Effect of Carbon Nanotube on the Mechanical Properties of Compatibilized Polylactic Acid/Natural Rubber Blend

2014 ◽  
Vol 695 ◽  
pp. 273-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nor Nisa Balqis Mohammad ◽  
Agus Arsad ◽  
Abdul Razak Rahmat ◽  
S.Z. Mat Des ◽  
Nur Syazana Abdullah Sani
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Maleic Anhydride ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Rubber Blend ◽  
Blend Nanocomposites

Polylactic acid (PLA)/ Natural rubber (NR) in the presence of PLA grafted Maleic Anhydride (PLAGMA) as compatibilizer was prepared by the melting blend method. In attempt to achieve high performance of the blend, nanocomposites were formed by incorporating different ratio of carbon nanotube (CNT) in PLA/NR/PLAGMA blend. The effect of CNT content on mechanical properties was investigated. With increasing CNT content, Young’s modulus and flexural modulus were increased firstly and then decreased as CNT was further added. In other hand, impact strength was dropped as expected as the CNT loading was increased.

Improving Mechanical Properties of Poly-β-Hydroxybutyrate-co-β-Hydroxyvalerate by Blending with Natural Rubber and Epoxidized Natural Rubber

2014 ◽  
Vol 983 ◽  
pp. 179-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maneewong Chutamas ◽  
Sunthornvarabhas Jackapon ◽  
Joong Kim Hyun ◽  
Sriroth Klanarong
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Maleic Anhydride ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Benzoyl Peroxide ◽  
Storage Modulus ◽  
Epoxidized Natural Rubber ◽  
Mixed Coding ◽  
Elastic Polymer

Poly-β-hydroxybutyrate-co-β-hydroxyvalerate (PHBV) is a bacterial-synthesized biopolymer. Moreover, PHBV is a biodegradable, it is an interesting biopolymer for disposable products. PHBV is difficult to process due to its low toughness, an elastic polymer such as natural rubber is introduced to develop toughness. In this experiment, PHBV mechanical properties were improved by blending with natural rubber (NR) and epoxidized natural rubber (ENR). The NR/PHBV and ENR/PHBV blends with the same ratio of 10/90 (wt/wt) could be extruded, whereas other conditions could not. This ratio was then used throughout this study to examine effect of maleic anhydride (MA) and benzoyl peroxide (BPO) to improve toughness of the blends. Result showed at composition where 1.0 % (wt/wt) MA and 0.05 % (wt/wt) BPO was mixed (coding EPMB2), several aspects of mechanical properties were improved. The blend, EPMB2 revealed the highest impact strength, significantly improved of elongation but drastically decreased of tensile strength. Storage modulus slightly decreased, tangent delta significantly increased when compared with neat PHBV.

EFFECT OF ZINC DITHIOCARBAMATES AND THIAZOLE-BASED ACCELERATORS ON THE VULCANIZATION OF NATURAL RUBBER

2012 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Najib Alam ◽  
Swapan Kumar Mandal ◽  
Subhas Chandra Debnath
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Reaction Mechanism ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Binary Systems ◽  
Synergistic Activity ◽  
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide

Abstract Several zinc dithiocarbamates (ZDCs) as accelerator derived from safe amine has been exclusively studied in the presence of thiazole-based accelerators to introduce safe dithiocarbamate in the vulcanization of natural rubber. Comparison has been made between conventional unsafe zinc dimethyldithiocarbamate (ZDMC) with safe novel ZDC combined with thizole-based accelerators in the light of mechanical properties. The study reveals that thiuram disulfide and 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT) are always formed from the reaction either between ZDC and dibenzothiazyledisulfide (MBTS) or between ZDC and N-cyclohexyl-2-benzothiazole sulfenamide (CBS). It has been conclusively proved that MBT generated from MBTS or CBS reacts with ZDC and produces tetramethylthiuram disulfide. The observed synergistic activity has been discussed based on the cure and physical data and explained through the results based on high-performance liquid chromatography and a reaction mechanism. Synergistic activity is observed in all binary systems studied. The highest tensile strength is observed in the zinc (N-benzyl piperazino) dithiocarbamate-accelerated system at 3:6 mM ratios. In respect of tensile strength and modulus value, unsafe ZDMC can be successfully replaced by safe ZDCs in combination with thiazole group containing accelerator.

