anchor initiated a phenomenal wave of growth in the American brewing industry that came to be known as the microbrewing—now “craft beer”—revolution. To understand Maytag's path, this article draws on original oral histories and artifacts that Maytag donated to the Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of American History via the American Brewing History Initiative, a project to document the history of brewing in the United States. The objects and reflections that Maytag shared with the museum revealed a surprising link between the birth of microbrewing and the strategies and culture of mass manufacturing. Even if the hallmarks of microbrewing—a small-scale, artisan approach to making beer—began as a backlash against the mass-produced system of large breweries, they relied on Maytag's early, intimate connections to the assembly-line world of the Maytag Company and the alchemy of intellectual curiosity, socioeconomic privilege, and risk tolerance with which his history equipped him.

Bayesian Inference in Human Time Perception

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darren Rhodes
Keyword(s):  
Time Perception ◽  
Likelihood Function ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Temporal Properties ◽  
History Of Research ◽  
Psychophysical Testing ◽  
History Of ◽  
Fundamental Dimension ◽  
Perception Of Time

Time is a fundamental dimension of human perception, cognition and action, as the perception and cognition of temporal information is essential for everyday activities and survival. Innumerable studies have investigated the perception of time over the last 100 years, but the neural and computational bases for the processing of time remains unknown. First, we present a brief history of research and the methods used in time perception and then discuss the psychophysical approach to time, extant models of time perception, and advancing inconsistencies between each account that this review aims to bridge the gap between. Recent work has advocated a Bayesian approach to time perception. This framework has been applied to both duration and perceived timing, where prior expectations about when a stimulus might occur in the future (prior distribution) are combined with current sensory evidence (likelihood function) in order to generate the perception of temporal properties (posterior distribution). In general, these models predict that the brain uses temporal expectations to bias perception in a way that stimuli are ‘regularized’ i.e. stimuli look more like what has been seen before. Evidence for this framework has been found using human psychophysical testing (experimental methods to quantify behaviour in the perceptual system). Finally, an outlook for how these models can advance future research in temporal perception is discussed.

Reaching Spanish-Speakers in Self-Administered Surveys

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
J Michael Brick ◽  
Andrew Caporaso ◽  
Douglas Williams ◽  
David Cantor
Keyword(s):  
Single Phase ◽  
Spanish Language ◽  
Spanish Speakers ◽  
English Speakers ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Internet ◽  
English Only ◽  
Eligible Population ◽  
The Us ◽  
Survey Estimates

Decisions on public policy can be affected if important segments of the population are systematically excluded from the data used to drive the decisions. In the US, Spanishspeakers make up an important subgroup that surveys conducted in English-only underrepresent. This subgroup differs in a variety of characteristics and they are less likely to respond to surveys in English-only. These factors lead to nonresponse biases that are problematic for survey estimates. For surveys conducted by mail, one solution is to include both English and Spanish materials in the survey package. For addresses in the US where Spanish-speakers are likely to be living, this approach is effective, but it still may omit some non-English-speakers. Traditionally, including both English and Spanish materials for addresses not identified as likely to have Spanish-speakers was considered problematic due to concerns of a backlash effect. The backlash effect is that predominantly English-speakers might respond at a lower rate because of the inclusion of Spanish materials. Prior research found no evidence of a backlash, but used a twophase approach with a short screener questionnaire to identify the eligible population for an education survey. In this paper, we report on experiments in two surveys that extend the previous research to criminal victimization and health communication single-phase surveys. These experiments test the effect of the inclusion of Spanish language materials for addresses not identified as likely to have Spanish-speakers. Our findings confirm most results of the previous research; however we find no substantial increase in Spanish-only participation when the materials are offered in both languages for addresses that are not likely to have Spanish-speakers. We offer some thoughts on these results and directions for future research, especially with respect to collecting data by the Internet.

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