BIM-Based Material Passport (MP) as an Optimization Tool for Increasing the Recyclability of Buildings

2019 ◽  
Vol 887 ◽  
pp. 327-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meliha Honic ◽  
Iva Kovacic ◽  
Helmut Rechberger
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Recycling Rate ◽  
Design Tools ◽  
Tool Chain ◽  
Timber Construction ◽  
Recycling Potential ◽  
Building Component ◽  
Flat Roof ◽  
Tools And Methods

Building stocks and infrastructures are representing the largest material stock of industrial economies, whereby the largest fraction of building materials is transformed into waste at the end of the life cycle. In order to optimize the recycling potential of buildings, new design-tools and methods are required, whereby it is of utmost importance to have a documentation of the material composition of buildings. In this paper, the methodology for creating a BIM-based Material Passport, enabling optimization of the design of buildings and serving as a documentation of materials existing in buildings, is described. Therefore, a specific building component - the flat roof - of a residential building is used in order to test the proposed tool-chain and show the recycling potential of the built-in materials. Thereby, the recycling potential of a version in timber construction and a version in concrete construction is assessed. The results show that the two versions have a similar recycling rate. However, concrete has a significantly higher mass in comparison to timber, by what the mass of the total waste materials is less in the timber version.

scholarly journals Comparison of the thermal performance between conventional and cob building

2019 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 03003
Author(s):  
Kaoutar Zeghari ◽  
Hasna Louahlia ◽  
Malo Leguern ◽  
Mohamed Boutouil ◽  
Hamid Gualous ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Thermal Behaviour ◽  
Calculation Method ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Local Heat ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Stationary Regime ◽  
Thermal Regulation ◽  
Climate Data

The appliance of sustainable development approach in building has urged construction industry to adopt proper measurements to protect environment and reduce residential building energy consumption and CO2 emissions. Thus, an increasing interest in alternative building materials has developed including the use of bio-based materials such as cob which is studied in this paper. In the previous work, many experimental and numerical studies have been carried out to characterize thermal behaviour of earth buildings, reduce its thermal conductivity and water content. In this paper, an experimental study is carried out to determine the thermal properties and energy performance of cob building. Cob samples within different soil and fiber contents are studied using an experimental set up instrumented with flux meters and micro-thermocouples in order to evaluate the local heat flux and thermal conductivity during stationary regime. The results are analysed and compared to deduce the performant mixes in terms of thermal behaviour while respecting the French thermal regulation. A static thermal simulation based on RT 2012 calculation method (the official French calculation method for the energy performance of new residential and commercial buildings according to France thermal regulation) is used to compare energy performance between conventional and cob building using the French climate data base .

RESTRUCTURING IN RESIDENTIAL AREAS AND TRANSFORMATION OF THE URBAN SPACE OF THE METROPOLIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-139
Author(s):  
A.A. STEPANENKO ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Recycling Rate ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Construction Waste ◽  
Cycle Economy ◽  
City Population ◽  
Favorable Conditions ◽  
The City

The article considers the developed model of the closed-cycle economy, which, along with economic parameters, takes into account pollution and consumption of building materials suitable for recycling. The model reflects the idea that the economic growth of a society alone cannot maintain or improve the existing quality of the environment, and for this it is necessary to increase the recycling rate. The purpose of the study is to reveal the factors influencing the increase in the level of recycling when introducing efficient and environmentally friendly systems for managing construction waste in megacities. The results of the study will affect the improvement of the quality and standards of life of the city population, the creation of favorable conditions for a safe, healthy and the prosperous life of people while ensuring the economic growth of the city. The process of the managing the growing volume of construction waste is reflected, recycling is emphasized.

The New Rural Residential Building Materials of Low Carbon Mode of Thinking

2012 ◽  
Vol 443-444 ◽  
pp. 110-114
Author(s):  
Yuan Luo
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Actual Situation ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
New Model ◽  
Construction Methods ◽  
Current Transition

In the current transition conditions, living in rural areas how to form a new model to address the issue of live and living is very necessary. Mountainous rural areas and more for less, construction methods and how to inject carbon idea behind such issues as the actual situation in rural areas of the construction line tools and real estate construction materials, forming a certain significance of the ideas and methods.

Computational imaging design tools and methods

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory E. Johnson ◽  
Ash K. Macon ◽  
Goran M. Rauker
Keyword(s):  
Computational Imaging ◽  
Design Tools ◽  
Tools And Methods

Custom MOS VLSI design: tools and methods

1989 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 484-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.A. Kleinfelder
Keyword(s):  
Vlsi Design ◽  
Design Tools ◽  
Tools And Methods

Case Studies of Rising Damp Treatment in Historical Buildings

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 107-119
Author(s):  
A.S. Guimarães ◽  
J.M.P.Q. Delgado ◽  
V.P. de Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Technical Specification ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Ventilation Rate ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Salt Damage ◽  
Building Physics ◽  
Rising Damp

