LiFePO4/Li Batteries with Mixtures of Carbonate and Ionic Liquid [EMIM]+[TFSI]- as High Properties and Safety Electrolyte

2013 ◽  
Vol 275-277 ◽  
pp. 2375-2380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Li ◽  
Shao Jun Wang ◽  
Li Wei ◽  
Wei Na Tao ◽  
Xue Yang Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Transference Number ◽  
Organic Electrolyte ◽  
Mixed Electrolyte ◽  
Coulomb Efficiency ◽  
Li Batteries ◽  
Thermal Stability Of ◽  
First Discharge Capacity

The electrolyte optimum composition consists of 1mol/L LiTFSI in the [EMIM]+[TFSI]-mixed with EC and DMC in weight ratio of 60:20:20. The LiFePO4/Li cell using 1 mol/L LiTFSI/([EMIM]+[TFSI]-/EC/DMC) as electrolyte show that the first coulomb efficiency was 90% and the first discharge capacity was 168mAh g-1. The 15th reversible capacities were maintain 157mAh g-1at 0.2C. Compared with traditional organic electrolyte and pure IL electrolyte, IL-based mixed electrolyte have good coulomb efficiencies and higher charge and discharge performances. The lithium transference number of IL-based mixed electrolyte at room temperature are 0.59. Thermal stability of IL-based mixed electrolyte higher than traditional organic electrolyte, and show almost non-flammability by the burning tests.

Magnetic Hardening Induced by Exchange Coupling in Mechanically Milled Antiferromagnetic - Ferromagnetic Composites

1999 ◽  
Vol 581 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Sort ◽  
J. Nogués ◽  
X. Amils ◽  
S. Suriñach ◽  
J.S. Muñoz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Saturation Magnetization ◽  
Mechanical Milling ◽  
Exchange Coupling ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Broad Distribution ◽  
Energy Product ◽  
Magnetic Hardening ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

ABSTRACTMechanical milling has been used to synthesize ferromagnetic (FM, Co) - antiferromagnetic (AFM, NiO) composites. The coercivity, HC, and energy product, BHMax, of these composites can be enhanced at room temperature after appropriate heat treatments above the Néel temperature of the AFM, TN. Although the maximum Hc is achieved for the (NiO)1: 1 (Co) weight ratio, BHMax is further enhanced for the (NiO)2:3(Co) ratio, where higher saturation magnetization is obtained due to the larger amount of FM. Exchange coupling, responsible for these effects, decreases as the temperature is increased and vanishes close to TN. The thermal stability of the coercivity enhancement remains rather insensitive to the somewhat broad distribution of blocking temperatures of this system.

Thermal Breakdown Kinetics of 1-Ethyl-3-Methylimidazolium Ethylsulfate Measured Using Quantitative Infrared Spectroscopy

2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (12) ◽  
pp. 2626-2631 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey L. Wheeler ◽  
McKinley Pugh ◽  
S. Jake Atkins ◽  
Jason M. Porter
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Molar Absorptivity ◽  
Ir Absorption ◽  
Optical Cell ◽  
Multiple Samples ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

In this work, the thermal stability of the room temperature ionic liquid (RTIL) 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethylsulfate ([EMIM][EtSO4]) is investigated using infrared (IR) spectroscopy. Quantitative IR absorption spectral data are measured for heated [EMIM][EtSO4]. Spectra have been collected between 25 ℃ and 100 ℃ using a heated optical cell. Multiple samples and cell pathlengths are used to determine quantitative values for the molar absorptivity of [EMIM][EtSO4]. These results are compared to previous computational models of the ion pair. These quantitative spectra are used to measure the rate of thermal decomposition of [EMIM][EtSO4] at elevated temperatures. The spectroscopic measurements of the rate of decomposition show that thermogravimetric methods overestimate the thermal stability of [EMIM][EtSO4].

Enhanced Thermal Stability of Esterified Lignin in Different Solvent Mediums

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharifah Nurul Ain Syed Hashim ◽  
Sarani Zakaria ◽  
Chin Hua Chia ◽  
Sharifah Nabihah Syed Jaafar
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Alkaline Solution ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Aqueous Alkaline Solution ◽  
Alkali Lignin ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

In this study, soda alkali lignin from oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB-AL) and kenaf core (KC-AL) are esterified with maleic anhydride under two different conditions, namely i) pyridine at temperature of 120°C for 3h and ii) aqueous alkaline solution at room temperature for 4h. As a result, the weight percentage gain (WPG) of the esterified EFB-AL (EFB-EL) and esterified KC-AL (KC-EL) in pyridine demonstrated a higher compared to aqueous alkaline solution. The FT-IR results of EFB-EL and KC-EL in both solvents exhibited some changes at the carbonyl and hydroxyl groups. Furthermore, the esterification process induced the carboxylic peak to appear in both alkali lignin samples. The outcome is confirmed by conducting H-NMR analysis, which demonstrated ester and carboxylic acid peaks within the spectral analysis. Finally, the TGA results showed both EFB-EL and KC-EL that are exposed to aqueous alkaline actually possessed better thermal stability and higher activation energy (Ea) compared to the esterified samples in pyridine.

