Effect of Natural Ageing on the Physical Properties of Polypropylene Composites

2014 ◽  
Vol 1001 ◽  
pp. 141-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aneta Krzyżak ◽  
Jakub Prażmo ◽  
Wojciech Kucharczyk
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Injection Moulding ◽  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Natural Ageing ◽  
Elastic Deformations ◽  
Polypropylene Composites ◽  
Pp Composites ◽  
Short Glass ◽  
Transverse Shrinkage

The present work investigates the effect of natural weathering on polypropylene (PP) composites containing short glass fibers and talc. The samples of PP composites obtained by injection moulding were submitted to nine months of natural ageing (from March to November 2012). It observed effects of climatic conditions on some physical properties such as hardness, longitudinal and transverse shrinkage as well as plastic and elastic deformations.

Selected Properties and Shrinkage Compensating Effect by Injection Moulding of Origin and Recycled Thermoplastic Composites with Polypropylene (PP) Matrix, Talcum and Glass Fiber

2014 ◽  
Vol 1001 ◽  
pp. 187-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aneta Krzyżak ◽  
Marcin Drabik ◽  
Łukasz Zyśko ◽  
Ľudmila Dulebová
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Injection Moulding ◽  
Thermoplastic Composites ◽  
Recycling Process ◽  
Polypropylene Composites ◽  
Shrinkage Effect ◽  
Molded Parts ◽  
Injection Molded ◽  
Transverse Shrinkage

This article explains and demonstrates how to first and second injection moulding influence to shrinkage effect of polypropylene composites with talcum and cutting glass fiber. Results show that the longitudinal and transverse shrinkage changed by differend parameters of injection moulding. It was observed shrinkage compensating effect occurring at composite molded parts with a high glass fiber content. Recycling process has reduced the shrinkage and tensile strength. Caused an increase in elongation, but it has not noticed any major changes in the hardness of injection molded parts.

Static and fatigue behaviors of short glass fiber–reinforced polypropylene composites aged in a wet environment

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (25) ◽  
pp. 3629-3647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lilla Mansouri ◽  
Arezki Djebbar ◽  
Samir Khatir ◽  
Hafiz Tauqeer Ali ◽  
Amar Behtani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Fatigue Loading ◽  
Fatigue Tests ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Static Tests ◽  
Polypropylene Composites ◽  
Injection Process ◽  
Test Criteria ◽  
Short Glass

In this paper, a new experimental study of the bending static and fatigue behaviors of a composite material reinforced with 40% by mass of short glass fibers (type E) and polypropylene matrix is presented. The composite material is obtained in the form of plates by an injection process, which inevitably affects the distribution of the fibers and therefore the behavior of the material studied. To do this, several techniques are implemented on specimens by cutting them in transverse and longitudinal directions. The effect of aging in distilled water at 40℃ on the mechanical characteristics is studied under static and fatigue loading conditions. The static tests, three-point flexure up to failure, allow us to choose the levels of stress for the fatigue tests. The endurance curves as a function of the number of cycles are plotted by adapting the end-of-test criteria N5, N10, and N20, which represent a rigidity drop of 5%, 10%, and 20%, respectively. An interpretation of the Wöhler curve equations defined for the end-of-test criteria allows defining the kinetics of material damage. The results highlighted the influence of distilled water on the mechanical behavior and the lifetime of the material. We also perform macroscopic observations of fracture and microscopic facies in order to identify the damage mechanisms of the composite material.

scholarly journals Development of a Prediction Model for the Mechanical Properties of Polypropylene Composites Reinforced by Talc and Short Glass Fibers

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 245-253
Author(s):  
Soon Kim ◽  
Dongil Son ◽  
Donghyuk Choi ◽  
Inchan Jeong ◽  
Young-Bin Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Prediction Model ◽  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Polypropylene Composites ◽  
Short Glass

scholarly journals Shrinkage Optimization in Talc- and Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Polypropylene Composites

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 764 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youngjae Ryu ◽  
Joo Sohn ◽  
Byung Kweon ◽  
Sung Cha
Keyword(s):  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Prediction Method ◽  
Reinforcement Particle ◽  
Polypropylene Composites ◽  
Reinforcement Content ◽  
Glass Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Reinforcing Agent ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Differential Shrinkage ◽  
Pp Composites

The shrinkage of reinforced polymer composites in injection molding varies, depending on the properties of the reinforcing agent. Therefore, the study of optimal reinforcement conditions, to minimize shrinkage when talc and glass fibers (GF) (which are commonly used as reinforcements) are incorporated into polypropylene (PP), is required. In this study, we investigated the effect of reinforcement factors, such as reinforcement type, reinforcement content, and reinforcement particle size, on the shrinkage, and optimized these factors to minimize the shrinkage of the PP composites. We measured the shrinkage of injection-molded samples, and, based on the measured values, the optimal conditions were obtained through analysis of variance (ANOVA), the Taguchi method, and regression analysis. It was found that reinforcement type had the largest influence on shrinkage among the three factors, followed by reinforcement content. In contrast, the reinforcement size was not significant, compared to the other two factors. If the reinforcement size was set as an uncontrollable factor, the optimum condition for minimizing directional shrinkage was the incorporation of 20 wt % GF and that for differential shrinkage was the incorporation of 20 wt % talc. In addition, a shrinkage prediction method was proposed, in which two reinforcing agents were incorporated into PP, for the optimization of various dependent variables. The results of this study are expected to provide answers about which reinforcement agent should be selected and incorporated to minimize the shrinkage of PP composites.

