Alternative Energy from Fresh Water Weed, Hydrilla verticillata

2019 ◽  
Vol 891 ◽  
pp. 78-82
Author(s):  
Sangwoei Sawekwiharee ◽  
Naphat Albutt
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Aquatic Plant ◽  
Hydrilla Verticillata ◽  
Fermentation Medium ◽  
Alcohol Concentration ◽  
Water Weed ◽  
Hydrolysis Process ◽  
Rice Samples ◽  
Basic Solutions ◽  
The Common

In this work, we investigated ethanol production from the common aquatic plant hydrilla by hydrolysis process. This was achieved using a fermentation medium mixed with aqueous solutions of H2SO4 (0.5%) and NaOH (1%). Firstly, fermentation medium was obtained from washing rice. Samples were left to ferment in the acidic and basic solutions for different time scales and tested for alcohol concentration. The resulting of producing ethyl alcohol were at 4.0% for H2SO4 cont. 0.5% , 3.5% for NaOH cont. 1% and 5.0% for H2O solution at measuring of time ~6 hours.

Absorption and Translocation of Florpyrauxifen-benzyl in Ten Aquatic Plant Species

Weed Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Erika J. Haug ◽  
Khalied A. Ahmed ◽  
Travis W. Gannon ◽  
Rob J. Richardson
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Aquatic Plant ◽  
Myriophyllum Spicatum ◽  
Hydrilla Verticillata ◽  
State University ◽  
North Carolina State University ◽  
Eurasian Watermilfoil ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Aquatic Herbicide

Abstract Additional active ingredients are needed for use in aquatic systems in order to respond to new threats or treatment scenarios, enhance selectivity, reduce use rates, and to mitigate the risk of herbicide-resistance. Florpyrauxifen-benzyl is a new synthetic auxin developed for use as an aquatic herbicide. A study was conducted at North Carolina State University, in which 10 µg L−1 of 25% radiolabeled florpyrauxifen-benzyl was applied to the isolated shoot tissue of ten different aquatic plant species in order to elucidate absorption and translocation patterns in these species. Extremely high levels of shoot absorption were observed for all species and uptake was rapid. Highest shoot absorptions were observed for crested floatingheart [Nymphoides cristata (Roxb.) Kuntze] (A192 =20 µg g−1), dioecious hydrilla [Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle] (A192 =25.3 µg g−1), variable watermilfoil (Myriophyllum heterophylum Michx.) (A192 =40.1 µg g−1) and Eurasian watermilfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum L.) (A192 =25.3 µg g−1). Evidence of translocation was observed in all rooted species tested with the greatest translocation observed in N. cristata (1.28 µg g-1 at 192 HAT). The results of this study add to the growing body of knowledge surrounding the behavior of this newly registered herbicide within aquatic plants.

Evaluation of Gas-Liquid Chromatography in Assays for Blood Volatiles

1965 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1023-1035 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Mather ◽  
Angel Assimos
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Alcohol Concentration ◽  
Quantitative Assay ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Internal Reference ◽  
Detection And Identification ◽  
Large Populations ◽  
The Common ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Better Than

Abstract A simple screening by gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) can provide definitive answers in the detection and identification of a number of volatile substances, including acetone and the common alcohols. After identification, quantitative assay by an internal-reference technic yields highly specific values for ethyl alcohol concentration with a precision at least equal to (and for low levels, better than) that of conventional assays. The unique advantage of GLC is in its simultaneous quantitative assay of mixtures, some of which cannot be satisfactorily assayed or even recognized in any other way. The combination of speed and negligible sample volumes render the technic valuable for sequential studies on capillary blood samples and, potentially, for mass screening of large populations.

scholarly journals Plectosporium tabacinum, a Pathogen of the Invasive Aquatic Weed Hydrilla verticillata in Florida

Plant Disease ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L. Smither-Kopperl ◽  
R. Charudattan ◽  
R. D. Berger
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Plant ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Hydrilla Verticillata ◽  
Spring Water ◽  
Aquatic Weed ◽  
Acid Fuchsin ◽  
Inoculum Concentration ◽  
Submerged Aquatic Plant