Thermal Stability of Magnetic Properties in Dehydrogenated Triarylmethane Resins

1989 ◽  
Vol 173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michiya Otani ◽  
Sugio Otani
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Magnetic Property ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Mechanical Response ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

ABSTRACTThe stability of the magnetic properties of dehydrogenated triaryl-methane resins was investigated both at room temperature and at elevated temperatures. A magnetic property different from that reported in a previous paper was found in the course of studying the reproducibility of synthesis. This new property was examined through a mechanical response of the resins to a set of permanent magnets.

scholarly journals Synthesis of a Novel Phosphorous-Nitrogen Based Charring Agent and Its Application in Flame-retardant HDPE/IFR Composites

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1062 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junlei Chen ◽  
Jihui Wang ◽  
Aiqing Ni ◽  
Hongda Chen ◽  
Penglong Shen
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Heat Release ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Charring Agent ◽  
Migration Percentage ◽  
Ul 94 ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

In this work, a novel phosphorous–nitrogen based charring agent named poly(1,3-diaminopropane-1,3,5-triazine-o-bicyclic pentaerythritol phosphate) (PDTBP) was synthesized and used to improve the flame retardancy of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) together with ammonium polyphosphate (APP). The results of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and 13C solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) showed that PDTBP was successfully synthesized. Compared with the traditional intumescent flame retardant (IFR) system contained APP and pentaerythritol (PER), the novel IFR system (APP/PDTBP, weight ratio of 2:1) could significantly promote the flame retardancy, water resistance, and thermal stability of HDPE. The HDPE/APP/PDTBP composites (PE3) could achieve a UL-94 V-0 rating with LOI value of 30.8%, and had a lower migration percentage (2.2%). However, the HDPE/APP/PER composites (PE5) had the highest migration percentage (4.7%), lower LOI value of 23.9%, and could only achieve a UL-94 V-1 rating. Besides, the peak of heat release rate (PHRR), total heat release (THR), and fire hazard value of PE3 were markedly decreased compared to PE5. PE3 had higher tensile strength and flexural strength of 16.27 ± 0.42 MPa and 32.03 ± 0.59 MPa, respectively. Furthermore, the possible flame-retardant mechanism of the APP/PDTBP IFR system indicated that compact and continuous intumescent char layer would be formed during burning, thus inhibiting the degradation of substrate material and improving the thermal stability of HDPE.

Effect of Anthracite on Preparation of Ceramsite Using Red Mud

2013 ◽  
Vol 467 ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
Hui Fen Yang ◽  
Lin Fei Lu ◽  
Bei Ping Jiang ◽  
Jin Long Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Red Mud ◽  
Absorption Rate ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Foaming Agent ◽  
Thermal Stability Of ◽  
Scanning Electron

Based on analyzing of chemical composition, mineral composition and thermal stability of red mud, preparation of ceramisite, using anthracite added as foaming agent, was investigated. Internal structure was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed the bulk density of ceramisite was obviously reduced by anthracite added. The ceramisite with bulk density of 1.30g/cm3, water absorption rate£ ̈WAR£©of 2.98% and cylinder compressive strength £ ̈CCS£©of 9.48 MPa was obtained when weight ratio of red mud/waste glass/bentonites/anthracite was at 73:15:11:1. Majority of porosity in ceramisite was closed based on SEM. The porosity of ceramisite was much higher when anthracite was added as foaming agent than only calcite in red mud was used as foaming agent. The bulk density of the former was lower than that of the latter.

