Effects of glyphosate plus foliar manganese application on the production and quality of marandu grass

In this study, the stimulatory effects of application of glyphosate herbicide coupled with manganese sulfate (8%) foliar fertilizer on the production and bromatological characteristics of Brachiaria brizantha ‘Marandu’ were evaluated. The experiments were performed using randomized complete block design with a 5×4 factorial scheme in plots subdivided over time (across four evaluations) with four repetitions, totaling 100 observations. The effects of sublethal doses of acid equivalent (a.e.) of glyphosate (5.40, 21.60, 64.80, and 108.00 g·a.e.·ha-1) and control plus manganese sulfate foliar fertilizer (1,000 g ha-1) were assessed in four successive evaluations at a defoliation frequency of 21 days. Foliage at 20 cm height (to evaluate forage production); leaf/stem ratio (LSR); and contents of crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and lignin (LIG) were measured in experimental plots with a usable area of 7.5 m2. Application of sublethal doses of glyphosate plus manganese sulfate did not increase forage production, increased LSR, reduced LIG content, and did not affect CP content in all four evaluations. NFD and ADF indicated satisfactory qualitative indices for animal feed following the application of sublethal doses of glyphosate plus manganese sulfate in all four evaluations.

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Effect of glyphosate drift on marandu grass

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2021v42n1p347 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 347-360

Author(s):

Luciane da Cunha Codognoto ◽

◽

Thassiane Telles Conde ◽

Glaucia Faria Amorim ◽

Katia Luciene Maltoni ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Forage Yield ◽

Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽

Sublethal Dose ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Sublethal Doses ◽

Urochloa Brizantha ◽

Chemical Traits ◽

Glyphosate Drift ◽

And Control

Glyphosate drift in plants that are not resistant to the herbicide molecule can result in stimulation to certain biological features, characterizing the phenomenon of hormesis. On this basis, productive and chemical traits were evaluated in marandu grass, in a simulation of the drift effect, using sublethal doses of the herbicide glyphosate. The experiment was in laid out in a randomized-block design with split plots in time, in four replicates. The effect of sublethal doses of glyphosate acid equivalent (a.e.) (21.60, 43.20, 64.80, 86.40 and 108.00 g ha-1) and control was evaluated in the plots; and the effect of harvesting at 92, 113, 134 and 155 days after sowing (DAS) the grass was evaluated in the subplots. The Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu was collected at a height of 0.20 m, at a defoliation interval of 21 days, to estimate production and chemical traits, in experimental plots with a usable area of 7.5 m2. Leaf: stem ratio was influenced by the interaction between the evaluated factors (dose and harvest). Dose fitted a second-order polynomial model, with a hormesis effect of 21.60 to 76.50 g ha-1 of glyphosate a.e. Harvesting at 134 DAS differed significantly from 92 DAS. The forage yield showed a linear response inversely proportional to the increasing glyphosate doses. There was a polynomial increase in leaf phosphorus content, characterizing hormesis up to the sublethal dose of 72.50 g a.e. ha-1. Harvest influenced the neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, lignin and leaf phosphorus contents.

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Lamb performance in hardwood silvopastures, I: animal gains and forage measures in summer

Translational Animal Science ◽

10.1093/tas/txz154 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 385-399 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Gabriel J Pent ◽

Scott P Greiner ◽

John F Munsell ◽

Benjamin F Tracy ◽

John H Fike

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Black Walnut ◽

Forage Yield ◽

Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽

Experimental Unit ◽

Percent Cover ◽

Forage Production ◽

Cool Season ◽

Mixed Grass ◽

Stocking Rates

Abstract The integration of trees into pasture systems can have variable effects on forage and animal growth. Some reports of these systems have indicated that animal gains are similar or better even when tree presence lowers forage yield. Forage production and animal performance were compared in black walnut (Juglans nigra L.)-based and honeylocust (Gleditisia triacanthose L.)-based silvopasture systems and open pastures in a randomized complete block design with three blocks over three summers. Cool season-based, mixed grass pastures were rotationally stocked with four to seven lambs depending on available forage. A rising plate meter was used to estimate pre- and post-graze forage mass. Forage samples of the mixed sward were collected and analyzed for nitrogen (N) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) concentrations. Species percent cover was estimated using a modified Daubenmire approach at the same 12 points within each experimental unit every 4 wk during the study. Pre-graze herbage mass was similar (P = 0.0717) in honeylocust silvopastures (5020 ± 30 kg·ha−1) and open pastures (4930 ± 30 kg·ha−1) and lowest (P < 0.0001) in the black walnut silvopastures (3560 ± 30 kg·ha−1). Forages in the black walnut and honeylocust silvopastures had similar (P = 0.4867) N concentrations (23.3 ± 0.4 and 23.9 ± 0.4 g·kg−1, respectively), which was greater (P ≤ 0.0003) than that of the forages in the open pastures (21.0 ± 0.4 g·kg−1). Forages in the honeylocust silvopasture had lower (P ≤ 0.0042) NDF concentrations (507 ± 3 g·kg−1) than forages in the black walnut silvopasture and open pastures (mean = 525 ± 3 g·kg−1). Forage species present in the black walnut silvopastures differed from those present in the open and honeylocust systems, which had similar composition. Despite differences in stocking rates, total lamb weight gains per system did not differ (P ≥ 0.7592) among black walnut, honeylocust, and open pasture systems (10 ± 2, 12 ± 2, and 10 ± 2 kg·d−1, respectively). Silvopasture practices can improve land productivity when incorporated into cool season forage pastures.