Plectosporium tabacinum, the anamorph of Plectosphaerella cucumerina, was isolated in 1996 from Hydrilla verticillata (hydrilla), an invasive aquatic weed in Florida. P. tabacinum, applied as a suspension of conidia, was pathogenic to hydrilla shoots maintained in aqueous solutions in test tubes. Koch's postulates were fulfilled in several repeated experiments. Infected shoots became slightly chlorotic within 24 h after inoculation. Infected leaves remained intact and were supported by water pressure but collapsed upon removal from water. Histological studies of leaves stained with malachite green and acid fuchsin revealed fungal hyphae within plant cells. The disease developed over a range of temperatures from 15 to 30°C. At 25°C, symptoms were most severe in 5% Hoagland's solution, followed by river water, deionized water, 0.5% Hoagland's, tap water, and spring water. Disease severity increased as inoculum concentration was increased from 105 to 107 conidia ml-1. This is the first report of P. tabacinum as a pathogen of hydrilla, a fully submerged aquatic plant species.

scholarly journals Optimisasi produksi biogas dari limbah lateks cair pekat dengan penambahan logam Optimization of biogas production from concentrated-latex effluent with addition of metals

2016 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Irma KRESNAWATY ◽  
I SUSANTI ◽  
. SISWANTO ◽  
. TRI-PANJI
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Optimum Concentration ◽  
Leaf Biomass ◽  
Acid Condition ◽  
Hydrolysis Process ◽  
Preliminary Research

Summary The treatment of concentrated-latex effluent process applied in the field presently, has not obtain optimum additional benefits. Besides that, the technology using ponding system  needs  wide area and causes air pollution that  such a way caused conflicts with society. The application  concept of clean industry: reuse, reduction, recovery and recycling, makes the possibilities to convert the effluent to be usefull products. One of the alternative effluent process is by utilizing it as the source of renewable energy, that is in the form of biogas as an  alternative energy. The preliminary research showed that the use of spontaneous latex skim coagulation, the  addition of 1% manure as source of seed, and leaf biomass as the source of carbon could increase the biogas production. This research was carried out to optimize biogas production by adding metal ion and to observe the parameters which influenced every stage of biogas production. At the beginning of the process, pH showed increasing due to the hydrolysis process that generally occured in acid condition, but it remained stable (6.6-7.7) in the next steps, whereas, the VFA value as well as BOD value tended to increase. COD value had fluctuative inclination caused by the conversion of organic compounds to produce biogas and the hydrolysis process of leaf biomass to organic compounds that decom-posed to further biogas. The best result of biogas production was showed by addition of Fe3+ with optimum concentration 0.50 mg/L effluent.

scholarly journals Complex phyllosphere microbiome aids in the establishment of the invasive macrophyte Hydrilla verticillata (L.) under conditions of nitrogen scarcity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiří Bárta ◽  
Caio Cesar Pires de Paula ◽  
Eliška Rejmánková ◽  
Qiang Lin ◽  
Iva Kohoutová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Plant ◽  
Hydrilla Verticillata ◽  
Plant Ecology ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Lake Ecology ◽  
Lake Atitlan ◽  
Littoral Zones ◽  
Fungal Assemblages ◽  
Successful Invader ◽  
Generation Sequencing

AbstractDespite the low availability of nitrogen (N), the highly productive macrophyte Hydrilla verticillata (L.) is a successful invader of the littoral zones at lake Atitlán, Guatemala, with profound implications for lake ecology. To help answer the question of how Hydrilla, accompanied by the filamentous green alga Cladophora Kützing (Ulvophyceae), sustains fast growth under conditions of N scarcity, we studied the composition and potential biogeochemical function of the associated microbiomes. We combined results from next generation sequencing of associated bacterial and fungal assemblages with traditional microscopy-based taxonomical evaluation of algae and cyanobacteria. We focused on the presence of specific N2-fixing genera and their relative importance. Data on community composition are complemented with measurements of diazotrophic activity. The results expand our knowledge of the ecophysiology of these algae-plant-microbe consortia and suggest that several levels of biological complexity should be considered to fully understand aquatic plant ecology and the process of macrophyte invasions.