Dependence of Vickers Hardness on Annealing Temperature at Co/Cu Multilayered Films

2007 ◽  
Vol 561-565 ◽  
pp. 2399-2402
Author(s):  
Yoshihisa Kaneko ◽  
H. Sakakibara ◽  
Satoshi Hashimoto
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Vickers Hardness ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Copper Substrate ◽  
The Other ◽  
Multilayered Structures ◽  
Multilayered Films ◽  
Hardness Tests ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

Co/Cu and Ni/Cu multilayers fabricated by electroplating technique were annealed at various temperatures in order to investigate thermal stability of multilayered structures. Vickers hardness tests on the annealed Co/Cu and Ni/Cu multilayers were conducted at room temperature. It was recognized that after the annealing at 1023K the Co/Cu multilayer still maintained the hardness of as-deposited state. On the other hand, the hardness of Ni/Cu multilayer was almost identical to copper substrate after the annealing at 903K.

Thermal Stability of Ti/Pt/Au Non-Alloyed Ohmic Contacts on InN

1994 ◽  
Vol 337 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Ren ◽  
C. R. Abernathy ◽  
S. J. Pearton ◽  
P. W. Wisk
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Doping Level ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Ohmic Contacts ◽  
Contact Resistivity ◽  
High Doping Level ◽  
Transmission Line Method ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Contact Resistivities ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

ABSTRACTExtremely low contact resistance of non-alloyed Ti/Pt/Au metallization on n-type InN is demonstrated. The contacts were annealed at different temperatures up to 420 °C to investigate their thermal stability. A low contact resistivity of 1.8 x 10-7 ohm-cm2 was measured at room temperature using the transmission line method. This was due to the extremely high doping level (5 x 1020 cm-3) in the InN. After 300 °C annealing, the contact resistivity increased to 2.4 x 10-7 ohm-cm2- For 360 °C annealing, the contact morphology showed some degradation, but the contact resistivity was almost the same as at 300 °C. There was serious degradation of the contacts after 420 °C annealing. The morphology became very rough, and the contact and sheet resistances increased by factors of 3-5 times. This degradation is believed due to the decomposition of the InN film. The contact resistivities between n-type epitaxial GaAs and InN were also investigated, and showed values around 10-4 ohm-cm2.

Inactivation of Poliovirus 1 and Coxsackievirus B-2 in Broiled Hamburgers

1975 ◽  
Vol 38 (8) ◽  
pp. 473-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. SULLIVAN ◽  
R. M. MARNELL ◽  
E. P. LARKIN ◽  
R. B. READ
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Kidney Cell ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Cooking Time ◽  
Monkey Kidney Cell ◽  
Beef Patties ◽  
Coxsackievirus B ◽  
Viral Plaque ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

Thermal stability of two enteroviruses, poliovirus 1 and coxsackievirus B-2, inoculated into ground beef patties was investigated using household broiling procedures. Internal temperatures during cooking were monitored by thermocouples placed in the centers of patties. The appearance of the centers of hamburgers correlated with the temperatures reached: red-pink-rare, 60 C (140 F); pink-brown-medium, 71 C (160 F); and brown-well-done, 76.7 C (170 F). Cooked and uncooked virus-inoculated patties were assayed for viral plaque forming units produced in Vero monkey kidney cell cultures. No viruses were detected in patties cooked to 60 C (140 F) and held at room temperature for 3 min. However, virus was recovered from 8 of 24 patties cooked to 60 C (140 F) and immediately cooled to 23 C (74 F). No viruses were detected in patties heated to 71 C (160 F) or 76.7 C (170 F) internal temperatures. Results indicate that the cooking time and temperatures used to prepare rare hamburgers wherein the center meat remains red may not be sufficient to inactivate viruses that might be present in the sample especially if the hamburger is consumed or cooled within 3 min of cooking. When frozen or partially defrosted patties are cooked, extensive external cooking can occur with little or no visible change in the coloration of the center meat.

Study on the Effect of Distillation Residue in Corn Polyols Industry on Thermoplastic Starch

2011 ◽  
Vol 391-392 ◽  
pp. 940-944
Author(s):  
Ni Na Bao ◽  
Hong Fa Wu ◽  
Dong Hua Xue
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Corn Starch ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Thermoplastic Starch ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Distillation Residue ◽  
Crystal State ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Refinery Process ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

This study used distillation residue obtained from bio-refinery process of corn starch and glycerol as a plasticizer to prepare thermoplastic starch (TPS). Various weight ratios of distillation residue and glycerol was investigated, HPLC method was used to analysis the components of the distillation residue. The composition and structure of TPS were evaluated by FTIR, XRD and TGA. The results indicated that with the addition of mixed plasticizers, the structure of TPS was changed obviously from a crystal state to an amorphous one with an increasing thermal stability of TPS. The better TPS structure can be obtained when the weight ratio of distillation and glycerol is 3:7.

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