Mechanical Properties of Tempered Ti-Nb Alloyed Ductile Iron

2013 ◽  
Vol 393 ◽  
pp. 126-129
Author(s):  
Bulan Abdullah ◽  
Siti Khadijah Alias ◽  
Ahmed Jaffar ◽  
Abdul Hakim Abdullah ◽  
Syazuan Abdul Latip ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Ductile Iron ◽  
Casting Process ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Tempering Temperature ◽  
Microstructure Observation ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Process Heat ◽  
And Performance

The applications of ductile iron in numerous engineering applications require continuous effort in properties enhancement due to the necessity of product sustainability and performance. The studies highlighted the effect of 0.5 wt% titanium and niobium addition the mechanical properties of tempered ductile iron. The samples were prepared through conventional CO2 sand casting process. Heat treatment was conducted by austenitizing at 900°C for 1 hour and subsequently oil quenching before tempered at three different temperatures which are 500°C, 600°C and 700°C at 1 hour holding time. The mechanical properties were evaluated through impact (ASTM E23) and hardness (Rockwell) test. Microstructure observation and XRD analysis was also performed on as cast and tempered samples. The findings indicated that increasing the tempering temperature at 700°C enhanced the hardness and tensile strength of tempered alloyed ductile iron compared to other samples. The enhancement of the mechanical properties of tempered alloyed ductile iron is expected to further expand the applications of ductile iron.

Microstructure and XRD of Ductile Iron Using Annealing-Tempering Heat Treatment Process

2013 ◽  
Vol 393 ◽  
pp. 83-87
Author(s):  
Mohd Faizul Idham ◽  
B. Abdullah ◽  
Junaidi Syarif ◽  
Ahmed Jaffar ◽  
Siti Khadijah Alias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Ductile Iron ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Graphite Nodule ◽  
Tempering Temperature ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Metallographic Observation ◽  
Graphite Structure

In this present study, the effect of tempering temperature of annealing-tempering combination processes, on microstructure as well as exploring the phase constituents of ductile iron through XRD analysis were performed. Ductile iron produced through conventional CO2sand casting method was performed annealing-tempering heat treatment processes by using change furnace method. Three different temperatures were investigated ranging from (i) 250 °C, (ii) 300 °C and (iii) 350 °C for 1.5 hours respectively. Standard metallographic observation and XRD analysis were done to characterize the microstructure and the constituents respectively. It is found that the graphite structure exist in both treated and untreated samples. Pearlitic structure was formed in the microstructure for heat treated samples. Ferritic-pearlitic matrix structure surrounding the graphite nodule has been shown in as-cast sample. Annealing-tempering process does not change the BCC ferrite peak in (200), (211), (220) and (310) planes shown in as-cast.

scholarly journals Influence of Molybdenum Addition on Mechanical Properties of Low Carbon HSLA-100 Steel

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 859-864 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Bogucki ◽  
S.M. Pytel
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Bearing Steel ◽  
Mechanical Processing ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Tempering Temperature ◽  
Microstructure Observation ◽  
Copper Addition ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Molybdenum Addition

Abstract The results of mechanical properties and microstructure observation of low carbon copper bearing steel with high addition of molybdenum are presented in this paper. This steels were characterized by contents of molybdenum in the range from 1% to 3% wt. After the thermo -mechanical processing the steels were subsequently quenched and tempered at different temperatures (500-800 °C) for 1h. The changes of mechanical properties as function of tempering temperature were typical for the steel with the copper addition. The sudden drop of impact resistance after tempering from 575 °C to 600 °C was caused probably by precipitates of Laves phase of type Fe2Mo.

scholarly journals ADI after Austenitising from Intercritical Temperature

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-88
Author(s):  
A. Kowalskia ◽  
S. Kluska-Nawarecka ◽  
K. Regulski
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Cast Iron ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Ductile Iron ◽  
Logic Model ◽  
Plastic Properties ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Different Temperatures

Abstract ADI subjected to austenitising at intercritical temperatures contains in its matrix the precipitates of pre-eutectoid ferrite. Studies were carried out on the ductile iron of the following chemical composition: C = 3,80%, Si = 2,30%, Mn = 0,28%, P = 0,060%, S = 0,010%, Mg = 0,065%, Ni = 0,60%, Cu = 0,70%, Mo = 0,21% This cast iron was austenitised at three different temperatures, i.e. 800, 815 and 830oC and austempered at 360 and 380oC. For each variant of the cast iron heat treatment, the mechanical properties, i.e. YS, TS, EL and Hardness, were measured, and structure of the matrix was examined. Higher plastic properties were obtained owing to the presence of certain amount of pre-eutectoid ferrite. The properties were visualised using fuzzy logic model in a MATLAB. software.

Development of High Strength Ductile Iron with Niobium Addition

2012 ◽  
Vol 576 ◽  
pp. 366-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Khadijah Alias ◽  
Bulan Abdullah ◽  
Ahmed Jaffar ◽  
Abdul Hakim Abdullah ◽  
Norhisyam Jenal
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Ductile Iron ◽  
Charpy Impact ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Hardness Test ◽  
Casting Process ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Charpy Impact Test ◽  
Steel Scrap ◽  
Mg Addition

The studies emphasis on the development of niobium alloyed ductile iron with higher strength comparing to unalloyed ductile iron. 0.5wt% to 2wt% niobium were added into mixture of ductile iron casting containing pig iron, carburizer and steel scrap, and nodulized through 1.6wt% Fe-Si-Mg addition in CO2 sand casting process. Samples were then machined according to TS EN 10001 standards for tensile test and ASTM E23 for Charpy impact test. In addition, Rockwell hardness test was also performed. Microstructure observations were made after 2% Nital chemical etched and the phase structures were validated through XRD analysis. It was found that addition of niobium in ductile iron provide significant enhancement in mechanical properties when compared to unalloyed ductile iron. Addition of higher amount of niobium had further increased the strength and impact toughness properties. The enhancement of the mechanical properties is expected to further expand the applications of ductile iron.

