scholarly journals Ocorrência de readmissões hospitalares em um município de grande porte populacional

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (83) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruna Moreno Dias ◽  
Ariane Cristina Barboza Zanetti ◽  
Lucieli Dias Pedreschi Chaves ◽  
Carmen Silvia Gabriel
Keyword(s):  
Performance Indicator ◽  
Hospital Readmissions ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Private Institutions ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Unified Health System ◽  
Early Readmission ◽  
Care Health ◽  
Initial Hospitalization ◽  
Public And Private Hospitals

Objetivo: analisar as readmissões hospitalares em instituições públicas e privadas de um município de grande porte populacional. Método: Estudo observacional analítico das readmissões ocorridas em Ribeirão Preto, em 2011, em hospitais públicos e privados. Resultados: Identificou-se 16.123 readmissões hospitalares em 11 hospitais, com taxa média de readmissão de 14,2%. As readmissões mais frequentes ocorreram em pacientes em idade adulta, com no mínimo uma comorbidade associada. Predominaram as readmissões pelo Sistema Único de Saúde, em hospitais com mais de 100 leitos e elevada complexidade assistencial. A readmissão precoce está associada ao sexo, tipo de convênio e tempo de permanência na internação inicial. Conclusões: Os resultados sugerem que as readmissões estejam relacionadas à dinâmica da rede de serviços e à complexidade assistencial dos casos atendidos; seu monitoramento auxilia no processo de planejamento, programação e avaliação das ações em saúde; entretanto, a utilização desse indicador de desempenho deve acontecer em conjunto com outros indicadores, analisados de acordo com a realidade institucional e dos fatores intervenientes.Palavras-chave: Readmissão do Paciente; Indicadores de Qualidade em Assistência à Saúde; Acesso aos Serviços de Saúde. Occurrence of hospital readmissions in a large population municipalityABSTRACTObjective: to analyze hospital readmissions in public and private institutions in a large population size municipality. Method: Observational analytical study of readmissions in Ribeirão Preto in 2011, in public and private hospitals. Results: 16,123 hospital readmissions were identified in 11 hospitals, with a mean readmission rate of 14.2%. The most frequent readmissions occurred in adult patients, with at least one associated comorbidity. Readmissions were predominant in the Unified Health System, in hospitals with more than 100 beds and high complexity of care. Early readmission is associated with gender, type of health insurance plan and length of stay in the initial hospitalization. Conclusions: The results suggest that readmissions are related to the dynamics of the service network and to the complexity of care of the cases seen; its monitoring assists in the process of planning, programming and evaluating health actions; however, the use of this performance indicator should occur in conjunction with other indicators, analyzed according to the institutional reality and intervening factors.Keywords: Patient Readmission; Quality Indicators, Health Care; Health Services Accessibility.

scholarly journals Prevalence of HIV and Treponema pallidum infections in pregnant women in Campinas and their association with socio-demographic factors

1996 ◽  
Vol 114 (2) ◽  
pp. 1108-1116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliana Amaral ◽  
Anibal Faúndes ◽  
Neiva Sellan Lopes Gonçales ◽  
Jordão Pellegrino Jr. ◽  
Carmino Antonio de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Private Insurance ◽  
Treponema Pallidum ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Private Institutions ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
Private Hospitals ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Public And Private Hospitals ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

The anonymous seroprevalence of HIV and syphilis was studied by collecting umbilical cord blood samples from 5,815 women who gave birth in Campinas' hospitals throughout a six-month period. ELISA and Western blot were used for HIV, and VDRL and TPHA for Treponema pallidum screening. While maintaining the anonymity of the women, information was recorded on the hospital of origin, divided into university (public) and private hospitals, as well as on the form of payment (social security, private insurance or direct payment), age, marital status, education, employment and place of residence. Seroprevalence was 0.42 percent for HIV and 1.16 percent for syphilis. There was a significant correlation between a positive reaction to the two infections (p=0.02). After univariate and logistic regression analysis, only university hospitals were shown to be associated with seropositivity for HIV, whereas the same variable and an older age were associated with syphilis. All positive reactions were found either in public hospitals or among social security patients treated at private institutions. The conclusion was that HIV infection is becoming almost as prevalent as syphilis among this population, and affects primarily the lower socio-economic strata. This suggests that routine, voluntary HIV serology should be considered and discussed with patients during prenatal or delivery care whenever a population shows a seroprevalence close to or greater than 1 percent.

