An Advanced Automatic Remote Meter Detection Method Based on Machine Vision

There are a great amount of electronic meters equipped in the distribution substations, which were traditionally monitored by operators. On-site monitoring for risk assessment of these meters is very important. In this paper, we presented an advanced machine vision based automatic meter detection method toward the development of an online automatic meter reading intelligent inspection robot in substation. Firstly, the image received from the inspection robot was enhanced using histogram equalization. Then, the image was segmented into two parts based on the threshold obtained by Otsu’s method. Using these two parts, and the whole enhanced image, circular Hough transformation was applied on these three images and detected the circle with highest probability on them. The normalized correlation coefficients were calculated between the corresponding areas of those three circles from three images and the template image of SF6meter. Finally, the circle with highest correlation coefficient, which was higher than a certain threshold, was determined to be the meter. If it is lower than the threshold, the algorithm would decide that no meter was found in the image. The method was tested with 222 images obtained in one substation in Xi’an, Shanxi, China, and an 87.4% accuracy was achieved using these images, which indicated the potential of this method.

Download Full-text

Lychee Fruit Detection Based on Monocular Machine Vision in Orchard Environment

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s19194091 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (19) ◽

pp. 4091 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Qiwei Guo ◽

Yayong Chen ◽

Yu Tang ◽

Jiajun Zhuang ◽

Yong He ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Machine Vision ◽

Detection Method ◽

Histogram Equalization ◽

Recall Rate ◽

Support Vector ◽

Detection Accuracy ◽

Foreground Region ◽

Stepwise Method ◽

Equivalent Area ◽

Precision Rate

Due to the change of illumination environment and overlapping conditions caused by the neighboring fruits and other background objects, the simple application of the traditional machine vision method limits the detection accuracy of lychee fruits in natural orchard environments. Therefore, this research presented a detection method based on monocular machine vision to detect lychee fruits growing in overlapped conditions. Specifically, a combination of contrast limited adaptive histogram equalization (CLAHE), red/blue chromatic mapping, Otsu thresholding and morphology operations were adopted to segment the foreground regions of the lychees. A stepwise method was proposed for extracting individual lychee fruit from the lychee foreground region. The first step in this process was based on the relative position relation of the Hough circle and an equivalent area circle (equal to the area of the potential lychee foreground region) and was designed to distinguish lychee fruits growing in isolated or overlapped states. Then, a process based on the three-point definite circle theorem was performed to extract individual lychee fruits from the foreground regions of overlapped lychee fruit clusters. Finally, to enhance the robustness of the detection method, a local binary pattern support vector machine (LBP-SVM) was adopted to filter out the false positive detections generated by background chaff interferences. The performance of the presented method was evaluated using 485 images captured in a natural lychee orchard in Conghua (Area), Guangzhou. The detection results showed that the recall rate was 86.66%, the precision rate was greater than 87% and the F1-score was 87.07%.

Download Full-text

IMPROVEMENT OF SPRING DURUM WHEAT SELECTION METHODOLOGIES UNDER CLIMATE CHANGE CONDITIONS

Vestnik of the Russian agricultural science ◽

10.30850/vrsn/2019/3/33-36 ◽

1970 ◽

pp. 33-36

Author(s):

А. I. Grabovets ◽

V. P. Kadushkina ◽

S. А. Kovalenko

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Durum Wheat ◽

Correlation Coefficient ◽

Harvest Index ◽

Unit Area ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Chemical Mutagenesis ◽

