scholarly journals Characteristics of learning and training of elite athletics in Brazil: the perspective of experienced coaches

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
André Felipe Caregnato ◽  
Mayara Torres Ordonhes ◽  
Marcelo Moraes Silva ◽  
Fernando Renato Cavichiolli
Keyword(s):  
Olympic Games ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Training Process ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Work Model ◽  
Teaching Learning ◽  
Elite Athletics ◽  
And Training ◽  
The Ideal

The present study sought to verify the perspective of the coaches regarding the teaching, learning and training process in Brazilian Athletics. Semi-structured interviews were applied to six Brazilian athletics coaches with participation in the Olympic Games. From the interviews, two categories were defined: formation and development of athletes; talent and long-term training. About the age indicated to start in athletics, the coaches reported that the ideal (f = 56.90%) is that the athlete starts in the sport in the youth. However, they chose not to stipulate a single age group to start in the sport. Characteristics that induce the organization of a work model in athletics (f= 26.14%) were frequent in the speeches. There was a lack of specific parameters on how the profession of coaching should be exercised - in this case athletics - it is necessary to have structures that enable the development of the coach’s career.  

Being Suspicious of the Sense of Ease and Undeterred by the Sense of Difficulty: Looking Back at Schmidt and Bjork (1992)

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Bjork
Keyword(s):  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Training Needs ◽  
Term Retention ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
Rate Of Learning ◽  
Long Term Retention ◽  
Experimental Findings ◽  
Teaching Learning ◽  
And Training

Richard Schmidt and I titled our article “New Conceptualizations of Practice: Common Principles in Three Paradigms Suggest New Concepts for Training” to reflect our view that prevailing ideas about how to optimize teaching, learning, and practicing were, in our words, “at best incomplete, and at worst incorrect.” We argued that teachers and trainers were susceptible to being misled by two commonsense assumptions—namely, that procedures that enhance performance during training are the procedures of choice and that the context of training needs to match in detail the posttraining context that is the target of training. A variety of then-recent experimental findings challenged both assumptions and demonstrated, in particular, that procedures posing certain difficulties and appearing to slow the rate of learning often enhanced long-term retention and transfer of to-be-learned skills and knowledge. Given the parallel nature of such findings for both motor and verbal learning, we concluded that principles of considerable generality could be deduced to upgrade teaching and training.

scholarly journals The Program of mental self-regulation of athletes engaged in Martial Arts

2021 ◽  
pp. 66-71
Author(s):  
Bogdan Kindzer ◽  
Neonila Partyko ◽  
Oksana Khurtenko ◽  
Ksenia Berezyak ◽  
Oles Pryshva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Martial Arts ◽  
Athletic Performance ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Scientific Intelligence ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Training Process ◽  
Training Cycle ◽  
High Level ◽  
And Training

Being at a high level of sports form, some athletes who specialize in Martial Arts cannot cope with negative emotions, which leads to a decrease in their athletic performance. In the competitive and post-competitive periods there are sharp negative emotional shifts, so most athletes who specialize in Martial Arts, in particular Sambo wrestling (sports and combat sections) unable to normalize their condition, so the psychologist, as well as the coach – must support the athlete during the formation and development of his self-regulation in terms of many years of training. As a result of theoretical research, members of the research group developed a program of mental self-regulation of Sambo fighters (combat section) in the system of their annual training cycle. The program developed by us provides consideration of features of the organization of educational and training process of sportsmen who specialize in Martial Arts at various stages of an annual cycle of their preparation, namely: preparatory period (general-preparatory and special-preparatory stages) – formation of a positive and active attitude to the development and self-improvement of self-regulation skills in different conditions of long-term training of athletes specializing in Martial Arts, development and improvement of mental functions that underlie the provision of self- regulation of Sambo fighters (combat section); competitive stage – training of combat sambo wrestlers to manage their own consciousness aimed at achieving maximum sports results, increasing the emotional stability of combat Sambo wrestlers; transitional stage – restoration (stabilization) of mental and psychophysical levels of combat Sambo wrestlers. Prospects for further research in the chosen direction of scientific intelligence include testing the program of mental self- regulation of Sambo fighters (combat section) in the system of their annual training cycle.

