Melted Zone Characteristics of Laser Welded Titanium Alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) under Different Process Parameters

2013 ◽  
Vol 315 ◽  
pp. 304-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Jannah Md Ngajib ◽  
Magdelyne A.A. Liman ◽  
Zazuli Mohid ◽  
Md Saidin Wahab
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Alloys ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Medical Application ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Laser Source ◽  
Processing Parameter ◽  
Machine Material ◽  
Melted Zone ◽  
Selective Area ◽  
Processed Material

Being widely used in aircrafts structure and aircraft turbine parts, chemical processing equipment and marine hardware, titanium alloys are well known of their high strength and corrosion resistant even though this material is categorized as hard to machine material and reactive to hydrogen and oxygen in elevated temperature. And joining titanium alloys in fabricating parts used in aerospace and medical application requires excellent temperature distribution control to minimize the heat effect. Due to this, laser welding is one of the best methods for the selective area heat induction capability and high accuracy. However, proper processing parameter need to be determined based on the characteristics of the laser source and processed material. Hence, this study is carried out to clarify the performance of a medium range powered laser by comparing and analyzing the welding beads characteristics changes occurred under different processing parameters. Welding beads were analyzed visually from two directions to obtain overall view of molten zones.

The Impact of Diffusion on Synthesis of High-Strength Titanium Alloys from Elemental Powder Blends

2010 ◽  
Vol 436 ◽  
pp. 113-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orest M. Ivasishin ◽  
Dmytro G. Savvakin
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Alloys ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Elemental Powder ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Beta Titanium ◽  
Effective Manner ◽  
Powder Blends ◽  
The Impact

High strength near-beta titanium alloys are being increasingly used in industry due to their excellent combination of properties. Blended elemental powder metallurgy (BEPM) allows to produce the above alloys and parts from them in a cost-effective manner. However, the alloy synthesis is complicated by a big amount (up to 18 wt.%) of alloying elements which diffusional redistribution between alloying particles and titanium matrix has a strong impact on microstructure evolution. In this paper synthesis of the high-strength alloys from the powder blends based on hydrogenated titanium was studied. It was found that hydrogen strongly affects diffusion controlled processes upon synthesis, such as chemical homogenization, densification and grain growth through its influence on phase composition and defect structure of the blends. Optimization of the processing parameters allowed to produce uniform, nearly-dense alloys with reduced grain size, which mechanical properties met the requirements of corresponding specifications.

LASER GAS NITRIDING OF TITANIUM AND TITANIUM ALLOYS

2009 ◽  
Vol 16 (06) ◽  
pp. 789-796 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. DAI ◽  
S. Q. HOU
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Titanium Alloys ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Gas Nitriding ◽  
Excellent Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Light Density ◽  
Mechanical Performances

Titanium and titanium alloys are widely used in many fields due to some of their characteristics such as light density, high strength, and excellent corrosion resistance. However, poor mechanical performances limit their practical applications. Laser gas nitriding is a promising method used to improve the surface properties of components. Recent developments on laser gas nitriding of titanium and titanium alloys are reviewed. The processing parameters have important effects on the resulting characteristics of titanium and titanium alloys. The resulting microstructure and properties of laser gas nitrided specimens are presented. The problems to be solved and the prospects in the field of laser gas nitriding of titanium and titanium alloys are discussed.

scholarly journals Warpage Optimisation Using Recycled Polycar-bonates (PC) on Front Panel Housing

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1416
Author(s):  
Nur Aisyah Miza Ahmad Tamizi ◽  
Shayfull Zamree Abd Rahim ◽  
Abdellah El-hadj Abdellah ◽  
Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah ◽  
Marcin Nabiałek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Front Panel ◽  
Processing Parameter ◽  
Mechanical Recycling ◽  
Great Opportunity ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Optimal Processing ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Optimisation Methods

Many studies have been done using recycled waste materials to minimise environmental problems. It is a great opportunity to explore mechanical recycling and the use of recycled and virgin blend as a material to produce new products with minimum defects. In this study, appropriate processing parameters were considered to mould the front panel housing part using R0% (virgin), R30% (30% virgin: 70% recycled), R40% (40% virgin: 60% recycled) and R50% (50% virgin: 50% recycled) of Polycarbonate (PC). The manufacturing ability and quality during preliminary stage can be predicted through simulation analysis using Autodesk Moldflow Insight 2012 software. The recommended processing parameters and values of warpage in x and y directions can also be obtained using this software. No value of warpage was obtained from simulation studies for x direction on the front panel housing. Therefore, this study only focused on reducing the warpage in the y direction. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Genetic Algorithm (GA) optimisation methods were used to find the optimal processing parameters. As the results, the optimal ratio of recycled PC material was found to be R30%, followed by R40% and R50% materials using RSM and GA methods as compared to the average value of warpage on the moulded part using R0%. The most influential processing parameter that contributed to warpage defect was packing pressure for all materials used in this study.