Salt damage can affect the service life of numerous building structures, both historical and contemporary, in a significant way. Therefore, various conservation methods have been developed for the consolidation and protection of porous building materials exposed to the salt attack. As any successful treatment of salt damage requires a multidisciplinary attitude, many different factors such as salt solution transport and crystallization, presence and origin of salts in masonry, and salt-induced deterioration are to be taken into account. The importance of pre-treatment investigations is discussed as well; in a combination with the knowledge of salt and moisture transport mechanisms they can give useful indications regarding treatment options.Another important cause of building pathologies in buildings is the rising damp and this phenomenon it is particularly more severe with the presence of salts in water. The treatment of rising damp in historic building walls is a very complex procedure. At Laboratory of Building Physics (LFC-FEUP) a wall base hygro-regulated ventilation system was developed. This system patented, HUMIVENT, has been submitted to laboratorial monitoring and to in situ validation and a numerical simplified model was developed to facilitate the practical application. Having in mind the practical application of scientific and technological knowledge from Building Physics to practice, this paper presents the design of the system (geometry, ventilation rate and hygrothermal device), the detailing and technical specification of its different components and information about the implementation in three types of buildings: a church, a museum and a residential building.

scholarly journals BUILDING MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGIES OF MODERN HOUSING: ARCHITECTURAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 84-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Subbotin
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Modern Material ◽  
Innovative Technologies ◽  
Modern Building

the questions of architectural and environmental solutions in the field of design and construction of low-rise residential buildings, including the distinctive properties of building materials due to the conditions of modern material culture, aesthetic features of the external and internal appearance of these buildings are considered. It is noted that the conceptual approach to the choice of technologies in the construction of these objects helps to determine the necessary organization and structure of work, as well as additional artistic methods of architectural expression. It is also indicated that along with the architectural expressiveness one of the main requirements for the comfort of living in a residential building becomes environmental safety. Considerable attention is paid to modern building materials and innovative technologies that form new creative challenges facing architects.

scholarly journals KNOCK DOWN BAMBOO WALL PANEL

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (02) ◽  
pp. 214-231
Author(s):  
Vivi Yani Santosa ; Anastasia Maurina
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Design Experiment ◽  
Wall Panel ◽  
Knock Down ◽  
Form Function ◽  
Local Material ◽  
Wall Panels ◽  
And Behavior

Abstract - Indonesia often experiences natural disasters, therefore a transitional residential building is needed forvictims who are able to build quickly and easily in mobilization. Bamboo is a local material that exists in Indonesiaand has a high sustainability to be used as building materials. The appropriate principle between thecharacteristics of bamboo and the needs of transitional buildings where used as wall materials. The knock downbamboo wall panel is the answer of the need for fast and easy work in mobilization.The research method used isqualitative descriptive of two study object and design experiment of prototype 1: 1 . Researchers will conduct astudy of bamboo walls on two study objects Blooming Bamboo Home dan Soe Ker Tie House, also meetings ofany deficiencies and advantages from aspects of form, function and context, and construction. Forms includematerial used, basic dimensional modules, wall weight, and the ability to re-modify walls. Functions and Contextsinclude the space privacy, resistance, and behavior of walls against wind, solar heat, lighting, and rain.Construction covers the way of bamboo processing into wall panels, connection systems, and can be donemassively by the crowd. Potential bamboo wall variants to be explored will be evaluated and developed for thebetter and new alternative of other wall panels also considered.The most efficient bamboo knock down panels arebamboo slats and woven bamboo booths as massive walls, woven bamboo and bamboo modified blades I as semiopen walls, modified bamboo blades II and polikarbonate as open walls. The most appropriate connection systemused in knock down bamboo wall panels is the gypsum screw connection for bamboo wall panel frame joints, boltnuts and iron plates for knock down bamboo wall panel connections with structures and connections betweenwall panels.Keywords : Knock down, Bamboo, Sustainable, Wall panel

scholarly journals Primary and Secondary Emissions of VOCs and PAHs in Indoor Air from a Waterproof Coal-Tar Membrane: Diagnosis and Remediation

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (23) ◽  
pp. 12855
Author(s):  
Rafael Piñeiro ◽  
Eva Jimenez-Relinque ◽  
Roman Nevshupa ◽  
Marta Castellote
Keyword(s):  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Coal Tar ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Secondary Emission ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Organic Halogens

Primary and secondary emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from a waterproof coal tar membrane and their effect on the indoor air quality were investigated through a case study in a residential building situated in Madrid, Spain. The air contaminants were analyzed in situ using photoionization method and several samples of contaminants were taken using three sorbents: activated carbon, XAD2 and Tenax GR. It was found that various VOCs such as toluene, p- and m-Xylene, PAHs such as naphthalene, methyl-naphthalenes, acenaphthene, acenaphthylene, phenanthrene and fluorine, volatile organic halogens including chloroform and trichlorofluoromethane, and alkylbenzene (1,2,4-trimethylbenzene) were found at concentrations, which exceeded the limits established by international and national agencies (WHO, EPA, OSHA). Some of the above organic compounds were found also in the samples of construction and building materials, which were obtained at different heights and places. The analysis of possible sources of the contaminants pointed at the original coal-tar membrane, which was applied on the terrace to be waterproof. During a posterior reparation the membrane was coated with a new one that hindered dissipation of emitted contaminants. The contaminants leached out and were absorbed by construction materials down in the dwelling. These materials then acted as secondary emission sources. To remediate the emission problem as the contaminated materials were removed and then a ventilation system was installed to force the gasses being emitted from the rest of contaminated slab outside. Follow-up has validated the success of the remediation procedure.

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