Main Method ◽

The Relationship ◽

Selection Of

With the growing aridity of the climate on the Don, it became necessary to improve the methodology for conducting the breeding of spring durum wheat. The main method of obtaining the source material remains intraspecific step hybridization. Crossings were performed between genetically distant forms, differing in origin and required traits and properties. The use of chemical mutagenesis was a productive way to change the heredity of genotypes in terms of drought tolerance. When breeding for productivity, both in dry years of research and in favorable years, the most objective markers were identified — the size of the aerial mass, the mass of grain per plant, spike, and harvest index. The magnitude of the correlation coefficients between the yield per unit area and the elements of its structure is established. It was most closely associated with them in dry years, while in wet years it decreased. Power the correlation of the characteristics of the pair - the grain yield per square meter - the aboveground biomass averaged r = 0.73, and in dry years it was higher (0.91) than in favorable ones (0.61 - 0.70) , between the harvest and the harvest index - r = 0.81 (on average). In dry years, the correlation coefficient increased to 0.92. Research data confirms the greatest importance of the mass of grain from one ear and the plant in the formation of grain yield per unit area in both dry and wet years. In dry years, the correlation coefficient between yield and grain mass per plant was on average r = 0.80; in favorable years, r = 0.69. The relationship between yield and grain mass from the ear was greater — r = 0.84 and r = 0.82, respectively. Consequently, the breeding significance of the aboveground mass and the productivity of the ear, as a criterion for the selection of the crop, especially increases in the dry years. They were basic in the selection.

Download Full-text

Cut-Edge Detection Method for Rice Harvesting Based on Machine Vision

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy10040590 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 590

Author(s):

Zhenqian Zhang ◽

Ruyue Cao ◽

Cheng Peng ◽

Renjie Liu ◽

Yifan Sun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Machine Vision ◽

Edge Detection ◽

Detection Method ◽

Region Of Interest ◽

Average Error ◽

Vertical Projection ◽

Cut Edge ◽

Fitting Method ◽

Combine Harvester ◽

Edge Detection Method

A cut-edge detection method based on machine vision was developed for obtaining the navigation path of a combine harvester. First, the Cr component in the YCbCr color model was selected as the grayscale feature factor. Then, by detecting the end of the crop row, judging the target demarcation and getting the feature points, the region of interest (ROI) was automatically gained. Subsequently, the vertical projection was applied to reduce the noise. All the points in the ROI were calculated, and a dividing point was found in each row. The hierarchical clustering method was used to extract the outliers. At last, the polynomial fitting method was used to acquire the straight or curved cut-edge. The results gained from the samples showed that the average error for locating the cut-edge was 2.84 cm. The method was capable of providing support for the automatic navigation of a combine harvester.

Download Full-text

Development and Relative Validity of a Semiquantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire to Estimate Dietary Intake among a Multi-Ethnic Population in the Malaysian Cohort Project

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13041163 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 1163

Author(s):

Suzana Shahar ◽

Mohd Razif Shahril ◽

Noraidatulakma Abdullah ◽

Boekhtiar Borhanuddin ◽

Mohd Arman Kamaruddin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin C ◽

Correlation Coefficient ◽

Food Frequency Questionnaire ◽

Intraclass Correlation ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Weighted Kappa ◽

Dietary Intakes ◽

Food Frequency ◽

Relative Validity ◽

Spearman’S Correlation

Measuring dietary intakes in a multi-ethnic and multicultural setting, such as Malaysia, remains a challenge due to its diversity. This study aims to develop and evaluate the relative validity of an interviewer-administered food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) in assessing the habitual dietary exposure of The Malaysian Cohort (TMC) participants. We developed a nutrient database (with 203 items) based on various food consumption tables, and 803 participants were involved in this study. The output of the FFQ was then validated against three-day 24-h dietary recalls (n = 64). We assessed the relative validity and its agreement using various methods, such as Spearman’s correlation, weighed Kappa, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), and Bland–Altman analysis. Spearman’s correlation coefficient ranged from 0.24 (vitamin C) to 0.46 (carbohydrate), and almost all nutrients had correlation coefficients above 0.3, except for vitamin C and sodium. Intraclass correlation coefficients ranged from −0.01 (calcium) to 0.59 (carbohydrates), and weighted Kappa exceeded 0.4 for 50% of nutrients. In short, TMC’s FFQ appears to have good relative validity for the assessment of nutrient intake among its participants, as compared to the three-day 24-h dietary recalls. However, estimates for iron, vitamin A, and vitamin C should be interpreted with caution.