scholarly journals Peculiarities of formation of physical preparedness of athletes in athletics

2021 ◽  
pp. 40-46
Author(s):  
V.I. Bobrovnick ◽  
M.L. Tkachenko ◽  
D.S. Danyluk ◽  
S.G. Lytvynenko
Keyword(s):  
Athletic Performance ◽  
Olympic Games ◽  
Track And Field ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Training Process ◽  
World Championship ◽  
The World ◽  
Physical Abilities ◽  
And Training ◽  
Sydney Australia

In the training of all-round track and field athletes there are basically two ways to achieve high athletic performance. The first one is the improvement and development of those basic skills, to which the athlete is more predisposed (to speed, strength, etc.). The essence of the second one lies in the fact that it is aimed at equal improvement of all physical abilities for mastering the events included in decathlon and heptathlon (sprint events, jump events, speed-strength events and endurance events). The athletic performance rates of Ukrainian all-rounders, participating at these competitions, are 400-800 points behind. The best place of the Ukrainian athlete Olexiy Kasyanov at the World Championship 2009 was third with 8470 points, and the worst 23rd place was taken by Fedir Laukhin (7652 points) at the Olympic Games 2000 in Sydney (Australia). The irregular participation of Ukrainian all-round athletes in the main sports forums (Olympic Games and world championships) shows that the system of training decathletes in our country does not meet the expected standards. It is possible to distinguish many reasons for such performances. In recent years they are associated with the fact that the leaders of decathletes traditionally don’t participate in the championships of Ukraine. So, all other athletes have no possibilities to compete with the strongest in this particular sport and to show their highest results. And this happens along with the absence of highly qualified coaches and conditions for the educational and training process.

scholarly journals Training Neural Network Elements Created From Long Shot Term Memory

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-10
Author(s):  
Kostantin Nikolic
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Feedforward Neural Networks ◽  
Stochastic Search ◽  
Training Algorithms ◽  
Recurrent Networks ◽  
Training Process ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
And Training ◽  
Training Neural Network

This paper presents the application of stochastic search algorithms to train artificial neural networks. Methodology approaches in the work created primarily to provide training complex recurrent neural networks. It is known that training recurrent networks is more complex than the type of training feedforward neural networks. Through simulation of recurrent networks is realized propagation signal from input to output and training process achieves a stochastic search in the space of parameters. The performance of this type of algorithm is superior to most of the training algorithms, which are based on the concept of gradient. The efficiency of these algorithms is demonstrated in the training network created from units that are characterized by long term and long shot term memory of networks. The presented methology is effective and relative simple.

‘Alert not alarm’: The UK experience of public counter-terrorism awareness and training, with explicit reference to Project ARGUS

2019 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-182
Author(s):  
Dylan Aplin ◽  
Marian Brooke Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Training Tool ◽  
Counter Terrorism ◽  
Shopping Centre ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Training

This study evaluates the contribution of a UK counter-terrorism training tool, the Project ARGUS simulation exercise format, designed to increase preparedness by ‘alerting not alarming’ the populace to the prevailing ‘severe’ international terrorist threat. The paper draws upon the theoretical basis for preparedness in order to contend that, despite exceeding expectations in terms of quantity of events delivered and evidence of immediate post-event learning, Project ARGUS does not wholly live up to its promise to change the behaviour of individuals and organisations by embedding long-term learning. The researchers designed and analysed pre- and post-event questionnaires (N = 120) in order to explore the impact of attendance at an ARGUS Retail event within a shopping centre. This information was then augmented with a follow-up survey (N = 44) and semi-structured interviews (N = 9) of key facilitators and participants. The authors recommend the immediate adoption of an appropriate evaluation and certification scheme to mandate participation and embed organisational learning. They argue that adoption of these approaches would better enable ARGUS to fulfil its potential and make a significant contribution to improving the resilience of busy crowded places to terrorism in the UK.

scholarly journals DYNAMICS OF THE RESULTS OF TRADITIONAL PRIZES AT 1600 M HORSES OF RUSSIAN TROTTING HORSES FOR 2000-2020

