Filtering Effects of Periodic Structure in Water Hammer

2014 ◽  
Vol 566 ◽  
pp. 50-55
Author(s):  
Minoru Nagai ◽  
Kazuaki Inaba ◽  
Kosuke Takahashi ◽  
Kikuo Kishimoto
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Wave Front ◽  
Periodic Structure ◽  
Water Hammer ◽  
Numerical Results ◽  
Circumferential Direction ◽  
Experimental Setup ◽  
Projectile Impact ◽  
Frequency Components ◽  
Filtering Effect

In this study, we conducted water hammer experiments in the tube which was periodically supported by various numbers of clamps, named periodic structure, initiated by a projectile impact. The parts of the polycarbonate (PC) tube supported by 1-7 steel clamps make the tube stiffer and heavier than the original PC tube and are expected to cause a filtering effect of the frontal frequency components in the water hammer. According to our experimental observations, we confirmed that higher frequency components more than 1 kHz in the wave front were attenuated and the peak strains in circumferential direction of the tube were decreased 20% from the original PC tube. Moreover, we conducted numerical simulations of the water hammer wave similar to the experimental setup. Numerical results also revealed that frontal peak is attenuated 22% through periodic structure.

Using Ansys for Design and Numerical Study of a Specific Fixed Wing UAV

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 652-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Murariu ◽  
Razvan Adrian Mahu ◽  
Adrian Gabriel Murariu ◽  
Mihai Daniel Dragu ◽  
Lucian P. Georgescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Flight Time ◽  
Cluster System ◽  
Numerical Results ◽  
Operational Performance ◽  
Gliding Flight ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Constant Altitude

This article presents the design of a specific unmanned aerial vehicle UAV prototype own building. Our UAV is a flying wing type and is able to take off with a little boost. This system happily combines some major advantages taken from planes namely the ability to fly horizontal, at a constant altitude and of course, the great advantage of a long flight-time. The aerodynamic models presented in this paper are optimized to improve the operational performance of this aerial vehicle, especially in terms of stability and the possibility of a long gliding flight-time. Both aspects are very important for the increasing of the goals� efficiency and for the getting work jobs. The presented simulations were obtained using ANSYS 13 installed on our university� cluster system. In a next step the numerical results will be compared with those during experimental flights. This paper presents the main results obtained from numerical simulations and the obtained magnitudes of the main flight coefficients.

Experimental and numerical investigations on a high-density polyethylene (HDPE) blown film cooling with a new design of the counter-flow/radial jet air-ring

2021 ◽  
pp. 875608792110260
Author(s):  
ME Ismail ◽  
MM Awad ◽  
AM Hamed ◽  
MY Abdelaal ◽  
EB Zeidan
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Film Cooling ◽  
Radiation Heat Transfer ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Numerical Results ◽  
Upper Lip ◽  
Original Design ◽  
Blown Film ◽  
Set Up

This study experimentally and numerically investigates a typical HDPE blown film production process cooled via a single-lip air-ring. The processing observations are considered for the proposed subsequent modifications on the air-ring design and the location relative to the die to generate a radial jet, directly impinging on the bubble. Measurements are performed to collect the actual operating parameters to set up the numerical simulations. The radiation heat transfer and the polymer phase change are considered in the numerical simulations. The velocity profile at the air-ring upper-lip is measured via a five-hole Pitot tube to compare with the numerical results. The comparison between the measurements and the numerical results showed that the simulations with the STD [Formula: see text] turbulence model are more accurate with a minimum relative absolute error (RAE) of 1.6%. The numerical results indicate that the peak Heat Transfer Coefficient (HTC) at the impingement point for the modified design with radial jet and longer upper-lip is 29.1% higher than the original design at the same conditions. Besides, increasing the air-ring upper-lip height increased the averaged HTC, which is 13.4% higher than the original design.

scholarly journals Effect of Mouth Mask and Face Shield on Speech Spectrum in Slovak Language

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 4829
Author(s):  
Vojtech Chmelík ◽  
Daniel Urbán ◽  
Lukáš Zelem ◽  
Monika Rychtáriková
Keyword(s):  
Speech Intelligibility ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
Suprasternal Notch ◽  
Lombard Effect ◽  
Slavic Languages ◽  
Female Speech ◽  
The Face ◽  
Frequency Components ◽  
Acoustic Filtering ◽  
Filtering Effect

