Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulation for Automatic Rack and Pinion Steering System

2012 ◽  
Vol 229-231 ◽  
pp. 2135-2139
Author(s):  
Mohd Zakaria Mohammad Nasir ◽  
Abdurahman Dwijotomo ◽  
Mohd Azman Abdullah ◽  
Muhammad Zahir Hassan ◽  
Khisbullah Hudha
Keyword(s):  
Steering System ◽  
Steering Wheel ◽  
Hardware In The Loop ◽  
Driver Assistance ◽  
Acceptable Error ◽  
Linear Pattern ◽  
Active Safety System ◽  
Steering Mechanism ◽  
Xpc Target ◽  
Target Environment

As new features for driver assistance and active safety system are going rapidly in vehicle, the interface between hardware and simulation model within a virtual and real environment has become necessity. In this paper, a Hardware-in-the-loop Simulations (HILS) test rig has been develop using actual rack and pinion steering mechanism with controller in Matlab xPC Target environment, LVDT and rotary encoder sensors installed for data measurement at various steering angle. It can manipulate the steering mechanism with various control structure, decrease time with real experiment and trial risk as well as improve development efficiency. Results from HILS experimental model demonstrate a linear pattern occurred from maximum lock-to-lock steering wheel angle with acceptable error.

scholarly journals Design and Fabrication of Steering Gear Mechanism with Movable Headlights Using Embedded Systems

2021 ◽  
pp. 180-187
Author(s):  
Kemparaju C.R. ◽  
Mohammed Nabeel Ahmed ◽  
B Meghanath ◽  
Mayur Laxman Kesarkar ◽  
Manoj DR
Keyword(s):  
Embedded System ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Steering System ◽  
Steering Wheel ◽  
The Road ◽  
Steering Mechanism ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Safety Features ◽  
The Individual

The main aim of any design must not solely be targeted on customer satisfaction however conjointly customer safety following this the amount of accidents are witness solely because of poor lighting facilities provided in automobiles on curved road static headlights are insufficient since they point tangential it along any point of curve instead of pointing in the vehicles direction so to avoid this problem steering controlled headlamp system has been projected which might hopefully flip out to be a boon to the individual driving through the sinusoidal roads throughout night times. Special safety features are built into cars for years some for the security of car’s occupants only, and some for the security of others. One among the alternatives available in design and fabrication of steering controlled headlight system. car safety is important to avoid automobile accidents or to minimise the harmful effect of accidents, especially as concerning human life and health. automobiles are controlled by incorporating steering controlled headlight mechanism. The Ackerman steering mechanism helps the motive force to guide the moving vehicles calls on the road by turning it right or left consistent with his needs thus a combination of the steering system and embedded system link kills the headlights within the direction as per the rotation of the steering wheel. this mechanism has been incorporated in BMW, Audi Q-7 and Benz etc., to make sure a safer drive, but our main aim is to implement the system in all vehicles at lower cost.

scholarly journals Hierarchical Synchronization Control Strategy of Active Rear Axle Independent Steering System

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 3537
Author(s):  
Bin Deng ◽  
Han Zhao ◽  
Ke Shao ◽  
Weihan Li ◽  
Andong Yin
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategy ◽  
Rear Axle ◽  
Rear Wheel ◽  
Steering System ◽  
Synchronization Error ◽  
Synchronization Control ◽  
Steering Wheel ◽  
Disturbance Rejection Control ◽  
Steering Mechanism ◽  
Uncertain Disturbances

The synchronization error of the left and right steering-wheel-angles and the disturbances rejection of the synchronization controller are of great significance for the active rear axle independent steering (ARIS) system under complex driving conditions and uncertain disturbances. In order to reduce synchronization error, a novel hierarchical synchronization control strategy based on virtual synchronization control and linear active disturbance rejection control (LADRC) is proposed. The upper controller adopts the virtual synchronization controller based on the dynamic model of the virtual rear axle steering mechanism to reduce the synchronization error between the rear wheel steering angles of the ARIS system; the lower controller is designed based on an LADRC algorithm to realize an accurate tracking control of the steering angle for each wheels. Experiments based on a prototype vehicle are conducted to prove that the proposed hierarchical synchronization control strategy for the ARIS system can improve the control accuracy significantly and has the properties of better disturbances rejection and stronger robustness.