2021 ◽  
pp. 154-161
Author(s):  
N. P. Platonova ◽  
A. A. Bondar
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Complex Trait ◽  
Total Effect ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Breeding Parameters ◽  
Old Russian ◽  
Breeding Work ◽  
And Training ◽  
The Ideal

In the presented work, the dynamics of the results of the drawing of traditional prizes at a distance of 1600 m by horses of the Russian trotting breed, which were tested from 2000 to 2020 at the Kyiv Hippodrome, was investigated. The main breeding trait of Russian trotting horses is speed. This is a complex trait that is formed during ontogenesis and indirectly includes several other breeding parameters: the correctness of the exterior, the level of health. The results of the prizes were analyzed: Ideal (stallions and mares 2 years old), Govorukhi (mares 2 years old), Three-year open, Derby (4 years old), Elite (for older horses). Future (for stallions and mares 3 years old). The data of the primary zootechnical registration of the Kyiv hippodrome were analyzed based on the results of the traditional prizes for a distance of 1600 m for the period 2000-2020. Statistical analysis of the collected data was carried out using classical biometric methods. At the same time, there is a tendency to improve speed in the Derby prize (4 years old) (p<0.1) and in prizes for two-year-old horses: the Ideal prize (stallions and mares 2 years old) (p<0.1) and Govorukha prize (mares 2 years old) (p<0.1). The resulting tendency may indicate the total effect of genetic (an increase in early maturity and the formation of working qualities of 2-year-old Russian trotting horses) and phenotypic factors (improvement of the technology of feeding, raising and training horses of this age group). In all the studied prizes, a speed improvement was observed, which indicates a successful selection and breeding work with the Russian trotting breed in this direction.

scholarly journals Exploring the use of goal proximity by Olympic athletes: A preliminary study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 18-23
Author(s):  
Greg Sun
Keyword(s):  
Olympic Games ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Olympic Athletes ◽  
Elite Level ◽  
Systematic Planning ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Data Source

An athlete’s 4-year Olympic preparation cycle requires systematic planning involving the use of short- and long-term goals. These goals provide athletes with increased motivation, persistence, effort and direction in their goal pursuit. Short-term goals can be viewed as steppingstones towards the long-term goals. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the use of short- and long-term goals by Olympic athletes. A qualitative design was used, with semi-structured interviews as the major data source. Participants were purposefully sampled from a typically understudied sports population. Four male Olympians, representing swimming and athletics, shared their experiences about how and why they set and used short- and long-term goals. The athletes spent an average of 11.3 years training and competing at the elite level. Findings revealed that winning a national championship and competing at the Olympic Games were their major long-term goals. Furthermore, these goals did not change during their athletic career. Short-term goals were primarily set to learn, develop and improve their skills/techniques that would allow them to reach their ultimate goals. Major competitive events (e.g. national championships, Pan Am Games, Olympic Games) dictated how they planned these goals. The findings also support previous research suggesting the use of both short and long-term goals. Coaches and young athletes can use the information provided to plan their sports goals. Future research should investigate the goal setting practices of team versus individual sport Olympic athletes.

scholarly journals Tough Transitions: Family Caregiver Experiences with a Pediatric Long Term Ventilation Discharge Pathway

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jackie Chiang ◽  
Allia Karim ◽  
Andrea Hoffman ◽  
Karen Dryden Palmer ◽  
Krista Keilty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Training Process ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Building Capacity ◽  
Knowledge And Skills ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
Caregiver Experiences ◽  
Long Term Ventilation ◽  
Inductive Thematic Analysis