scholarly journals Optimisation of Shrinkage and Strength on Thick Plate Part Using Recycled LDPE Materials

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1795
Author(s):  
Norshahira Roslan ◽  
Shayfull Zamree Abd Rahim ◽  
Abdellah El-hadj Abdellah ◽  
Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah ◽  
Katarzyna Błoch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Thick Plate ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Processing Parameter ◽  
Plastic Injection Moulding ◽  
Optimal Setting ◽  
Quality Of Products ◽  
Validation Tests ◽  
Plastic Injection

Achieving good quality of products from plastic injection moulding processes is very challenging, since the process comprises many affecting parameters. Common defects such as warpage are hard to avoid, and the defective parts will eventually go to waste, leading to unnecessary costs to the manufacturer. The use of recycled material from postindustrial waste has been studied by a few researchers. However, the application of an optimisation method by which to optimise processing parameters to mould parts using recycled materials remains lacking. In this study, Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Particle Swarm Optimisation (PSO) methods were conducted on thick plate parts moulded using virgin and recycled low-density polyethylene (LDPE) materials (100:0, 70:30, 60:40 and 50:50; virgin to recycle material ratios) to find the optimal input parameters for each of the material ratios. Shrinkage in the x and y directions increased in correlation with the recycled ratio, compared to virgin material. Meanwhile, the tensile strength of the thick plate part continued to decrease when the recycled ratio increased. R30 (70:30) had the optimum shrinkage in the x direction with respect to R0 (100:0) material where the shrinkage increased by 24.49% (RSM) and 33.20% (PSO). On the other hand, the shrinkage in the y direction for R30 material increased by 4.48% (RSM) and decreased by 2.67% (PSO), while the tensile strength of R30 (70:30) material decreased by 0.51% (RSM) and 2.68% (PSO) as compared to R0 (100:0) material. Validation tests indicated that the optimal setting of processing parameter suggested by PSO and RSM for R0 (100:0), R30 (70:30), R40 (60:40) and R50 (50:50) was less than 10%.

scholarly journals Modification of Mechanical Properties of High-Strength Titanium Alloys VT23 and VT23M Due to Impact-Oscillatory Loading

Metals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mykola Chausov ◽  
Janette Brezinová ◽  
Andrii Pylypenko ◽  
Pavlo Maruschak ◽  
Liudmyla Titova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Titanium Alloys ◽  
High Strength ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Rolled Metal ◽  
Technological Method ◽  
Equilibrium Processes ◽  
Production Conditions

A simple technological method is proposed and tested experimentally, which allows for the improvement of mechanical properties in sheet two-phase high-strength titanium alloys VT23 and VT23M on the finished product (rolled metal), due to impact-oscillatory loading. Under impact-oscillatory loading and dynamic non-equilibrium processes (DNP) are realized in titanium alloys, leading to the self-organization of the structure. As a result, the mechanical properties of titanium alloys vary significantly with subsequent loading after the realization of DNP. In this study, the test modes are found, which can be used in the production conditions.

scholarly journals Design of Low-Cost and High-Strength Titanium Alloys Using Pseudo-Spinodal Mechanism through Diffusion Couple Technology and CALPHAD

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 2910
Author(s):  
Chaoyi Ding ◽  
Chun Liu ◽  
Ligang Zhang ◽  
Di Wu ◽  
Libin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Couple ◽  
Titanium Alloys ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Strength ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Α Phase ◽  
Cr System

The high cost of development and raw materials have been obstacles to the widespread use of titanium alloys. In the present study, the high-throughput experimental method of diffusion couple combined with CALPHAD calculation was used to design and prepare the low-cost and high-strength Ti-Al-Cr system titanium alloy. The results showed that ultra-fine α phase was obtained in Ti-6Al-10.9Cr alloy designed through the pseudo-spinodal mechanism, and it has a high yield strength of 1437 ± 7 MPa. Furthermore, application of the 3D strength model of Ti-6Al-xCr alloy showed that the strength of the alloy depended on the volume fraction and thickness of the α phase. The large number of α/β interfaces produced by ultra-fine α phase greatly improved the strength of the alloy but limited its ductility. Thus, we have demonstrated that the pseudo-spinodal mechanism combined with high-throughput diffusion couple technology and CALPHAD was an efficient method to design low-cost and high-strength titanium alloys.