Download Full-text

Comparison of visual (MUNSELL) and instrumental measures (CIELAB) of coloured textile standard samples

Research Journal of Textile and Apparel ◽

10.1108/rjta-08-2018-0050 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 23 (4) ◽

pp. 340-354

Author(s):

Asim Kumar Roy Choudhury ◽

Biswajit Naskar

Keyword(s):

Correlation Coefficient ◽

Design Methodology ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Standard Samples ◽

Content Type ◽

Psychophysical Data ◽

Physical Data ◽

Hue Angle ◽

Munsell Scale

Purpose This paper aims to compare visual (Munsell) and instrumental (CIELAB) attributes of SCOTDIC colour standards. Design/methodology/approach SCOTDIC cotton and polyester standards of defined hue, value and chroma were subjected to spectrophotometric assessment for finding the corresponding instrumental parameters. The visual and instrumental parameters were compared. Findings The correlation between SCOTDIC value and CIELAB lightness is quite high. Correlation coefficient between SCOTDIC hue and CIELAB hue angle and the correlation between SCOTDIC chroma and CIELAB chroma were only moderate because the CIELAB chroma varied widely at higher chroma. When the standards of SCOTDIC hues having erratic hue angles at two extremes are excluded, the Correlation coefficients between SCOTDIC hue and CIELAB hue angle become high. Research limitations/implications The psychophysical data (visual) are difficult to match with physical data (instrumental). Originality/value The object of the present research is to study and compare visual (Munsell) and instrumental (CIELAB) colorimetric parameters. Munsell scale is physically exemplified by SCOTDIC fabric samples available in two sets, namely, cotton and polyester sets.

Download Full-text

Effect of Surface Roughness on Slip Resistance of Rubber

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.189-193.1538 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 189-193 ◽

pp. 1538-1542

Author(s):

Li Xiao Jia ◽

Yong Zhen Zhang ◽

Yong Ping Niu ◽

San Ming Du ◽

Jian Li

Keyword(s):

Surface Roughness ◽

Correlation Coefficient ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Roughness Parameters ◽

Test Conditions ◽

Slip Resistance ◽

Materials Used ◽

Almost All ◽

Effect Of Surface

In order to decrease accidents of slips and falls, COFs of rubber samples with different surface roughness were measured by Brungraber Mark II. And the correlation coefficients between roughness parameters and COF were calculated. The rusults have shown that the COF increases with surface roughness and the correlation coefficient between Sq and COF is highest. In general, almost all the roughness parameters used in the study have high correlation with COF. Parameters had the highest correlation with COF depends on the materials used and test conditions.

Download Full-text

Innovative Correlation Coefficient Measurement with Fuzzy Data

Mathematical Problems in Engineering ◽

10.1155/2016/9094832 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Berlin Wu ◽

Chin Feng Hung

Keyword(s):

Mathematics Achievement ◽

Correlation Coefficient ◽

Empirical Studies ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Interval Data ◽

Fuzzy Data ◽

Pearson’S Correlation Coefficient ◽

Coefficient Measurement ◽

The Relationship ◽

Fuzzy Interval

Correlation coefficients are commonly found with crisp data. In this paper, we use Pearson’s correlation coefficient and propose a method for evaluating correlation coefficients for fuzzy interval data. Our empirical studies involve the relationship between mathematics achievement and other projects.

Download Full-text

An Ultrasound Assessed Extraction Combined with Ion-Pair HPLC Method and Risk Assessment of Nitrite and Nitrate in Cured Meat

Journal of Analytical Methods in Chemistry ◽

10.1155/2018/1907151 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Babiker Yagoub Abdulkair ◽

Amin O. Elzupir ◽

Abdulaziz S. Alamer

Keyword(s):

Risk Assessment ◽

Tetrabutylammonium Bromide ◽

Meat Products ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Dietary Exposure ◽

