Productive Development Partnership as a Strengthening of the South-South Relationship

2022 ◽  
pp. 235-261
Author(s):  
Michele Vieira Espindola ◽  
Jorge Carlos Santos da Costa
Keyword(s):  
Multinational Corporations ◽  
Industrial Policy ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
South American ◽  
Private Institutions ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Unified Health System ◽  
National Production ◽  
Systemic Innovation ◽  
Productive Development

Productive Development Partnership (PDP) established by the Ministry of Health comprehends cooperation, by agreements, between public and private institutions for development, transfer, and absorption of technology regarding strategic products in accordance with the demands of the Unified Health System. The PDP program represents one of the most important initiatives for building an industrial policy and systemic innovation in the health area. It also could promote the strengthening of the national production, public-private integration, favoring the incorporation of new technologies, which were dominated only by big multinational corporations in the private pharmaceutical sector. Additionally, the establishment of a PDP with a pharmaceutical company from a South American country, which is also part of Mercosur, expands the range of interaction beyond those already existing with American, European, and Asian companies, strengthening technical development-scientific of the region that will be able to catalyze the interaction with other companies also from the region.

Encountering Home: A Contemporary Archaeology of Homelessness

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Courtney Singleton
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Multinational Corporations ◽  
Blow Up ◽  
Homeless Population ◽  
Occupy Wall Street ◽  
Private Institutions ◽  
Public Parks ◽  
Wall Street ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Banking Institutions

On 17 September 2011 people flooded Zuccotti Park inManhattan’s Downtown Financial District to protest multinational corporations and major banking institutions. Protestors left their houses and established encampments in public parks in over a hundred cities across America to live in solidarity as the ‘99%’. The 99% were ready for conflict between citizen and state, public and private institutions, but they did not expect the conflict that erupted within the encampments between protestors and local homeless populations. Despite the fact that protestors were living ‘homeless’ for symbolic and political purposes, they had not anticipated how to handle the homeless communities who they actively displaced and engaged in the service of their politics. As they pitched their tents, strung up tarpaulins, established communal kitchens, and inflated blow-up mattresses the 99% encountered the already-present local homeless population: people who were both known and unfamiliar, but who were meant to remain hidden and invisible. Cities where the Occupy Wall Street Movement (OWS) had a strong and quick start had more problems regarding homelessness than cities where the movement started later, but all Occupy protesters realized homelessness was an issue that had to be confronted (Ehrenreich 2011). Austin and Tampa, for example, used homelessness as the central organizing issue, one that could be easily grasped as a human circumstance with universal appeal. This was primarily because these cities were able to anticipate incidents that had arisen in New York, Denver, and Portland (see AP 2011; Nagourney 2011). Conflicts that first occurred in these cities allowed for later responses to be more proactive, and they subsequently positioned homelessness as a universalizing issue that everyone could rally behind (Ehrenreich 2011). In Denver, Portland, Boston, and New York City protestors expressed fear and apprehension towards the homeless, calling them ‘protest imposters’, ‘freeloaders’, and ‘rapists and gropers of females’ (Algar 2011; Huffington Post 2011a, 2011b; Occupy Wall Street 2011). One New York protestor stated that the homeless were ‘mentally ill and out-of-control’ (Algar 2011). The responses of the Occupy protesters at Zuccotti Park were rooted in a belief that there was a fundamental distinction between themselves and the homeless with whom they lived side-by-side and shared the same materials and spaces.

An Evaluation of Partnership for Productive Development in Brazil's Healthcare

2016 ◽  
pp. 662-681
Author(s):  
Jorge Lima Magalhães ◽  
Zulmira Hartz ◽  
Adelaide M. S. Antunes
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Knowledge Translation ◽  
Information Management ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Productive Development

21st Century brings great challenges in the information and knowledge areas. The public health is intensified in Developing and Less Developed Countries on account of parasitic diseases as well as developed countries because emerging and reemerging diseases. This diseases associated with chronic or acute diseases can intensify causing a serious health problem as drugs resistance, neglected disease and to afford perpetuate poverty. Thus, it is urgent new ways for information management. The management of the Partnership for Productive Development (PDP) have been shown a promising tool to help internalize new technologies and foster R,D&I. This chapter gives an evaluation for Healthcare using the example of the Brazilian PDP whose last way may be considered as a Knowledge Translation. In five years were conducted 103 PDP involving public and private pharmaceutical companies and international producer, promoting the development of local economy and reducing government spending from medicines derived from PDP.