In this paper, with the aim of assessing the deterioration of speech intelligibility caused by a speaker wearing a mask, different face masks (surgical masks, FFP2 mask, homemade textile-based protection and two kinds of plastic shields) are compared in terms of their acoustic filtering effect, measured by placing the mask on an artificial head/mouth simulator. For investigating the additional effects on the speaker’s vocal output, speech was also recorded while people were reading a text when wearing a mask, and without a mask. In order to discriminate between effects of acoustic filtering by the mask and mask-induced effects of vocal output changes, the latter was monitored by measuring vibrations at the suprasternal notch, using an attached accelerometer. It was found that when wearing a mask, people tend to slightly increase their voice level, while when wearing plastic face shield, they reduce their vocal power. Unlike the Lombard effect, no significant change was found in the spectral content. All face mask and face shields attenuate frequencies above 1–2 kHz. In addition, plastic shields also increase frequency components to around 800 Hz, due to resonances occurring between the face and the shield. Finally, special attention was given to the Slavic languages, in particular Slovak, which contain a large variety of sibilants. Male and female speech, as well as texts with and without sibilants, was compared.

Numerical simulation of squeezing Cu–Water nanofluid flow by a kernel-based method

2021 ◽  
pp. 2250005
Author(s):  
Mojtaba Fardi ◽  
Yasir Khan
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Hilbert Space ◽  
Linear System ◽  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Numerical Results ◽  
Kernel Matrix ◽  
Nanofluid Flow ◽  
Parallel Disks ◽  
Engineering Problems ◽  
Well Conditioning

The main aim of this paper is to propose a kernel-based method for solving the problem of squeezing Cu–Water nanofluid flow between parallel disks. Our method is based on Gaussian Hilbert–Schmidt SVD (HS-SVD), which gives an alternate basis for the data-dependent subspace of “native” Hilbert space without ever forming kernel matrix. The well-conditioning linear system is one of the critical advantages of using the alternate basis obtained from HS-SVD. Numerical simulations are performed to illustrate the efficiency and applicability of the proposed method in the sense of accuracy. Numerical results obtained by the proposed method are assessed by comparing available results in references. The results demonstrate that the proposed method can be recommended as a good option to study the squeezing nanofluid flow in engineering problems.

scholarly journals Numerical Modeling of Flow Over a Rectangular Broad-Crested Weir with a Sloped Upstream Face

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Jiang ◽  
Mingjun Diao ◽  
Haomiao Sun ◽  
Yu Ren
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Discharge Coefficient ◽  
Separation Zone ◽  
Turbulence Models ◽  
Numerical Results ◽  
Upstream Face ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Flow Features ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Absolute Percent Error

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the upstream angle on flow over a trapezoidal broad-crested weir based on numerical simulations using the open-source toolbox OpenFOAM. Eight trapezoidal broad-crested weir configurations with different upstream face angles (θ = 10°, 15°, 22.5°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 75°, 90°) were investigated under free-flow conditions. The volume-of-fluid (VOF) method and two turbulence models (the standard k-ε model and the SST k-w model) were employed in the numerical simulations. The numerical results were compared with the experimental results obtained from published papers. The root mean square error (RMSE) and the mean absolute percent error (MAPE) were used to evaluate the accuracy of the numerical results. The statistical results show that RMSE and MAPE values of the standard k-ε model are 0.35–0.67% and 0.50–1.48%, respectively; the RMSE and MAPE values of the SST k-w model are 0.25–0.66% and 0.55–1.41%, respectively. Additionally, the effects of the upstream face angle on the flow features, including the discharge coefficient and the flow separation zone, were also discussed in the present study.

scholarly journals Stable, high-order computation of impedance–impedance operators for three-dimensional layered medium simulations

2018 ◽  
Vol 474 (2212) ◽  
pp. 20170704 ◽  
Author(s):  
David P. Nicholls
Keyword(s):  
Applied Sciences ◽  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Periodic Structure ◽  
Layered Medium ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
High Order ◽  
Surface Integral ◽  
Dirichlet Eigenvalues ◽  
Linear Waves ◽  
Spectral Algorithm

The faithful modelling of the propagation of linear waves in a layered, periodic structure is of paramount importance in many branches of the applied sciences. In this paper, we present a novel numerical algorithm for the simulation of such problems which is free of the artificial singularities present in related approaches. We advocate for a surface integral formulation which is phrased in terms of impedance–impedance operators that are immune to the Dirichlet eigenvalues which plague the Dirichlet–Neumann operators that appear in classical formulations. We demonstrate a high-order spectral algorithm to simulate these latter operators based upon a high-order perturbation of surfaces methodology which is rapid, robust and highly accurate. We demonstrate the validity and utility of our approach with a sequence of numerical simulations.