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PRODUCTION AND NUTRITIVE VALUE OF CANARANA ERECTA LISA (Echinocloa piramidalis Lam.) IN RESPONSE TO HARVEST INTERVALS

Ciência Animal Brasileira ◽

10.1590/1809-6891v20e-52300 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 ◽

Author(s):

Angela Maria de Vasconcelos ◽

Mauricio Cesio Araujo Dutra ◽

Robson Mateus Freitas Silveira ◽

Valdson José da Silva ◽

Luís Alfredo Pinheiro Leal Nunes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nutritive Value ◽

Block Design ◽

Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽

Experimental Unit ◽

Forage Production ◽

Dry Matter Digestibility ◽

Forage Digestibility ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Harvest Intervals

Abstract The objective of this study was to compare and explain the variations in the production and nutritive value of canarana erecta lisa grass (Echinocloa pyramidalis Lam.) at different harvest intervals. The treatments corresponded to the cut intervals of 20, 27, 34, 41, 48, 55, 62, and 69 days. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with three replications. Each experimental unit had 6m2 (3m ×2m). The variables studied included forage production, canopy height, and nutritive value o harvested forage. Forage production varied from 11517 to 12324 kg ha-1; Plant heights from 48.8 to 234 cm; Neutral detergent fiber (NDF) from 68.8% to 71.13%; Acid detergent fiber (ADF) from 36.20% to 44.15%; Crude protein (CP) from 11.43% to 5.85% and in “in vitro” dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) from 63.30% to 47.42%. These values indicated that the nutritive value of canarana erecta lisa was reduced at longer harvest intervals. It is recommended to harvest the grass at 35 days of regrowth favoring productivity, nutritive value and forage digestibility.

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Nutritional quality of massai grass fertilized with phosphorus and nitrogen and its influence on intake and weight gain of sheep under rotational grazing on quartzipsamment soil

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2017v38n3p1417 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 38 (3) ◽

pp. 1427

Author(s):

Thais Valéria Souza Silva ◽

Luciano Fernandes Sousa ◽

Antônio Clementino dos Santos ◽

Ana Cristina Holanda Ferreira ◽

Rebeca Rocha Cardoso ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Nutritional Quality ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Management Practice ◽

Block Design ◽

Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽

Dry Matter Intake ◽

Panicum Maximum ◽

Significant Difference

The effects of phosphate and nitrogen fertilization on aspects of forage composition and ruminal fermentation were separately evaluated pre- and post-grazing, in addition to the dry matter intake and weight gain of sheep grazing Panicum maximum cv. Massai under a rotational system on Quartzipsamment soil. The aim was to evaluate the effect of fertilization with different levels of phosphorous (50 and 200 kg P2O5/ha) and nitrogen (100 and 400 kg N/ha) compared to unfertilized control soil. The experiment was conducted at the School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science at Universidade Federal do Tocantins – UFT, in a randomized complete block design with four replicates in a factorial 2 × 2 design. The study area consisted of 32 paddocks (301 m²), each of which had previously been sown with Panicum maximum cv. Massai. The experimental area was managed under intermittent stocking with a variable stocking rate. Twenty-eight crossbreed sheep were used for grazing management. Evaluations were made before and after grazing, including forage evaluation and measurement of ruminal degradability and intake (using titanium dioxide as the external marker). Regarding the forage composition, a significant difference (P < 0.05) was observed between the control and fertilizer treatments for neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber, crude protein, lignin and phosphorous content. Fertilization was found to alter the nutritional quality of Panicum maximum cv. Massai grass. Among the nutritional aspects evaluated, fertilization influenced NDF, grass digestibility and dry matter intake. The forage composition of Massai grass is improved by fertilization with nitrogen at 100 kg N/ha and phosphate up to 50 kg P2O5/ha, which represents a relevant management practice for increasing quantity and quality.