Hplc Method ◽

Processed Meat ◽

Disodium Hydrogen Phosphate ◽

Cured Meat

An accurate IPC-UV method was developed and validated for the determination of nitrite (NI) and nitrate (NA) in meat products. The best separation was achieved on a phenyl-hexyl column (150 mm × 4.6 mm, 3 µm) with a mobile phase composed of 25% acetonitrile and 75% buffer (2 mM disodium hydrogen phosphate and 3 mM tetrabutylammonium bromide, pH = 4). Eluents were monitored at 205 nm. Linearity ranges were 1.86 × 10−6–7.5 µg·ml−1 and 0.09–5.0 µg·ml−1 for NI and NA, respectively. The correlation coefficients were greater than 0.999 for NI and NA. This method was applied to a number of processed meat products in Riyadh (n = 155). NI ranged from 1.78 to 129.69 mg·kg−1, and NA ranged from 0.76 to 96.64 mg·kg−1. Results showed extensive use of NI and NA; however, concentrations were within the legal limit of Saudi Arabia except for one sample. Further, the risk assessment and dietary exposure have been estimated for both NI and NA.

Download Full-text

Psychometric Properties of the MyotonPRO in Dementia Patients with Paratonia

Gerontology ◽

10.1159/000485462 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 64 (4) ◽

pp. 401-412 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Hans Drenth ◽

Sytse U. Zuidema ◽

Wim P. Krijnen ◽

Ivan Bautmans ◽

Cees van der Schans ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Psychometric Properties ◽

Correlation Coefficient ◽

Intraclass Correlation ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Functional Mobility ◽

Future Research ◽

Minimal Detectable Change ◽

Muscle Properties ◽

Dementia Patients ◽

Longitudinal Outcome

Background: Paratonia is a distinctive form of hypertonia, causing loss of functional mobility in early stages of dementia to severe high muscle tone and pain in the late stages. For assessing and evaluating therapeutic interventions, objective instruments are required. Objective: Determine the psychometric properties of the MyotonPRO, a portable device that objectively measures muscle properties, in dementia patients with paratonia. Methods: Muscle properties were assessed with the MyotonPRO by 2 assessors within one session and repeated by the main researcher after 30 min and again after 6 months. Receiver operating characteristic curves were constructed for all MyotonPRO outcomes to discriminate between participants with (n = 70) and without paratonia (n = 82). In the participants with paratonia, correlation coefficients were established between the MyotonPRO outcomes and the Modified Ashworth Scale for paratonia (MAS-P) and muscle palpation. In participants with paratonia, reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient) and agreement values (standard error of measurement and minimal detectable change) were established. Longitudinal outcome from participants with paratonia throughout the study (n = 48) was used to establish the sensitivity for change (correlation coefficient) and responsiveness (minimal clinical important difference). Results: Included were 152 participants with dementia (mean [standard deviation] age of 83.5 [98.2]). The area under the curve ranged from 0.60 to 0.67 indicating the MyotonPRO is able to differentiate between participants with and without paratonia. The MyotonPRO explained 10-18% of the MAS-P score and 8-14% of the palpation score. Interclass correlation coefficients for interrater reliability ranged from 0.57 to 0.75 and from 0.54 to 0.71 for intrarater. The best agreement values were found for tone, elasticity, and stiffness. The change between baseline and 6 months in the MyotonPRO outcomes explained 8-13% of the change in the MAS-P scores. The minimal clinically important difference values were all smaller than the measurement error. Conclusion: The MyotonPRO is potentially applicable for cross-sectional studies between groups of paratonia patients and appears less suitable to measure intraindividual changes in paratonia. Because of the inherent variability in movement resistance in paratonia, the outcomes from the MyotonPRO should be interpreted with care; therefore, future research should focus on additional guidelines to increase the clinical interpretation and improving reproducibility.

Download Full-text

AB0798 IS THERE A REPRODUCIBILITY OF THE HISTOGRAM AND GRAY SCALE IN ECOEXTRUCTURAL DAMAGES IN RHEUMATOTOLOGICAL DISEASES?