scholarly journals The role of unsteadiness in direct initiation of gaseous detonations

2000 ◽  
Vol 421 ◽  
pp. 147-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHRIS A. ECKETT ◽  
JAMES J. QUIRK ◽  
JOSEPH E. SHEPHERD
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Decay Rate ◽  
Wave Front ◽  
Reaction Zone ◽  
Critical Energy ◽  
Local Analysis ◽  
Zone Structure ◽  
Gaseous Detonations ◽  
Release Wave ◽  
Direct Initiation

An analytical model is presented for the direct initiation of gaseous detonations by a blast wave. For stable or weakly unstable mixtures, numerical simulations of the spherical direct initiation event and local analysis of the one-dimensional unsteady reaction zone structure identify a competition between heat release, wave front curvature and unsteadiness. The primary failure mechanism is found to be unsteadiness in the induction zone arising from the deceleration of the wave front. The quasi-steady assumption is thus shown to be incorrect for direct initiation. The numerical simulations also suggest a non-uniqueness of critical energy in some cases, and the model developed here is an attempt to explain the lower critical energy only. A critical shock decay rate is determined in terms of the other fundamental dynamic parameters of the detonation wave, and hence this model is referred to as the critical decay rate (CDR) model. The local analysis is validated by integration of reaction-zone structure equations with real gas kinetics and prescribed unsteadiness. The CDR model is then applied to the global initiation problem to produce an analytical equation for the critical energy. Unlike previous phenomenological models of the critical energy, this equation is not dependent on other experimentally determined parameters and for evaluation requires only an appropriate reaction mechanism for the given gas mixture. For different fuel–oxidizer mixtures, it is found to give agreement with experimental data to within an order of magnitude.

scholarly journals A robotic crawler exploiting directional frictional interactions: experiments, numerics and derivation of a reduced model

2014 ◽  
Vol 470 (2171) ◽  
pp. 20140333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Noselli ◽  
Antonio DeSimone
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Solid Substrate ◽  
Numerical Results ◽  
Reduced Model ◽  
Shape Changes

We present experimental and numerical results for a model crawler which is able to extract net positional changes from reciprocal shape changes, i.e. ‘breathing-like’ deformations, thanks to directional, frictional interactions with a textured solid substrate, mediated by flexible inclined feet. We also present a simple reduced model that captures the essential features of the kinematics and energetics of the gait, and compare its predictions with the results from experiments and from numerical simulations.

Flow Characteristics of Rarified Gases in Micro-Grooved Channels by the Lattice-Boltzmann Method

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amador M. Guzma´n ◽  
Andre´s J. Di´az ◽  
Luis E. Sanhueza ◽  
Rodrigo A. Escobar
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Lattice Boltzmann Method ◽  
Lattice Boltzmann ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Plane Channel ◽  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
Numerical Results ◽  
Knudsen Numbers ◽  
Channel Configuration ◽  
Boltzmann Method

The flow characteristics of a rarified gas have been investigated in microgrooved channels. The governing Boltzmann Transport Equation (BTE) is solved by the Lattice-Boltzmann method (LBM) for the Knudsen number range of 0.01–0.1. First, the compressibility and rarified effects are investigated in a plane channel by performing numerical simulations for different Knudsen numbers, pressure ratio and accommodation coefficients with the objective of validating the computational code used in this investigation and determining the transition characteristics from the macro to microscale. The numerical predictions are compared to existing analytical and numerical results. Then, numerical simulations are performed for microgrooved channels for the Knudsen numbers range of [0.01–0.1]. Different meshes are used for preserving numerical stabilities and obtaining accurate enough numerical results. For the microgrooved channel configuration, the fluid characteristics are determined in terms of pressure ratio and Knudsen numbers. The numerical results are compared to existing analytical predictions and numerical results obtained from plane channel and one cavity simulations.

Parameters deduced from the pressuremeter test

2002 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 1333-1340 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Fawaz ◽  
M Boulon ◽  
E Flavigny
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
Numerical Results ◽  
Pressuremeter Test ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Pressuremeter Modulus

This paper presents a study of the pressuremeter test and the results that can be obtained from this test. Hostun's fine sand was chosen as the material upon which to perform the experimental study of the pressuremeter. Numerical simulations of the pressuremeter tests have been made with the commercially available PLAXIS software. The numerical results have been compared with the experimental ones. The variation of the parameters resulting from an applied surcharge was studied experimentally and numerically. Finally, the relationship between the magnitude of the deformation and the pressuremeter modulus was analyzed.Key words: sand, pressuremeter, triaxial, pressure, modulus, deformation, numerical simulation.

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