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Chemical composition of cactus pear cladodes under different fertilization and harvesting managements

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0100-204x2018000200011 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 53 (2) ◽

pp. 221-228

Author(s):

Gil Mario Ferreira Gomes ◽

Magno José Duarte Cândido ◽

Marcos Neves Lopes ◽

Theyson Duarte Maranhão ◽

Dhones Rodrigues de Andrade ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Block Design ◽

Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽

Single Superphosphate ◽

Cactus Pear ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Total Carbohydrates

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of combined phosphorus and nitrogen fertilization and of harvesting frequency on the chemical composition of 'Gigante' cactus pear (Opuntia ficus-indica) cladodes. The experiment was carried out in two municipalities, Quixadá and Tejuçuoca, in the state of Ceará, Brazil. Fertilization with nitrogen (urea) and phosphorus (single superphosphate) was done with nine doses, respectively: 10 and 70, 70 and 10, 70 and 70, 70 and 130, 100 and 100, 130 and 70, 130 and 130, 130 and 190, and 190 and 130 kg ha-1 per year, besides 100 kg ha-1 N and P2O5 per year as the control. The harvesting frequencies evaluated were annual and biannual. A randomized complete block design was adopted, in split plot, with four replicates. The effect of fertilization on the contents of total dry matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, organic matter, and total carbohydrates in the cladodes varies with harvesting frequency and site. Regarding harvesting frequency, there were higher contents of organic matter, total carbohydrates, and neutral detergent fiber, but lower contents of crude protein for the biannual harvesting in both municipalities. Annual harvesting improves the nutritional quality of primary and secondary cladodes in the municipality of Quixadá and of secondary and tertiary cladodes in Tejuçuoca.

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Quality of silage produced from intercropped corn RR and soybeans RR

Bioscience Journal ◽

10.14393/bj-v35n6a2019-39869 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 35 (6) ◽

Author(s):

Isabella Sichierski Cardoso ◽

Adriano Jakelaitis ◽

Karolyna Oliveira Marques ◽

Katia Cylene Guimarães ◽

Leandro Spíndola Pereira

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Grain Filling ◽

Experimental Period ◽

Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽

Double Row ◽

Average Temperature ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Secondary Factor ◽

Fertilization System

The objective of this study was to produce silage from intercropped RR glyphosate tolerant corn (RR - Roundup Ready) and RR soybeans under Brazilian Cerrado conditions. The research was carried out in off-season between February and June 2015, in Rio Verde, Goiás (Brazil). In the experimental period the rainfall was 865 mm and the average temperature of 23.7°C. Two trials were performed. The first had corn rows spaced in 1 m with a row of soybeans in the interrow. The second had double corn rows interspersed with one row of soybeans, all spaced in 0.50 m. In both trials, we used a randomized block design, in a 2x2+3 factorial scheme, with four replications. Primary factor consisted of two types of pre-sowing fertilization: one only in corn rows and the other over the total area. The secondary factor corresponded to two soybean varieties: medium and late cycle variety. In addition, three control treatments were made: one of corn and two of soybeans. The corn cutoff point was at the hard farinaceous stage when the milk line reaches half the grain, and in the sole crop soybean at the R5.5 final phase of grain filling. Silage was stored in PVC experimental silos for 60 days. The intercropped treatments, in both spatial arrangements, promoted increases in neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber contents. Soybean monoculture presented high values of crude protein and ethereal extract. There were higher effluent losses in medium-cycle soybean variety silage when it was grown in single cropping. However, the lowest effluent losses were recorded for silages of medium-cycle soybean intercropped under a double row pre-sowing corn fertilization system. The soybeans mixed silages produced together with corn under off-season conditions did not yield satisfactory results.

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PERBAIKAN PENAMPILAN BUAH ABIU (Pouteria caimito Radlk.) MELALUI PEMBERONGSONGAN DAN APLIKASI PESTISIDA

Jurnal Pertanian Presisi (Journal of Precision Agriculture) ◽

10.35760/jpp.2019.v3i2.2267 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 106-119

Author(s):

Moh Nailun Ni'am ◽

Slamet Susanto

Keyword(s):

Experimental Design ◽

Block Design ◽

Plant Origin ◽

Single Factor ◽

Active Compounds ◽

Performance Quality ◽

Vitamine C ◽

And Control ◽

Better Than

Abiu is one of plant origin from Latin America, but it has been adapted and developed in Indonesia. Fruit defects are one of the main problem that decrease the performance quality of abiu. Fruit bagging combine with pesticides are expected to overcome tthe problem. This research aims to study the effect of many kinds of pesticide active compounds to abiu performance quality. This research was conducted at Desa Babakan Lebak, Kecamatan Kota Bogor Barat, and Post-harvest Laboratory of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University. The experimental design used was Random Complete Block Design one factor, with 10 replications. This research was consisted of five treatments as a single factor, those were bagging + profenofos 500EC (P1); bagging + Mankozeb 80WP and Streptomicyn sulfat 20WP (P2); bagging + propinep 70WP (P3), bagging without pesticides (P4), and control (P5). Result of this research indicated that treatment of bagging in combination with pesticide active compounds has significant effect on fruit appereance, especially in the fruit smoothnes. The best treatment is the combination of bagging with the addition of mankozeb and streptomycin sulfate pesticide active compounds, which can improve fruit smoothness 26% better than control. The treatment of pesticide active compounds didn’t have significan effectt on the diameter, softness, weight, volume, TSS, TTA, and vitamine C variables.