A New Hydraulic Power Steering System for Hybrid City Bus

2013 ◽  
Vol 321-324 ◽  
pp. 1562-1565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Lin Yang ◽  
Ren Guang Wang ◽  
Lin Tao Zhang ◽  
Chao Yu ◽  
Guang Kui Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steering System ◽  
Steering Wheel ◽  
Hydraulic Pressure ◽  
Power Steering System ◽  
City Bus ◽  
Power Steering ◽  
Steering Mechanism ◽  
New Type ◽  
Type Power ◽  
Hydraulic Power Steering

A new type power steering system was developed for electric hybrid city bus. It is mainly composed of fluid reservoir, electric motor, steering pump, safety valve, solenoid, pressure sensor, hydraulic cylinder, braking air tank, controller, steering wheel, steering angle sensor, steering control valve, mechanical steering mechanism, steering power cylinder. Its main idea is based on using of pressure from braking air tank to push a cylinder to generate hydraulic pressure. It can provide enough pressure for steering needing timely. And the steering pump does not need working at the time of no steering requirement. The application of a new type power steering system can save energy to improve fuel efficiency.

scholarly journals Features of driving of the steering wheel driving cars

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-25
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Dityatyev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Steering System ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Parallel Structure ◽  
Steering Wheel ◽  
Algebraic Equations ◽  
Sequential Structure ◽  
Swing Arm ◽  
Steering Mechanism ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Low Efficiency

Existing methods of diagnosing steering can be characterized by low efficiency. For various reasons, both declarative and actual (supported by the equipment) methods, as a rule, have low accuracy and inability to localize faults. The car's built-in diagnostics cannot affect the situation due to the small number of sensors in the steering system. The reasons for the low accuracy of the methods include design features, low availability of components (low maintainability). Difficulties in localization of malfunctions are caused by the structural scheme which is characterized by parallel - consecutive construction. The parameters of diagnostic methods are analyzed, the proposed method is based on the structure of the steering, in the implementation of which test effects are applied to the steered wheels. In total it is necessary to carry out three measurements of backlashes and as a result of mathematical processing of results it becomes possible to localize malfunction in three links of consecutive elements of the steering mechanism or a steering drive. In accordance with this approach, steering is considered as a set of three structures - parallel and two sequential. Rack and pinion steering was used as a model. Here, the parallel structure includes elements of the steering linkage: swing arm, left and right; steering rod, left and right; steering rack - left and right hinges. The sequential structure - left, includes a swing arm, left; steering rod, left; steering rack hinge, left; steering gear, steering shaft, steering wheel. Accordingly, the sequential structure of the right includes similar elements with the attribute "right". The structure of the steering play is considered in a similar way. As a result, it becomes possible to obtain a transformed system of three algebraic equations connecting clearances in three groups of mates and backlashes in parallel and two sequential steering structures. To measure the backlash, the turntables of the BOSCH FWA 4410 stand were used; in another version, the wheels were hung out. As a result of tests carried out on VW GOLF, VW PASSAT and RENAULT 25 vehicles with significant mileage, data was obtained indicating the need for technical interventions on localized groups of interfaces.

scholarly journals Modeling, Validation, and Control of Electronically Actuated Pitman Arm Steering for Armored Vehicle

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vimal Rau Aparow ◽  
Khisbullah Hudha ◽  
Zulkiffli Abd Kadir ◽  
Megat Mohamad Hamdan Megat Ahmad ◽  
Shohaimi Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Control Method ◽  
Dc Motor ◽  
Steering System ◽  
Safety System ◽  
Active Safety ◽  
Active Safety System ◽  
Steering Mechanism ◽  
Position Tracking Control ◽  
Armored Vehicle ◽  
And Control