Effect of Two-Cycle Heat Treatment on Mechanical Properties of Ductile Iron

2013 ◽  
Vol 393 ◽  
pp. 79-82
Author(s):  
B. Abdullah ◽  
Mohd Faizul Idham ◽  
A. Jaffar ◽  
Ahmad Faiz Zubair ◽  
M. Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Ductile Iron ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Hardness Tests ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Holding Temperature

The aim of this study is to investigate the mechanical properties of ductile iron after treatment with two-cycle heat treatment processes which modified from austempering. The modified heat treatments have two stages holding temperature. Ductile iron was austenitized at 900 °C for an hour and followed by transferring the sample to other furnace which was set at different temperatures of i) 250 °C; ii) 300 °C; iii) 350 °C without quenching for 1.5 hours. Tensile (ASTM E8M), impact (ASTM-E23-1990) and Rockwell hardness tests were carried out to study the mechanical properties of the ductile iron. It was found that the sample which was heat treated using two-cycle heat treatment process at temperature of 250 °C contributed to better absorbing impact energy properties and hardness properties. Meanwhile, sample that heat treated at 350 °C has higher tensile strength.

scholarly journals Hardness behavior of W. Nr. 1.7709 steel, oil quenched and tempered between 475°C and 575°C

2021 ◽  
Vol 349 ◽  
pp. 02005
Author(s):  
John Mantzoukas ◽  
Dimitris G. Papageorgiou ◽  
Carmen Medrea ◽  
Constantinos Stergiou
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Technical Information ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Treatment Sequence ◽  
Tempering Temperature ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Alloy Steels ◽  
Quenching And Tempering

Steel components frequently involve a heat treatment to improve mechanical properties. In order to meet difficult working conditions, several components are hardened by quenching. W. Nr. 1.7709 is a representative structural steel with very low thermal conductivity among EN wrought alloy steels, which is extensively used after hardening and tempering. Although the steelmakers provide technical information about their heat treatment sequence, the tempering diagram of the specific grade has not been designed yet. The present paper analyses the temper resistance of the specific steel after oil quenching and tempering at high temperatures. Samples of identical chemical compositions were accordingly prepared and randomized. Five groups of ten specimens were austenitized at 960°C, hold for 30 minutes and were quenched in oil. They were tempered for two hours at different temperatures between 475°C and 575°C. Specific temperatures are interesting to the heat treaters, as they could allow certain transformations which take place during tempering. Hardness measurements were carried out and statistically processed. The tempering diagram was plotted to the specified temperature range. The influence of tempering temperature on steel hardness was analysed and the resistance to tempering back of the steel was discussed. The tempering diagram is critical for metallurgists as it represents a guide to define the proper tempering parameters so that the hardness predicted according to the mechanical property requirements are obtained.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF AUSTEMPERING TIME AND AUSTEMPERING TEMPERATURE IN MICROSTRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES IN AUSTEMPERED DUCTILE IRON

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 51-62
Author(s):  
Giulliana Victória Tissi ◽  
Gláucio Soares Da Fonseca
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Ductile Iron ◽  
Retained Austenite ◽  
Microstructural Analysis ◽  
Austempered Ductile Iron ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Austempering Temperature ◽  
Microscopic Techniques

Austempered Ductile Iron (ADI) has excellent mechanical properties related to its microstructure ausferrite, and with the cycle of austempering heat treatment, many mechanical properties can be obtained from the same alloy, simply changing the time and temperature. To evaluate the influence of austempering time and temperature on the ADI, analyzed the modifications in the microstructures and mechanical properties of the samples of ductile iron, subjected to austempering heat treatment with austenitizing time and temperature of 910 °C and 90 minutes and during the austempering bath, the samples were submitted to different temperatures, 300, 320, 340, 360 e 380 °C, and for four different times for each temperature, 75, 110, 145 and 180 minutes. For the microstructural analysis, the microscopic techniques were used: optical and scanning electron and mechanical properties were obtained by mechanical testing of hardness and impact. The results show that there is a relationship between austempering temperature with microstructure and mechanical properties. The highest retained austenite and energy absorbed were 25.73% and 130 J, respectively, for the austempered sample at 380 °C and 180 minutes and the highest hardness value was 458 HB for the austempered sample at 300 °C and 75 minutes.  

The Influence of Heat Treatment on Microstructure and Properties of 00Cr15Ni7Mo2Cu2 Supermarteniste Stainless Steel

2011 ◽  
Vol 399-401 ◽  
pp. 211-215
Author(s):  
Yong Heng Zhou ◽  
Kun Yu Zhao ◽  
Xin Liu ◽  
Dong Ye ◽  
Wen Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Lath Martensite ◽  
Temperature Quenching ◽  
Quenching Temperature ◽  
Austenite Grain Size ◽  
Tempering Temperature ◽  
Grain Sizes ◽  
Austenite Grain ◽  
Different Temperatures

There are lath martensite and a little austenite in the microstructure of samples quenched. The original austenite grain sizes ranges from 7.9μm to 74.1μm, which grows up gradually with the increasing of temperature quenching. So do the martensite acicular bundle. During the process of tempering at different temperatures after quenching at 1050°C, austenite grain size becomes bigger with the temperature increasing, and martensite acicular bundle becomes thinner. The content of austenite ascends to the peak at 650°C then it decreases. The mechanical properties (σb =958.87 MPa, δ=20.44%, HRC=30.9) of the samples are the best, when quenching temperature is 1050°C and tempering temperature is 600°C.

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