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases ◽

10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.3269 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽

pp. 1423.2-1424

Author(s):

J. A. Mendonça ◽

I. Siste de Almeida Aoki ◽

C. C. Cavuto ◽

V. A. Leandro-Merhi ◽

J. L. B. D. Aquino

Keyword(s):

Correlation Coefficient ◽

Intraclass Correlation Coefficient ◽

Rheumatic Diseases ◽

Femoral Condyle ◽

Intraclass Correlation ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Concordance Correlation Coefficient ◽

Image Method ◽

Concordance Correlation ◽

Gray Scale

Background:The gray scale (GS) in high resolution ultrasound is already well validated for use in rheumatological diseases, but the color map or the histogram, can be considered a new proposal, to better define and complement the echotextural damages detection1.Objectives:To calculate the lesions area measures reproducibility index in arthropathies, between 3 blind evaluators and correlate these measures using the GS and the histogram.Methods:Observational and retrospective study approved by the ethics committee of the Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas, with the opinion number: 1.526.307. A total of 29 patients have been assessed (31% males and 69% females) on period 2014 to 2019 in Rheumatology service. A MyLab 50 -Esaote equipment was used with frequency transducer that ranged between 6.0 and 18.0 MHz, 10 different area measures were performed from each recorded images previously, by the GS and the histogram. Statistical analysis: Spearman’s correlation coefficients, Lin’s concordance coefficient (CCC) and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and their respective 95% confidence intervals, with the SPSS software package for Windows v. 17.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA).Results:Average age 43.5 ± 21.5 years of age; with disease duration that varied between ≤ 1 month (48.3%) and ≥36 months (24.1%); with the following diseases: juvenile idiopathic arthritis (17.24%); osteoarthritis (13.79%); psoriatic arthritis (13.79%); undifferentiated spondyloarthritis (3.44%); gout (20.68%); rheumatoid arthritis (27.58%) and reactive arthritis (3.44%). A total of 840 measures of exudative (27.58%), proliferative (27.58%) and snowstorm appearance (6.89%) synovitis were performed; femoral-condyle cartilage (3.44%); synovial cyst (3.44%); paratendinitis (6.89%); calcification (3.44%); nail enthesitis (3.44%); tenosynovitis (6.89%) and tophi (10.34%) (Figure 1). The concordance correlation coefficient showed values closer to 1; p <0.001, the intraclass correlation coefficients with excellent reproducibility (ICC ≥ 0.75); p <0.001, always in relation to the three evaluators (Table 1) and the Spearman correlation between the GS and the histogram ranged from rs = 0.665 to rs = 1,000; p <0.001.Conclusion:The histogram can be considered an image method to better identify echotextural damages.References:[1]Mendonça J, Provenza J, Guissa V, et al AB1059 2D Histogram Ultrasound and 3D Ultrasound Correlation in Rheumatic Diseases Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 2015; 74:1253-1254.Table 1.Concordance Correlation Coefficient (CCC) and Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC):EvaluatorsGS - CCC(IC 95%)p-valorHistogram (IC 95%)p-valor1 e 20,998(0,994-0,999)<0,0010,999(0,995-1,000)<0,0011 e 30,998(0,995-0,999)<0,0010,999(0,995-1,000)<0,0012 e 30,992(0,980-0,997)<0,010,996(0,979-0,999)<0,01Standard by US 2DICCp-valorGS0,997(0,992-0,999)<0,001Histogram0,998(0,992-0,999)<0,001Legends: Gray Scale (GS).Figure 1.Patient with gout: A and B: Tophi area measures (star) in right metatarsos and efusion (arrow) by GS (45 mm2) and histogram (39 mm2), respectively.Disclosure of Interests:José Alexandre Mendonça Speakers bureau: Novartis, Janssen, Bristol, UCB, Isabella Siste de Almeida Aoki: None declared, Caique Chagas Cavuto: None declared, Vânia Aparecida Leandro-Merhi: None declared, José Luis Braga de Aquino: None declared

Download Full-text