In this study, 2 DOF mathematical models of Pitman arm steering system are derived using Newton’s law of motion and modeled in MATLAB/SIMULINK software. The developed steering model is included with a DC motor model which is directly attached to the steering column. The Pitman arm steering model is then validated with actual Pitman arm steering test rig using various lateral inputs such as double lane change, step steer, and slalom test. Meanwhile, a position tracking control method has been used in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the validated model to be implemented in active safety system of a heavy vehicle. The similar method has been used to test the actual Pitman arm steering mechanism using hardware-in-the-loop simulation (HILS) technique. Additional friction compensation is added in the HILS technique in order to minimize the frictional effects that occur in the mechanical configuration of the DC motor and Pitman arm steering. The performance of the electronically actuated Pitman arm steering system can be used to develop a firing-on-the-move actuator (FOMA) for an armored vehicle. The FOMA can be used as an active safety system to reject unwanted yaw motion due to the firing force.

Design Approach for the Vehicle's Steering Linkage Fitted on Rigid Axle

2016 ◽  
Vol 822 ◽  
pp. 18-25
Author(s):  
Ion Preda ◽  
Dinu Covaciu ◽  
Gheorghe Ciolan
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Function ◽  
Mobile Element ◽  
Steering System ◽  
Design Approach ◽  
Steering Wheel ◽  
Easy Task ◽  
Simple Mechanism ◽  
Steering Mechanism ◽  
Optimization Function

The steering system of a vehicle consists of two subsystems: the steering linkage, which correlates the steering angles of all the steerable road-wheels, and the actuation subsystem, which connects the driver's steering-wheel with one mobile element of the steering linkage. In the case of the vehicles with rigid steering axles, the most used steering linkage is a simple mechanism, composed of four bars (one being the base) connected with four joints. However, the design of the steering linkage isn't an easy task, mainly because the wanted correlation function is difficult to specify and because the packaging restrictions are very important. The present paper shows a possible approach to define the optimization function and the dimensions of the correlation steering mechanism.

scholarly journals Development of Estimation Force Feedback Torque Control Algorithm for Driver Steering Feel in Vehicle Steer by Wire System: Hardware in the Loop

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheikh Muhammad Hafiz Fahami ◽  
Hairi Zamzuri ◽  
Saiful Amri Mazlan
Keyword(s):  
Control Algorithm ◽  
Force Feedback ◽  
Steering System ◽  
Front Axle ◽  
Torque Control ◽  
Steering Wheel ◽  
Hardware In The Loop ◽  
Linear Quadratic ◽  
Steering Feel ◽  
Steer By Wire

In conventional steering system, a feedback torque is produced from the contact between tire and road surface and its flows through mechanical column shaft directly to driver. This allows the driver to sense the steering feel during driving. However, in steer by wire (SBW) system, the elimination of the mechanical column shaft requires the system to generate the feedback torque which should produce similar performance with conventional steering system. Therefore, this paper proposes a control algorithm to create the force feedback torque for SBW system. The direct current measurement approach is used to estimate torque at the steering wheel and front axle motor as elements to the feedback torque, while, adding the compensation torque for a realistic feedback torque. The gain scheduling with a linear quadratic regulator controller is used to control the feedback torque and to vary a steering feel gain. To investigate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, a real-time hardware in the loop (HIL) methodology is developed using Matlab XPC target toolbox. The results show that the proposed algorithm is able to generate the feedback torque similar to EPS steering system. Furthermore, the compensation torque is able to improve the steering feel and stabilize the system.

PROJECT ON ELECTRONIC STEERING SYSYTEM

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Shivam Dwivedi ◽  
Prof. Vikas Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Steering System ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Variable Pressure ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
Control Techniques ◽  
Steering Mechanism ◽  
Dynamics And Control ◽  
Active Research ◽  
Electronic Steering ◽  
And Control

As the four-wheel steering (4WS) system has great potentials, many researchers' attention was attracted to this technique and active research was made. As a result, passenger cars equipped with 4WS systems were put on the market a few years ago. This report tries to identify the essential elements of the 4WS technology in terms of vehicle dynamics and control techniques. Based on the findings of this investigation, the report gives a mechanism of electronically controlling the steering system depending on the variable pressure applied on it. This enhances the controlling and smoothens the operation of steering mechanism.

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