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An investigation on improved source population for the alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) breeding

Legume Research - An International Journal ◽

10.18805/lr-420 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Sebahattin Albayrak ◽

Mehmet Oten ◽

Mevlut Turk ◽

Mehmet Alagoz

Keyword(s):

Medicago Sativa ◽

Block Design ◽

Forage Yield ◽

Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽

Source Population ◽

Acid Detergent Lignin ◽

Yield And Quality ◽

Feed Value ◽

Medicago Sativa L

The aim of the research was to determine the forage yield and quality of thirty alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) genotypes. Plots were established in 2014 in Isparta, Turkey, in a randomized complete block design with 3 replicates. Five cuttings were done during the 2015, 2016 and 2017. The dry matter yield (DMY), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), acid detergent lignin (ADL) and relative feed value (RFV) were determined. According to the three years average results, significant differences were determined for all parameters. Alfalfa genotypes viz., Cay-1, Cay-2, Keciborlu-1 and Keciborlu-3 were selected for alfalfa breeding program due to their superior yield and quality features.

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Dry matter yield and nutritional value of Marandu grass under nitrogen fertilization and irrigation in cerrado in São Paulo

Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia ◽

10.1590/s1516-35982010001200006 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 39 (12) ◽

pp. 2598-2603 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Elisângela Dupas ◽

Salatiér Buzetti ◽

André Luis Sarto ◽

Fernando Braz Tangerino Hernandez ◽

Antonio Fernando Bergamaschine

Keyword(s):

Dry Matter ◽

Nutritional Value ◽

Block Design ◽

Sprinkler Irrigation ◽

Dry Season ◽

Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽

Dry Matter Yield ◽

Forage Production ◽

Wet Season ◽

Acid Detergent Fiber

The aim of this study was to evaluate dry matter yield and nutritional value of palisade grass (Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu) using nitrogen doses and sprinkler irrigation in two periods of the year, aiming at reducing seasonality of forage production. It was used a randomized block design in a split-plot scheme, with five doses of nitrogen (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 kg/ha/cut), and the sub-plots were defined by the seasons of the year (wet and dry season), with and without irrigation. During the wet season, in the plots with and without irrigation, doses of 175 and 161 kg/ha/cut promoted the highest dry matter yields. During the dry season, 171 kg ha-1N with irrigation resulted in the highest dry matter yield. During the same season, there was no response to N fertilization in the lack of irrigation. Average contents of CP were 10% with and without irrigation. Contents of neutral detergent fiber decreased with nitrogen doses, while acid detergent fiber was not affected by fertilization. Plots under irrigation reached the maximal acid detergent fiber content at N dose of 60 kg ha-1. Irrigation promotes increase of 15% increase in dry matter yield and it increases contents of neutral detergent fiber.

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The potential of tropical grass as a feed in ruminant by using an in vitro gas production

MATEC Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/matecconf/201819706005 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 197 ◽

pp. 06005

Author(s):

Nevyani Asikin ◽

Anuraga Jayanegara ◽

Muhamad Ridla ◽

Anjas Asmara Samsudin

Keyword(s):

Animal Feed ◽

Block Design ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Proximate Analysis ◽

Gas Production ◽

Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽

In Vitro Gas Production ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Tropical Grass

Pennisetum purpoides is one of the most widely cultivated tropical forages and it is often used as animal feed in Indonesia. However, grass feeding could not fulfill the need of nutrients if served as single feed because it contained of high crude fiber and low protein. In terms of nutritional adequacy, animal feed should contain complete nutritional value in order to achieve an optimum productivity. This experiment aimed to elucidate the potential of tropical grass as a feed in ruminant by using an in vitro gas production technicque. The grasses were determined for proximate analysis, Van Soest fiber fractions (neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber and acid detergent lignin), and in vitro rumen fermentation parameters. This study was conducted from January until April 2018 at Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia. This study used a randomized block design with 3 replications. There were three treatments tested in this study, i.e. (1) Pennisetum purpoides (T1), (2) Setaria splendida (T2), (3) Setaria anceps (T3). Parameters measured in the in vitro study is total gas production. Data were tested using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and continued with Duncan test if there was a significant difference among treatments. The data showed that gas production is not significantly different (P>0,05).

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