An Evaluation of Partnership for Productive Development in Brazil's Healthcare

2016 ◽  
pp. 525-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Lima Magalhães ◽  
Zulmira Hartz ◽  
Adelaide M. S. Antunes
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Knowledge Translation ◽  
Information Management ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Productive Development

21st Century brings great challenges in the information and knowledge areas. The public health is intensified in Developing and Less Developed Countries on account of parasitic diseases as well as developed countries because emerging and reemerging diseases. This diseases associated with chronic or acute diseases can intensify causing a serious health problem as drugs resistance, neglected disease and to afford perpetuate poverty. Thus, it is urgent new ways for information management. The management of the Partnership for Productive Development (PDP) have been shown a promising tool to help internalize new technologies and foster R,D&I. This chapter gives an evaluation for Healthcare using the example of the Brazilian PDP whose last way may be considered as a Knowledge Translation. In five years were conducted 103 PDP involving public and private pharmaceutical companies and international producer, promoting the development of local economy and reducing government spending from medicines derived from PDP.

scholarly journals Ocorrência de readmissões hospitalares em um município de grande porte populacional

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (83) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruna Moreno Dias ◽  
Ariane Cristina Barboza Zanetti ◽  
Lucieli Dias Pedreschi Chaves ◽  
Carmen Silvia Gabriel
Keyword(s):  
Performance Indicator ◽  
Hospital Readmissions ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Private Institutions ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Unified Health System ◽  
Early Readmission ◽  
Care Health ◽  
Initial Hospitalization ◽  
Public And Private Hospitals

Objetivo: analisar as readmissões hospitalares em instituições públicas e privadas de um município de grande porte populacional. Método: Estudo observacional analítico das readmissões ocorridas em Ribeirão Preto, em 2011, em hospitais públicos e privados. Resultados: Identificou-se 16.123 readmissões hospitalares em 11 hospitais, com taxa média de readmissão de 14,2%. As readmissões mais frequentes ocorreram em pacientes em idade adulta, com no mínimo uma comorbidade associada. Predominaram as readmissões pelo Sistema Único de Saúde, em hospitais com mais de 100 leitos e elevada complexidade assistencial. A readmissão precoce está associada ao sexo, tipo de convênio e tempo de permanência na internação inicial. Conclusões: Os resultados sugerem que as readmissões estejam relacionadas à dinâmica da rede de serviços e à complexidade assistencial dos casos atendidos; seu monitoramento auxilia no processo de planejamento, programação e avaliação das ações em saúde; entretanto, a utilização desse indicador de desempenho deve acontecer em conjunto com outros indicadores, analisados de acordo com a realidade institucional e dos fatores intervenientes.Palavras-chave: Readmissão do Paciente; Indicadores de Qualidade em Assistência à Saúde; Acesso aos Serviços de Saúde. Occurrence of hospital readmissions in a large population municipalityABSTRACTObjective: to analyze hospital readmissions in public and private institutions in a large population size municipality. Method: Observational analytical study of readmissions in Ribeirão Preto in 2011, in public and private hospitals. Results: 16,123 hospital readmissions were identified in 11 hospitals, with a mean readmission rate of 14.2%. The most frequent readmissions occurred in adult patients, with at least one associated comorbidity. Readmissions were predominant in the Unified Health System, in hospitals with more than 100 beds and high complexity of care. Early readmission is associated with gender, type of health insurance plan and length of stay in the initial hospitalization. Conclusions: The results suggest that readmissions are related to the dynamics of the service network and to the complexity of care of the cases seen; its monitoring assists in the process of planning, programming and evaluating health actions; however, the use of this performance indicator should occur in conjunction with other indicators, analyzed according to the institutional reality and intervening factors.Keywords: Patient Readmission; Quality Indicators, Health Care; Health Services Accessibility.

Clinical trials — the personal perspective of the research physician?