scholarly journals The Structure and Mechanical Properties of Hemp Fibers-Reinforced Poly(ε-Caprolactone) Composites Modified by Electron Beam Irradiation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 5317
Author(s):  
Rafał Malinowski ◽  
Aneta Raszkowska-Kaczor ◽  
Krzysztof Moraczewski ◽  
Wojciech Głuszewski ◽  
Volodymyr Krasinskyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Electron Radiation ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Hemp Fibers

The need for the development of new biodegradable materials and modification of the properties the current ones possess has essentially increased in recent years. The aim of this study was the comparison of changes occurring in poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) due to its modification by high-energy electron beam derived from a linear electron accelerator, as well as the addition of natural fibers in the form of cut hemp fibers. Changes to the fibers structure in the obtained composites and the geometrical surface structure of sample fractures with the use of scanning electron microscopy were investigated. Moreover, the mechanical properties were examined, including tensile strength, elongation at break, flexural modulus and impact strength of the modified PCL. It was found that PCL, modified with hemp fibers and/or electron radiation, exhibited enhanced flexural modulus but the elongation at break and impact strength decreased. Depending on the electron radiation dose and the hemp fibers content, tensile strength decreased or increased. It was also found that hemp fibers caused greater changes to the mechanical properties of PCL than electron radiation. The prepared composites exhibited uniform distribution of the dispersed phase in the polymer matrix and adequate adhesion at the interface between the two components.

scholarly journals Composites from Thermoplastic Natural Rubber Reinforced Rubberwood Sawdust: Effects of Sawdust Size and Content on Thermal, Physical, and Mechanical Properties

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chatree Homkhiew ◽  
Surasit Rawangwong ◽  
Worapong Boonchouytan ◽  
Wiriya Thongruang ◽  
Thanate Ratanawilai
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Shore Hardness ◽  
Thermoplastic Natural Rubber ◽  
Plastic Content

The aim of this work is to investigate the effects of rubberwood sawdust (RWS) size and content as well as the ratio of natural rubber (NR)/high-density polyethylene (HDPE) blend on properties of RWS reinforced thermoplastic natural rubber (TPNR) composites. The addition of RWS about 30–50 wt% improved the modulus of the rupture and tensile strength of TPNR composites blending with NR/HDPE ratios of 60/40 and 50/50. TPNR composites reinforced with RWS 80 mesh yielded better tensile strength and modulus of rupture than the composites with RWS 40 mesh. The TPNR/RWS composites with larger HDPE content gave higher tensile, flexural, and Shore hardness properties and thermal stability as well as lower water absorption. The TPNR/RWS composites with larger plastic content were therefore suggested for applications requiring high performance of thermal, physical, and mechanical properties.

Mechanical Properties of 3D-Printed Wood-Plastic Composites

2018 ◽  
Vol 777 ◽  
pp. 499-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ossi Martikka ◽  
Timo Kärki ◽  
Qing Ling Wu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Wood Plastic Composite ◽  
Wood Plastic Composites ◽  
Plastic Composite ◽  
Plastic Composites ◽  
3D Printed

3D printing has rapidly become popular in both industry and private use. Especially fused deposition modeling has increased its popularity due to its relatively low cost. The purpose of this study is to increase knowledge in the mechanical properties of parts made of wood-plastic composite materials by using 3D printing. The tensile properties and impact strength of two 3D-printed commercial wood-plastic composite materials are studied and compared to those made of pure polylactic acid. Relative to weight –mechanical properties and the effect of the amount of fill on the properties are also determined. The results indicate that parts made of wood-plastic composites have notably lower tensile strength and impact strength that those made of pure polylactic acid. The mechanical properties can be considered sufficient for low-stress applications, such as visualization of prototypes and models or decorative items.

The Development of Thermostatically Biodegradable Composite

2021 ◽  
Vol 889 ◽  
pp. 44-49
Author(s):  
Yeng Fong Shih ◽  
Zheng Ting Chen ◽  
Wei Lun Lin ◽  
Po Chun Chiu ◽  
Chin Hsien Chiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Maleic Anhydride ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Deformation Temperature ◽  
Thermal Deformation ◽  
Biodegradable Composite ◽  
New Type ◽  
Polybutylene Succinate

The purpose of this research is to develop a new type of environmentally friendly container which has thermostatic effect and is biodegradable. This study is based on polylactic acid (PLA) and maleic anhydride grafted polybutylene succinate (MAPBS). Subsequently, the diatomite which adsorbed polyethylene glycol (PEG) was added to prepare a thermostatic biodegradable composite. The addition of MAPBS is to improve the compatibility between PLA and diatomite. In addition, the thermostatic effect, tensile strength, thermal deformation temperature and impact strength of the composite were investigated.