Objectives: Discharging a child home on long term ventilation (LTV) via tracheostomy is complex and involves multiple healthcare providers across healthcare sectors. To date, patient and family feedback of a newly developed LTV discharge pathway has been anecdotal. Our objective was to explore the perceptions of family caregivers (FCs) that have completed the LTV pathway to home with respect to their: (1) experience with transitions across the pathway (2) perceptions of competency attainment and, (3) viewed opportunities for improvement. Methods: We conducted 11 semi structured interviews with FCs. Interviews focused on FCs experience with the training process, perception of competency from a knowledge and skill perspective and opportunities for improvement. Interviews were audiotaped, transcribed verbatim, coded and analyzed using an inductive thematic analysis approach. Results: Eight mothers and 3 fathers of 10 children participated. Six primary themes were identified: 1) making an informed decision, 2) transitioning to rehabilitation, 3) building capacity for self-care, 4) coordinating case management, 5) readying for discharge home and, 6) experiencing home care. Conclusion: Overall, FCs felt that the preparation and transition support obtained through the application of a standardized LTV discharge pathway allowed successful attainment of new knowledge and skills necessary to care for their child with LTV at home.

scholarly journals Prospects for the introduction into the System of long-term training of athletes who specialize in Martial Arts binary training sessions

2021 ◽  
pp. 63-70
Author(s):  
Serhii Lazorenko ◽  
Andrii Panchuk ◽  
Ilona Panchuk ◽  
Stanislav Lazorenko ◽  
Yevhen Kravchuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Martial Arts ◽  
Current Level ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Sports Performance ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Training Process ◽  
Professional Coaching ◽  
Coaching Activities ◽  
And Training

The current level of development of Olympic and non-Olympic Martial Arts requires athletes and their coaches to form a sufficient level of Professional Competencies that provide high sports performance during their participation in Competitions of various ranks. The main Purpose of the Research is to determine the Essential characteristics of the Readiness of coaches who Specialize in Martial Arts to organize binary training sessions in the System of long-term training of athletes who specialize in Martial Arts with the involvement of Highly Qualified Specialists (Honored coaches, leading Scientists and Highly qualified Martial Arts Specialists). As a Result of Theoretical Research, members of the Research Group determined the Essential characteristics of the readiness of coaches who Specialize in Martial Arts to organize binary training sessions in the System of long-term training of Martial Arts athletes with the involvement of Highly Qualified Specialists (Honored coaches, leading Scientists and Highly Qualified Martial Arts Specialists) – personal Education which is formed by means of the accentuated Pedagogical Influence (taking into account Modern achievements of Science and Technology) on the formation of coaches' readiness to raise the Prestige of Ukrainian athletes who specialize in Olympic and non-Olympic Martial Arts in the International Arena, to the organization of the System of long-term training of Martial Arts athletes in different variable conditions of the Educational and Training process and ensures the coordination of their knowledge about the content and Structure of Professional coaching activities, as well as the requirements of this activity to the level of comprehensive training of athletes who Specialize in Martial Arts at different stages of their long-term training, formed Competencies for the Organization of binary training sessions (theoretical and practical, Forms of Physical Training, etc.) in the Annual Cycle of training of athletes who Specialize in Martial Arts with the opportunities and needs formed and realized by them in the Process of Professional development.

scholarly journals Responsibility experience for your own life through volunteering

2022 ◽  
Vol 131 ◽  
pp. 03007
Author(s):  
Vida Gudzinskiene ◽  
Neringa Kurapkaitiene
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Life Experience ◽  
Prior Experience ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Research Participants ◽  
Is Research ◽  
Change Of Life

Phenomenon of the Volunteering reveals itself through dedicated time for volunteering, duration of volunteering commitment, area where volunteering is implemented and through age group of the volunteers. The object of the study is volunteering experience of young adults. Interpretative Phenomenological Analyses is research methodology. According to the phenomenological approach, research itself is not focusing on any foreseen objectives, oriented to the volunteers’ experience. In this article is presented part of the research, giving deeper view on one of the super-ordinates theme, with the aim: to present responsibility for your own life experience of young adults in long term and fulltime volunteering, while volunteered is held in social help area. In the study participated 6 research participants, 3 young men and 3 young women, 20–30 years old. To collect the data of the research were used semi-structured interviews. Conclusions of the study presented in this article shows 1) that through volunteering experience research participants perceived power and duty of own life’s quality. They got awareness about their own life – they can and they must be responsible of own life. 2) This power of responsibility is hidden in themselves and change of own life depends on the decisions made by them while volunteering. Prior experience of responsibility is opening decision possibilities and freedom possibilities in any change of life.

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