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 256-263
Author(s):  
Maria Y. Egorova ◽  
Irina A. Shuvalova ◽  
Olga I. Zvonareva ◽  
Igor D. Pimenov ◽  
Olga S. Kobyakova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Study Drug ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Personal Perspective ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
To Receive

Background. The organization of clinical trials (CTs) requires the participation and coordination of healthcare providers, patients, public and private parties. Obstacles to the participation of any of these groups pose a risk of lowering the potential for the implementation of CTs. Researchers are a key human resource in conducting of CT. Their motivation for participation can have a significant impact on the recruitment and retention of patients, on the quality of the data collected, which determines the overall outcome of the study. Aims to assess the factors affecting the inclusion of Russian physicians-researchers in CT, and to determine their role in relations with patients-participants. Materials and methods. The study was organized as a part of the Russian multicenter face-to-face study. A survey was conducted of researchers from 10 cities of Russia (20172018). The participation in the survey for doctors was anonymous and voluntary. Results. The study involved 78 respondents. Most research doctors highly value the importance of research for science (4,84 0,39), society (4,67 0,46) and slightly lower for participating patients (4,44 0,61). The expectations of medical researchers are related to improving their financial situation and attaining new experience (n = 14; 18,18%). However, the opportunity to work with new technologies of treatment and diagnosis (n = 41; 52,56%) acted as a motivating factor. According to the questionnaire, the vast majority of research doctors (n = 29; 37,18%) believe that the main reason for patients to participate in CT is to receive quality and free medical care. The most significant obstacle to the inclusion of participants in CT was the side effects of the study drug (n = 38; 48,71%). Conclusions. The potential of clinical researchers in Russia is very high. The patient-participant acts for the research doctor as the subject of the study, and not the object, so the well-being of the patient is not indifferent to the doctor. However, the features of the functioning of our health care system form the motivation of doctors-researchers (additional earnings, professional self-development) and the way they perceive the motivation of patients (CT as an opportunity to receive quality medical care).

Tools for the development of innovative entrepreneurship in the region

2019 ◽  
pp. 66-72
Author(s):  
V. P. Basenko ◽  
V. A. Dianova
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Organizational Forms ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Economic Agents ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
New Organizational Forms ◽  
Innovative Solution ◽  
Public And Private Cooperation ◽  
Effective Use

The article is devoted to the problems of innovative enterprise development. Since the Russian economy is in a state of financial and economic stagnation, there is a need to apply radically new innovative directions of business activities that ensure the effective use of financial potential within the framework of national projects. Practice shows that today the business sector in Russia is not able to provide a full-fledged demand for new technologies. Therefore, there is a need for substantial state support to provide centralized orders for high-tech industries. There are already examples of combining the efforts of a number of Autonomous economic entities to implement innovative reforms, new organizational forms of interaction have been formed, such as: centers for the implementation of innovative ideas; centers for engineering services; business incubators, etc. The subjects of these organizational forms of cooperation developed and proposed measures aimed at innovative solution of technological problems relevant to the regional economy, as well as for the country as a whole. Link for the efficient interaction of economic agents becomes an inherent characteristic, is the need of implementation of mechanisms of coordination with “network interaction”. It is important to note the fact that the existing relations and forms of regulation of various systems are not permanent, there are no strategic concepts aimed at long-term public and private cooperation.

scholarly journals The Role of Place of Delivery in Preventing Neonatal and Infant Mortality Rate in India

Geographies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-62
Author(s):  
Ujjwal Das ◽  
Barkha Chaplot ◽  
Hazi Mohammad Azamathulla
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Private Institutions ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Place Of Delivery ◽  
At Home

Skilled birth attendance and institutional delivery have been advocated for reducing maternal, neonatal mortality and infant mortality (NMR and IMR). This paper examines the role of place of delivery with respect to neo-natal and infant mortality in India using four rounds of the Indian National Family Health Survey conducted in 2015–2016. The place of birth has been categorized as “at home” or “public and private institution.” The role of place of delivery on neo-natal and infant mortality was examined by using multivariate hazard regression models adjusted for clus-tering and relevant maternal, socio-economic, pregnancy and new-born characteristics. There were 141,028 deliveries recorded in public institutions and 54,338 in private institutions. The esti-mated neonatal mortality rate in public and private institutions during this period was 27 and 26 per 1000 live births respectively. The study shows that when the mother delivers child at home, the chances of neonatal mortality risks are higher than the mortality among children born at the health facility centers. Regression analysis also indicates that a professionally qualified provider′s antenatal treatment and assistance greatly decreases the risks of neonatal mortality. The results of the study illustrate the importance of the provision of institutional facilities and proper pregnancy in the prevention of neonatal and infant deaths. To improve the quality of care during and imme-diately after delivery in health facilities, particularly in public hospitals and in rural areas, accel-erated strengthening is required.