scholarly journals Jagd auf den Adlermörder — Entdeckung eines neuen Cyanotoxins

BIOspektrum ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 594-597
Author(s):  
Steffen Breinlinger ◽  
Timo H. J. Niedermeyer
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Neurological Disease ◽  
Aquatic Plant ◽  
Hydrilla Verticillata ◽  
The United States ◽  
Bald Eagle ◽  
Invasive Aquatic Plant

AbstractHunting down the eagle killer: Vacuolar myelinopathy is a neurological disease affecting wildlife — including the iconic bald eagle — in the United States. Its cause has been elusive for decades, but its occurrence has been linked to the cyanobacterium Aetokthonos hydrillicola colonizing the invasive aquatic plant Hydrilla verticillata. In a recent study, we found that A. hydrillicola produces a novel highly toxic biindole alkaloid (aetokthonotoxin), and proved that it is causing the disease.

Enzymatic Bating Technology for Wet Blue

2020 ◽  
Vol 115 (12) ◽  
pp. 444-453
Author(s):  
Xu Zhang ◽  
Xiang Zhong ◽  
Mengchu Gao ◽  
Biyu Peng ◽  
Chunxiao Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Collagen Fiber ◽  
Large Molecular Weight ◽  
Hydrolysis Process ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Common ◽  
Basic Characteristics ◽  
Enzyme Dosage ◽  
Low Activity ◽  
Neutral Proteases

Most of the reported bating technologies for wet blue are based on the usage of acidic protease, which takes a long time and needs large enzyme dosage. A thorough understanding of the basic characteristics of typical acidic proteases and the interaction between enzyme proteins and wet blue fibers will help to improve bating technology for wet blue by selecting the suitable proteases. In this paper, the enzymatic characteristics, molecular weight (Mr) and isoelectric point (pI) of several proteases and their bating effectiveness were investigated. The results indicated that there are two main factors which may affect the wet blue bating effectiveness of acidic proteases. First, the common acidic proteases exhibited low activity towards chrome-tanned collagen fiber which lead to inefficient bating effect through normal dosage. Nonetheless, when the dosages of chrome-tanned collagen fiber activity reached up to 50 U/mL, these acidic proteases also can achieve a good bating effect, the caseinolytic activity has been reached up to 1000 U/mL-4000 U/mL. Second, because of the large molecular weight and the charge repulsion between enzyme proteins and wet blue fibers, the enzymatic hydrolysis process, the penetration and distribution of acidic protease proteins, into wet blue is very difficult. Additionally, neutral proteases have more prospects in wet blue bating process due to the higher chrome-tanned collagen fiber activity and less charge repulsion than acidic proteases.

Unusual polyamines in aquatic plants: the occurrence of homospermidine, norspermidine, thermospermine, norspermine, aminopropylhomospermidine, bis(aminopropyl)ethanediamine, and methylspermidine

1998 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koei Hamana ◽  
Masaru Niitsu ◽  
Keijiro Samejima
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Aquatic Plants ◽  
Aquatic Plant ◽  
Hydrilla Verticillata ◽  
First Report ◽  
Brasenia Schreberi ◽  
Water Chestnut ◽  
The Family

Four aquatic plants were tested for the occurrence of unusual polyamines. The leaves of the aquatic plants tested ubiquitously contained homospermidine in addition to usual polyamines such as diaminopropane, putrescine, cadaverine, spermidine, spermine, and agmatine. Brasenia schreberi and Nuphar japonicum belonging to the family Nymphaeaceae contained aminopropylhomospermidine. Norspermidine and norspermine were detected in the blackweed Hydrilla verticillata belonging to Hydrocharitaceae. Thermospermine was detected in Brasenia schreberi. A novel tetraamine, N,N'-bis(3-aminopropyl)-1,2-ethanediamine (NH2(CH2)3NH(CH2)2NH(CH2)3NH2), was discovered in the aquatic plant Nuphar japonicum. This is the first report of the occurrence of N4-methylspermidine (NH2(CH2)3N(CH3)(CH2)4NH2) in the water chestnut Trapa natas belonging to the family Hydrocaryaceae. Key words: aquatic plants, polyamine, bis(aminopropyl)ethandiamine, methylspermidine.

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