Productive Development Partnership as a Strengthening of the South-South Relationship

2022 ◽  
pp. 235-261
Author(s):  
Michele Vieira Espindola ◽  
Jorge Carlos Santos da Costa
Keyword(s):  
Multinational Corporations ◽  
Industrial Policy ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
South American ◽  
Private Institutions ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Unified Health System ◽  
National Production ◽  
Systemic Innovation ◽  
Productive Development

Productive Development Partnership (PDP) established by the Ministry of Health comprehends cooperation, by agreements, between public and private institutions for development, transfer, and absorption of technology regarding strategic products in accordance with the demands of the Unified Health System. The PDP program represents one of the most important initiatives for building an industrial policy and systemic innovation in the health area. It also could promote the strengthening of the national production, public-private integration, favoring the incorporation of new technologies, which were dominated only by big multinational corporations in the private pharmaceutical sector. Additionally, the establishment of a PDP with a pharmaceutical company from a South American country, which is also part of Mercosur, expands the range of interaction beyond those already existing with American, European, and Asian companies, strengthening technical development-scientific of the region that will be able to catalyze the interaction with other companies also from the region.

scholarly journals The Role of Place of Delivery in Preventing Neonatal and Infant Mortality Rate in India

Geographies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-62
Author(s):  
Ujjwal Das ◽  
Barkha Chaplot ◽  
Hazi Mohammad Azamathulla
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Private Institutions ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Place Of Delivery ◽  
At Home

Skilled birth attendance and institutional delivery have been advocated for reducing maternal, neonatal mortality and infant mortality (NMR and IMR). This paper examines the role of place of delivery with respect to neo-natal and infant mortality in India using four rounds of the Indian National Family Health Survey conducted in 2015–2016. The place of birth has been categorized as “at home” or “public and private institution.” The role of place of delivery on neo-natal and infant mortality was examined by using multivariate hazard regression models adjusted for clus-tering and relevant maternal, socio-economic, pregnancy and new-born characteristics. There were 141,028 deliveries recorded in public institutions and 54,338 in private institutions. The esti-mated neonatal mortality rate in public and private institutions during this period was 27 and 26 per 1000 live births respectively. The study shows that when the mother delivers child at home, the chances of neonatal mortality risks are higher than the mortality among children born at the health facility centers. Regression analysis also indicates that a professionally qualified provider′s antenatal treatment and assistance greatly decreases the risks of neonatal mortality. The results of the study illustrate the importance of the provision of institutional facilities and proper pregnancy in the prevention of neonatal and infant deaths. To improve the quality of care during and imme-diately after delivery in health facilities, particularly in public hospitals and in rural areas, accel-erated strengthening is required.

scholarly journals Wastewater Surveillance for SARS-CoV-2 on College Campuses: Initial Efforts, Lessons Learned, and Research Needs

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4455
Author(s):  
Sasha Harris-Lovett ◽  
Kara L. Nelson ◽  
Paloma Beamer ◽  
Heather N. Bischel ◽  
Aaron Bivins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Needs ◽  
Community Dynamics ◽  
The United States ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Private Institutions ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
College And University ◽  
University Systems

Wastewater surveillance for the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is an emerging approach to help identify the risk of a coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak. This tool can contribute to public health surveillance at both community (wastewater treatment system) and institutional (e.g., colleges, prisons, and nursing homes) scales. This paper explores the successes, challenges, and lessons learned from initial wastewater surveillance efforts at colleges and university systems to inform future research, development and implementation. We present the experiences of 25 college and university systems in the United States that monitored campus wastewater for SARS-CoV-2 during the fall 2020 academic period. We describe the broad range of approaches, findings, resources, and impacts from these initial efforts. These institutions range in size, social and political geographies, and include both public and private institutions. Our analysis suggests that wastewater monitoring at colleges requires consideration of local information needs, sewage infrastructure, resources for sampling and analysis, college and community dynamics, approaches to interpretation and communication of results, and follow-up actions. Most colleges reported that a learning process of experimentation, evaluation, and adaptation was key to progress. This process requires ongoing collaboration among diverse stakeholders including decision-makers, researchers, faculty, facilities staff, students, and community members.

scholarly journals The Fragmentation of Global Governance Architectures: A Framework for Analysis