scholarly journals Wastewater Surveillance for SARS-CoV-2 on College Campuses: Initial Efforts, Lessons Learned, and Research Needs

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4455
Author(s):  
Sasha Harris-Lovett ◽  
Kara L. Nelson ◽  
Paloma Beamer ◽  
Heather N. Bischel ◽  
Aaron Bivins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Needs ◽  
Community Dynamics ◽  
The United States ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Private Institutions ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
College And University ◽  
University Systems

Wastewater surveillance for the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is an emerging approach to help identify the risk of a coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak. This tool can contribute to public health surveillance at both community (wastewater treatment system) and institutional (e.g., colleges, prisons, and nursing homes) scales. This paper explores the successes, challenges, and lessons learned from initial wastewater surveillance efforts at colleges and university systems to inform future research, development and implementation. We present the experiences of 25 college and university systems in the United States that monitored campus wastewater for SARS-CoV-2 during the fall 2020 academic period. We describe the broad range of approaches, findings, resources, and impacts from these initial efforts. These institutions range in size, social and political geographies, and include both public and private institutions. Our analysis suggests that wastewater monitoring at colleges requires consideration of local information needs, sewage infrastructure, resources for sampling and analysis, college and community dynamics, approaches to interpretation and communication of results, and follow-up actions. Most colleges reported that a learning process of experimentation, evaluation, and adaptation was key to progress. This process requires ongoing collaboration among diverse stakeholders including decision-makers, researchers, faculty, facilities staff, students, and community members.

Globalization and Biotechnology: UNESCO and an International Strategy to Advance Human Rights and Public Health

1999 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 479-541
Author(s):  
Allyn L. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Genetic Screening ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Genetic Diseases ◽  
Genome Project ◽  
Biomedical Science ◽  
International Strategy ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Privacy And Confidentiality

The global Human Genome Project (HGP) promises dramatic advances in biomedical science and in identifying and treating diseases and illnesses that exact an enormous toll on people throughout the world. The HGP portends a conceptual revolution in health care: many foresee a new “predictive medicine” based on the development of genetic screening, testing and gene therapy.Although advances in genetic science create the potential for dramatic progress against disease in rich and poor states, they also pose profound national and global policy concerns, including the potential impact of the scientific developments on human rights and public health. The development of more precise genetic information raises the specter of genetic discrimination by public and private sectors in all nations with access to the new technologies. In addition, nations will grapple increasingly with the appropriate balance between screening for and treatment of genetic diseases in order to promote public health and protect individual rights to privacy and confidentiality. Genetic screening and services also raise human rights questions relating to equitable resource allocation and the protection of public health.

scholarly journals The Fragmentation of Global Governance Architectures: A Framework for Analysis

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 14-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Biermann ◽  
Philipp Pattberg ◽  
Harro van Asselt ◽  
Fariborz Zelli
Keyword(s):  
Global Governance ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
World Politics ◽  
Private Institutions ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Governance Challenges ◽  
Alternative Hypotheses ◽  
Governance Architecture

Most research on global governance has focused either on theoretical accounts of the overall phenomenon or on empirical studies of distinct institutions that serve to solve particular governance challenges. In this article we analyze instead “governance architectures,” defined as the overarching system of public and private institutions, principles, norms, regulations, decision-making procedures and organizations that are valid or active in a given issue area of world politics. We focus on one aspect that is turning into a major source of concern for scholars and policy-makers alike: the “fragmentation” of governance architectures in important policy domains. The article offers a typology of different degrees of fragmentation, which we describe as synergistic, cooperative, and conflictive fragmentation. We then systematically assess alternative hypotheses over the relative advantages and disadvantages of different degrees of fragmentation. We argue that moderate degrees of fragmentation may entail both significant costs and benefits, while higher degrees of fragmentation are likely to decrease the overall performance of a governance architecture. The article concludes with policy options on how high degrees of fragmentation could be reduced. Fragmentation is prevalent in particular in the current governance of climate change, which we have hence chosen as illustration for our discussion.

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