Dependence of Vickers Hardness on Annealing Temperature at Co/Cu Multilayered Films

2007 ◽  
Vol 561-565 ◽  
pp. 2399-2402
Author(s):  
Yoshihisa Kaneko ◽  
H. Sakakibara ◽  
Satoshi Hashimoto
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Vickers Hardness ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Copper Substrate ◽  
The Other ◽  
Multilayered Structures ◽  
Multilayered Films ◽  
Hardness Tests ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

Co/Cu and Ni/Cu multilayers fabricated by electroplating technique were annealed at various temperatures in order to investigate thermal stability of multilayered structures. Vickers hardness tests on the annealed Co/Cu and Ni/Cu multilayers were conducted at room temperature. It was recognized that after the annealing at 1023K the Co/Cu multilayer still maintained the hardness of as-deposited state. On the other hand, the hardness of Ni/Cu multilayer was almost identical to copper substrate after the annealing at 903K.

Characterization of W/WSIx/Si Contact Structures under Thermal Annealing for Some X Values

1986 ◽  
Vol 76 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Ogawa ◽  
K. Yamazaki ◽  
S. Akiyama ◽  
Y. Terui
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Thermal Annealing ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Thermal Reaction ◽  
Sputter Deposition ◽  
The Other ◽  
Contact Structures ◽  
Silicide Film ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

ABSTRACTThermal stability of W/WSix/Si (X=1.4, 2.1, 2.5) contact structures has been characterized at annealing temperature up to 900°C. Thermal reaction in these contact structures was strongly affected by the X values of deposited WSix films. The X values were presicely controlled by a novel co-sputter deposition apparatus. After annealing at 900°C, in the samples of X=1.4 and 2.1, the W films were stably maintained. On the other hand, in the sample of X=2.5, the structure changed into the WSi2. 2/Si resulting in the disappearance of the W film. The silicidation of the W film in the sample of X=2.5 was likely due to a diffusion of Si into the W film through the precipitated region of the excess Si in the tungsten silicide film. The W/WSi2.2/Si structure can provide the electrically stable W-Si contact at annealing temperature up to 800°C.

Thermal Breakdown Kinetics of 1-Ethyl-3-Methylimidazolium Ethylsulfate Measured Using Quantitative Infrared Spectroscopy

2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (12) ◽  
pp. 2626-2631 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey L. Wheeler ◽  
McKinley Pugh ◽  
S. Jake Atkins ◽  
Jason M. Porter
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Molar Absorptivity ◽  
Ir Absorption ◽  
Optical Cell ◽  
Multiple Samples ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

In this work, the thermal stability of the room temperature ionic liquid (RTIL) 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethylsulfate ([EMIM][EtSO4]) is investigated using infrared (IR) spectroscopy. Quantitative IR absorption spectral data are measured for heated [EMIM][EtSO4]. Spectra have been collected between 25 ℃ and 100 ℃ using a heated optical cell. Multiple samples and cell pathlengths are used to determine quantitative values for the molar absorptivity of [EMIM][EtSO4]. These results are compared to previous computational models of the ion pair. These quantitative spectra are used to measure the rate of thermal decomposition of [EMIM][EtSO4] at elevated temperatures. The spectroscopic measurements of the rate of decomposition show that thermogravimetric methods overestimate the thermal stability of [EMIM][EtSO4].

Toxic properties of Aeromonas proteolytica

1974 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 1403-1409 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. G. Foster ◽  
Mary O. Hanna
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Culture Filtrate ◽  
Hemolytic Activity ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Activity Peak ◽  
Endopeptidase Activity ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

Aeromonas proteolytica was grown for various time periods in nutrient broth, tryptic soy broth, a semisynthetic medium, and 1 and 5% peptone under different conditions involving temperature and in continuous shake and stationary flasks. The cell-free culture filtrates were tested for hemolytic, endopeptidase, and dermonecrotic activity and optimal growth conditions for their production were determined. The dermonecrotic activity and endopeptidase activity was found to be parallel in all tests, while hemolysin was independent of the other two. Studies on the thermal stability of the culture filtrate revealed that hemolysin and dermonecrotic and endopeptidase activity were destroyed at 70 °C for 30 min. Fractionation of the filtrate by Sephadex G-200 resolved three peaks at 280 nm. Peak I was inactive; peak II contained endopeptidase and dermonecrotic and hemolytic activity; peak III contained pigment and hemolysin. Evidence is presented that the endopeptidase and dermonecrotic substance found in the cell-free filtrates of A. proteolytica grown medium appear at the same time and thus may be the same entity.

Enhanced Thermal Stability of Esterified Lignin in Different Solvent Mediums

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharifah Nurul Ain Syed Hashim ◽  
Sarani Zakaria ◽  
Chin Hua Chia ◽  
Sharifah Nabihah Syed Jaafar
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Alkaline Solution ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Aqueous Alkaline Solution ◽  
Alkali Lignin ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

In this study, soda alkali lignin from oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB-AL) and kenaf core (KC-AL) are esterified with maleic anhydride under two different conditions, namely i) pyridine at temperature of 120°C for 3h and ii) aqueous alkaline solution at room temperature for 4h. As a result, the weight percentage gain (WPG) of the esterified EFB-AL (EFB-EL) and esterified KC-AL (KC-EL) in pyridine demonstrated a higher compared to aqueous alkaline solution. The FT-IR results of EFB-EL and KC-EL in both solvents exhibited some changes at the carbonyl and hydroxyl groups. Furthermore, the esterification process induced the carboxylic peak to appear in both alkali lignin samples. The outcome is confirmed by conducting H-NMR analysis, which demonstrated ester and carboxylic acid peaks within the spectral analysis. Finally, the TGA results showed both EFB-EL and KC-EL that are exposed to aqueous alkaline actually possessed better thermal stability and higher activation energy (Ea) compared to the esterified samples in pyridine.