Eco-Friendly Composites Based on Bitter Tea Oil Meal and Polylactic Acid

2021 ◽  
Vol 889 ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
Yeng Fong Shih ◽  
Jia Yi Xu ◽  
Nian Yi Wu ◽  
Yu Ting Chiu ◽  
Hui Ming Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Maleic Anhydride ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Polybutylene Succinate ◽  
The Cost

Bitter tea oil meal (BTOM) is the main waste from the production of bitter tea oil which is squeezed from bitter tea seeds. The purpose of this study is to reuse the BTOM as an additive of the polylactic acid (PLA) to prepare eco-friendly composites. The effects of the addition of BTOM and maleic anhydride grafted polybutylene succinate (MAPBS) on the properties of PLA were investigated. The addition of MAPBS is mainly to increase the toughness of the PLA, and to increase the compatibility between BTOM and PLA. The experimental results show that the compatibility of PLA and BTOM and impact resistance of the composites can be improved by addition of MAPBS. The composite with 5% BTOM and 8% MAPBS exhibited the best tensile strength. In addition, the composite with 5% BTOM and 5% MAPBS has the best impact strength. It was found that the addition of BTOM and MAPBS can promote the crystallization of PLA. Moreover, the addition of BTOM not only can reduce the usage of PLA and the cost of the materials, but also reuse and reduce the waste from food industry.

Mechanical Behaviour of Polylactic Acid Parts Fabricated via Material Extrusion Process: A Taguchi-Grey Relational Analysis Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 32-44
Author(s):  
Peter Kayode Farayibi ◽  
Babatunde Olamide Omiyale
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Layer Thickness ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Grey Relational Analysis ◽  
Extrusion Temperature ◽  
Relational Analysis ◽  
Grey Relational

The acceptance and application of functional parts produced via additive manufacturing technologies is faced with challenges of poor surface finish, dimensional accuracy and mechanical properties among other which is mostly dependent on process parameters employed. In this study, the effect of infill density, layer thickness and extrusion temperature on mechanical properties of polylactic acid (PLA) part manufactured using fused deposition modelling process was investigated to obtain optimum process parameters to achieve the best properties. Solid cuboid bars were produced from which tensile, impact and hardness test specimens were obtained. A statistical approach based on Taguchi design of experiment was employed with process parameters varied and grey relational analysis coupled with principal component analysis was employed to obtain the unified optimum parameter. The single optimisation results showed that 50% infill density, 220°C extrusion temperature and 0.4 mm layer thickness resulted in best tensile strength; 30% density, 210°C temperature and 0.2 mm layer thickness is required to achieve the best impact strength, while 50% density, 215°C temperature and 0.3 mm thickness is required for highest hardness. The multi-response optimisation indicated that for the best of all the three properties to be achieved at once in a PLA built part, 50% infill density, 220°C extrusion temperature and 0.3 mm is required which yielded tensile strength of 30.02±2.15 MPa, impact strength 4.20±0.12 J and hardness of 76.80±0.38 BHN.

Sustainable composites: Processing of coir fibres and application in hybrid-fibre composites

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (15) ◽  
pp. 1947-1960 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Ciccarelli ◽  
Frederik Cloppenburg ◽  
Sangeetha Ramaswamy ◽  
Stepan V Lomov ◽  
Aart Van Vuure ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Coir Fibre ◽  
Hybrid Fibre ◽  
Fibre Composites ◽  
Composite Product ◽  
Composites Processing ◽  
Fibre Reinforced Composites

Coir fibres, a byproduct of the coconut industry, have high performance qualities but are difficult to process by conventional textile methods. The purpose of the research is to combine the processibility of hemp and flax with the high-performance properties of coir to create a composite product worthy of industrial applications. The evaluation of coir fibre-reinforced composites focuses on the processibility of the coir fibre into a nonwoven, how well it interfaces with polylactic acid and an analysis of how the mechanical properties of the final product change when mixing coir with hemp and flax. The results show that the hybrid samples outperformed most of the researched values for coir composites, despite the reduced properties of control samples as in comparable research. Adding just 10% of either flax or hemp dramatically increased the mechanical properties compared to the pure coir–polylactic acid composite.

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