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 14-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Biermann ◽  
Philipp Pattberg ◽  
Harro van Asselt ◽  
Fariborz Zelli
Keyword(s):  
Global Governance ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
World Politics ◽  
Private Institutions ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Governance Challenges ◽  
Alternative Hypotheses ◽  
Governance Architecture

Most research on global governance has focused either on theoretical accounts of the overall phenomenon or on empirical studies of distinct institutions that serve to solve particular governance challenges. In this article we analyze instead “governance architectures,” defined as the overarching system of public and private institutions, principles, norms, regulations, decision-making procedures and organizations that are valid or active in a given issue area of world politics. We focus on one aspect that is turning into a major source of concern for scholars and policy-makers alike: the “fragmentation” of governance architectures in important policy domains. The article offers a typology of different degrees of fragmentation, which we describe as synergistic, cooperative, and conflictive fragmentation. We then systematically assess alternative hypotheses over the relative advantages and disadvantages of different degrees of fragmentation. We argue that moderate degrees of fragmentation may entail both significant costs and benefits, while higher degrees of fragmentation are likely to decrease the overall performance of a governance architecture. The article concludes with policy options on how high degrees of fragmentation could be reduced. Fragmentation is prevalent in particular in the current governance of climate change, which we have hence chosen as illustration for our discussion.

scholarly journals Influence of pharmaceutical marketing mix strategies on physicians’ prescribing behaviors in public and private hospitals, Dessie, Ethiopia: a mixed study design

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abel Demerew Hailu ◽  
Birhanu Demeke Workneh ◽  
Mesfin Haile Kahissay
Keyword(s):  
Study Design ◽  
Marketing Mix ◽  
Pharmaceutical Marketing ◽  
Depth Information ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Private Hospitals ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Qualitative Design ◽  
Prescribing Behavior ◽  
Public And Private Hospitals

Abstract Background Prescription drugs constitute the primary source of revenue for the pharmaceutical industry. Most pharmaceutical companies commit a great deal of time and money to market in hopes of convincing physicians about their products. The objective of this study is to assess perceived influence of pharmaceutical marketing mix strategies on physicians’ prescribing behaviors in hospitals, Dessie, Ethiopia. Methods Mixed methods sequential explanatory design was employed in two public and three private hospitals. A cross-sectional study design was employed by including (136) physicians working in public and private hospitals. Percentage, mean, standard deviation, and multiple linear regressions were computed using Statistical Package for Social Science. In the second phase, the phenomenological design was employed to fully explore in-depth information. Purposive sampling was used to select key informants and 14 in-depth interviews were conducted by the principal investigator. Content analysis was performed using Nvivo 11 plus and interpretation by narrative strategies. Results The overall perceived influence of pharmaceutical marketing mix strategies in physicians’ prescribing behavior was 55.9%. The influence of promotion, product, place and price strategy perceived by physicians in their prescribing behavior was 83 (61%), 71(52.2%), 71 (52.2%), 80 (58.8%) respectively. There was a statistically significant difference among marketing mix strategies (β = 0.08, p = < 0.001). Determinants on the influence of physicians’ prescribing behavior were specialty (p = 0.01) and working areas (p = 0.04). The qualitative design also generates additional insights into the influence of pharmaceutical marketing mix strategies on physician prescribing behavior. Conclusions More than half of physicians perceived that pharmaceutical marketing mix strategies influence their prescribing behavior. The qualitative design also revealed that pharmaceutical marketing mix strategies influenced physicians prescribing behavior. Strengthening the regulation and maintaining ethical practice would help to rationalize the physicians’ prescribing practice.

scholarly journals The role of the nurse in the neonatal intensive care unit: between the ideal, the real and the possible

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liciane Langona Montanholi ◽  
Miriam Aparecida Barbosa Merighi ◽  
Maria Cristina Pinto de Jesus
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Public And Private Hospitals ◽  
The City ◽  
Social Phenomenology ◽  
The Ideal

The nurse is one of the professionals responsible for the care directed toward the physical, mental and social development of newborns in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. This study aimed to comprehend the experience of nurses working in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Data collection was performed in 2008, through interviews with 12 nurses working in public and private hospitals of the city of São Paulo. The units of meaning identified were grouped into three categories: Developing actions; Perceiving their actions and Expectations. The analysis was based on social phenomenology. It was concluded that the overload of activities, the reduced number of staff, the lack of materials, equipment and the need for professional improvement are the reality of the work of the nurse in this sector. To supervise the care is the possible; integral care of the newborn, involving the parents, is the ideal desired.

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