Thermal Stability of Magnetic Properties in Dehydrogenated Triarylmethane Resins

1989 ◽  
Vol 173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michiya Otani ◽  
Sugio Otani
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Magnetic Property ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Mechanical Response ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

ABSTRACTThe stability of the magnetic properties of dehydrogenated triaryl-methane resins was investigated both at room temperature and at elevated temperatures. A magnetic property different from that reported in a previous paper was found in the course of studying the reproducibility of synthesis. This new property was examined through a mechanical response of the resins to a set of permanent magnets.

Thermal Stability of Ultrafine-Grained Pure Titanium Processed by High-Pressure Torsion

2021 ◽  
Vol 1016 ◽  
pp. 338-344
Author(s):  
Wan Ji Chen ◽  
Jie Xu ◽  
De Tong Liu ◽  
De Bin Shan ◽  
Bin Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
High Pressure Torsion ◽  
Stored Energy ◽  
Ultrafine Grained ◽  
Average Grain Size ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

High-pressure torsion (HPT) was conducted under 6.0 GPa on commercial purity titanium up to 10 turns. An ultrafine-grained (UFG) pure Ti with an average grain size of ~96 nm was obtained. The thermal properties of these samples were studied by using differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) which allowed the quantitative determination of the evolution of stored energy, the recrystallization temperatures, the activation energy involved in the recrystallization of the material and the evolution of the recrystallized fraction with temperature. The results show that the stored energy increases, beyond which the stored energy seems to level off to a saturated value with increase of HPT up to 5 turns. An average activation energy of about 101 kJ/mol for the recrystallization of 5 turns samples was determined. Also, the thermal stability of the grains of the 5 turns samples with subsequent heat treatments were investigated by microstructural analysis and Vickers microhardness measurements. It is shown that the average grain size remains below 246 nm when the annealing temperature is below 500 °C, and the size of the grains increases significantly for samples at the annealing temperature of 600 °C.

scholarly journals Molecular anchoring stabilizes low valence Ni(i)TPP on copper against thermally induced chemical changes

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (26) ◽  
pp. 8876-8886
Author(s):  
Henning Maximilian Sturmeit ◽  
Iulia Cojocariu ◽  
Matteo Jugovac ◽  
Albano Cossaro ◽  
Alberto Verdini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Charge Transfer ◽  
Copper Substrate ◽  
Surface Interaction ◽  
Chemical Changes ◽  
Thermally Induced ◽  
Thermal Stability Of ◽  
Molecule Surface

The strong molecule-surface interaction, followed by charge transfer at the interface, plays a fundamental role in the thermal stability of the layer by rigidly anchoring the porphyrin molecules to the copper substrate.

Effect of annealing temperature on the thermal stability of FeCrNiMnMoxSi0.5B0.5 coatings

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (11) ◽  
pp. 962-969 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Zhu ◽  
Xiong Ya Guo ◽  
Cheng Wen Liu ◽  
Fang Zhou ◽  
Bin Qi Liu
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

LiFePO4/Li Batteries with Mixtures of Carbonate and Ionic Liquid [EMIM]+[TFSI]- as High Properties and Safety Electrolyte

2013 ◽  
Vol 275-277 ◽  
pp. 2375-2380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Li ◽  
Shao Jun Wang ◽  
Li Wei ◽  
Wei Na Tao ◽  
Xue Yang Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Transference Number ◽  
Organic Electrolyte ◽  
Mixed Electrolyte ◽  
Coulomb Efficiency ◽  
Li Batteries ◽  
Thermal Stability Of ◽  
First Discharge Capacity

The electrolyte optimum composition consists of 1mol/L LiTFSI in the [EMIM]+[TFSI]-mixed with EC and DMC in weight ratio of 60:20:20. The LiFePO4/Li cell using 1 mol/L LiTFSI/([EMIM]+[TFSI]-/EC/DMC) as electrolyte show that the first coulomb efficiency was 90% and the first discharge capacity was 168mAh g-1. The 15th reversible capacities were maintain 157mAh g-1at 0.2C. Compared with traditional organic electrolyte and pure IL electrolyte, IL-based mixed electrolyte have good coulomb efficiencies and higher charge and discharge performances. The lithium transference number of IL-based mixed electrolyte at room temperature are 0.59. Thermal stability of IL-based mixed electrolyte higher than traditional organic electrolyte, and show almost non-flammability by the burning tests.

Implant isolation of ZnO epitaxial layers

2002 ◽  
Vol 744 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. O. Kucheyev ◽  
C. Jagadish ◽  
J. S. Williams ◽  
P. N. K. Deenapanray ◽  
Mitsuaki Yano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Sheet Resistance ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Irradiation Temperature ◽  
Minor Effect ◽  
Electrical Isolation ◽  
Atomic Displacements ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

ABSTRACTThe formation of highly resistive films of single-crystal ZnO as a result of irradiation with MeV Li, O, and Si ions is demonstrated. Results show that the ion doses necessary for electrical isolation close-to-inversely depend on the number of ion-beam-generated atomic displacements. Results show that an increase in the dose of 2 MeV O ions (up to ∼ 2 orders of magnitude above the threshold isolation dose) and irradiation temperature (up to 350 °C) has a relatively minor effect on the thermal stability of electrical isolation, which is limited to temperatures of ∼ 300 — 400 °C. For the case of multiple-energy implantation with keV Cr, Fe, or Ni ions, the evolution of sheet resistance with annealing temperature is consistent with defect-induced isolation, with a relatively minor effect of Cr, Fe, or Ni impurities on the thermal stability of isolation. Based on these results, the mechanism for electrical isolation in ZnO by ion bombardment is discussed.

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