Study of the Key Issues of Friction Stir Welding of Titanium Alloy

2010 ◽  
Vol 638-642 ◽  
pp. 1185-1190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Jie Liu ◽  
Li Zhou ◽  
Yong Xian Huang ◽  
Qi Wei Liu
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Melting Point ◽  
Titanium Alloys ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Liquid Cooling ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Aluminum And Magnesium Alloys

As a new solid-state welding process, friction stir welding (FSW) has been successfully used for joining low melting point materials such as aluminum and magnesium alloys, but the FSW of high melting point materials such as steels and titanium alloys is still difficult to carry out because of their strict requirements for the FSW tool. Especially for the FSW of titanium alloys, some key technological issues need to solve further. In order to accomplish the FSW of titanium alloys, a specially designed tool system was made. The system was composed of W-Re pin tool, liquid cooling holder and shielding gas shroud. Prior to FSW, the Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates were thermo-hydrogen processed to reduce the deformation resistance and tool wear during the FSW. Based on this, the thermo-hydrogen processed Ti-6Al-4V alloy with different hydrogen content was friction stir welded, and the microstructural characterizations and mechanical properties of the joints were studied. Experimental results showed that the designed tool system can fulfill the requirements of the FSW of titanium alloys, and excellent weld formation and high-strength joint have been obtained from the titanium alloy plates.

The Effect of Parameters of Laser Processing on the Morphology of Glaze Cladding

2012 ◽  
Vol 586 ◽  
pp. 265-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Wei Fan ◽  
Zhi Qiang Jiao ◽  
Xiao Peng Li ◽  
Hui Jun Zhao ◽  
Zhen Guo Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Output Power ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Laser Processing ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Laser Technique ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Melted Zone

Laser processing ceramic materials is a new application of laser technique. This paper presents the study of laser processing parameters of glaze cladding. It found out that the parameters of laser processing affected the morphology of glaze cladding significantly. Within the experimental conditions, rise of output power or drop of processing speed can increase the depth of melted zone and the width of glaze cladding, vice versa.

Hot Stamping Processing Experiments of Quenchable Boron Steel

2008 ◽  
Vol 575-578 ◽  
pp. 299-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Bao ◽  
Zhong Wen Xing ◽  
Yu Ying Yang
Keyword(s):  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Hot Stamping ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Boron Steel ◽  
Complicated Shape ◽  
Water Flow Velocity ◽  
Ultra High Strength Steel ◽  
Automotive Parts

The quenchable boron steel is a novel type of ultra high strength steel used for automotive parts so as to reduce the weight of the whole automobile. The hot stamping processing experiments for bending parts were studied. The influence of the hot stamping processing parameters, such as the heating temperature, the heat holding time and the cooling water flow velocity, on the mechanics properties and microstructure of the hot stamping parts is obtained. And then the optimal ranges of these parameters are determined, which provides a basis for the control of the hot stamping process applied in complicated shape parts’ production.

Dissimilar Friction Stir Lap Welding of AA2198 and AA7075 Sheets: Forces, Microstructure and Mechanical Properties

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonello Astarita ◽  
Fausto Tucci ◽  
Alessia Teresa Silvestri ◽  
Michele Perrella ◽  
Luca Boccarusso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Processing Parameter ◽  
Friction Stir Lap Welding ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Lap Shear ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Lap Welding ◽  
Factorial Design Of Experiments

Abstract This paper deals with the dissimilar friction stir lap welding of AA2198 and AA7075 sheets. The influence of processing parameters, namely welding speed and tool rotational speed on joint features, microstructure, and mechanical properties were investigated implementing a full factorial design of experiments. During the welding process, axial and transversal forces were continuously measured using a dedicated sensed fixture aiming at the correlation of this processing parameter with the quality of the achieved joints. The reported outcomes showed a very narrow processing window in which it was possible to avoid the formation of defects while the formation of an hook was observed for all the joints welded. The influence of the weld bead morphology on the lap shear strength was elucidated proving that the strength is ruled by the hook morphology. A correlation between the process parameters and the forces arising was also attempted. The final microstructure of the joints was studied and explained and also compared with the microhardness results.

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