The Reinforcing Mechanism of Recycled Glass Fibers and Milled Glass Fibers in Polypropylene Composites

2014 ◽  
Vol 915-916 ◽  
pp. 755-759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Hua Qiao ◽  
Huai Min Miao ◽  
Yong Biao Xu ◽  
Wei Jiang ◽  
Yan Hong Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Polypropylene Composites ◽  
Recycled Glass ◽  
The Past ◽  
Global Demand ◽  
Pp Composites ◽  
Fiber Materials ◽  
Scanning Electron

A great amount of work has been done over the past few years to use the glass fibers reinforcing polypropylene (PP) composites. Due to the sharp resources recovery, and the global demand for fiber materials, there has been growing interest in the use of the recycled glass fibers (GF) (RGF) as an alternative. This work focuses on the reinforcing mechanisms of the glass fibers in PP composites. The reinforcing mechanism is evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) on the basis of the energy dissipation theory. The GF are the excellent supporting bodies. Interfacial debonding, fiber pullout and breakage dissipate tremendous energy. These factors cause improvements in the strength of the RGF/PP and MGF/PP composites.

Correlation of fatigue behavior and dynamic mechanical properties of hybrid composites of polypropylene/short glass fibers/hollow glass beads

2021 ◽  
pp. 089270572199319
Author(s):  
Gustavo B Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Stress Relaxation ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Relaxation Rate ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Fatigue Behavior ◽  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Glass Beads ◽  
Hollow Glass ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical ◽  
Short Glass

Ternary hybrid composites of Polypropylene (PP)/Short Glass Fibers (GF)/Hollow Glass Beads (HGB) were prepared using untreated and aminosilane-treated HGB, compatibilized with maleated-PP, and with varying total and relative GF/HGB contents. Static/short-term flexural strength properties data revealed, through lower flexural strength values, that the presence of untreated HGB particles induces to fiber-polymer interfacial decoupling at much higher extent than in the presence of aminosilane-treated HGB particles. This phenomenon is also evident when evaluating the data from displacement-controlled three-point bending fatigue tests. Monitored up to 106 cycles, the analyzed hybrid composites presented distinct performance relative to their fatigue stress relaxation rate: the lower the matrix-reinforcements’ interfacial adhesion, more pronounced the stress relaxation rate as a function of the number of fatigue cycles. Dynamic Mechanical Thermal Analysis (DMTA) results could successfully reveal the hybrid composites behavior at the microstructural level when they were submitted to both static flexural test and fatigue, depending on the degree of interfacial interactions between the polymer matrix of PP and the hybrid reinforcements of GF and HGB (with and without aminosilane surface treatment).

Extrusion and injection moulding induced degradation of date palm fibre - polypropylene composites

2021 ◽  
pp. 109641
Author(s):  
Sandra Domenek ◽  
Françoise Berzin ◽  
Violette Ducruet ◽  
Cédric Plessis ◽  
Hom Dhakal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Injection Moulding ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Polypropylene Composites ◽  
Palm Fibre

scholarly journals A Fatigue Damage Model for Life Prediction of Injection-Molded Short Glass Fiber-Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 2250
Author(s):  
Mohammad Amjadi ◽  
Ali Fatemi
Keyword(s):  
Injection Molding ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Fatigue Damage ◽  
Life Prediction ◽  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Damage Model ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Short Glass Fiber ◽  
Glass Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Short Glass

Short glass fiber-reinforced (SGFR) thermoplastics are used in many industries manufactured by injection molding which is the most common technique for polymeric parts production. Glass fibers are commonly used as the reinforced material with thermoplastics and injection molding. In this paper, a critical plane-based fatigue damage model is proposed for tension–tension or tension–compression fatigue life prediction of SGFR thermoplastics considering fiber orientation and mean stress effects. Temperature and frequency effects were also included by applying the proposed damage model into a general fatigue model. Model predictions are presented and discussed by comparing with the experimental data from the literature.

scholarly journals Improving the mechanical properties of polypropylene composites with coconut shell particles

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 263498332110074
Author(s):  
Henry C Obasi ◽  
Uchechi C Mark ◽  
Udochukwu Mark
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Filler Particle ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Coconut Shell ◽  
Polypropylene Composites ◽  
Increase With Increase ◽  
Pp Composites ◽  
Shell Particles

Conventional inorganic fillers are widely used as fillers for polymer-based composites. Though, their processing difficulties and cost have demanded the quest for credible alternatives of organic origin like coconut shell fillers. Dried shells of coconut were burnt, ground, and sifted to sizes of 63, 150, 300, and 425 µm. The ground coconut shell particles (CSP) were used as a filler to prepare polypropylene (PP) composites at filler contents of 0% to 40% via injection melt blending process to produce PP composite sheets. The effect of the filler particle size on the mechanical properties was investigated. The decrease in the size of filler (CSP) was found to improve the yield strength, tensile strength, tensile modulus, flexural strength, flexural modulus, and hardness of PP by 8.5 MPa, 15.75 MPa, 1.72 GPa, 7.5 MPa, 100 MPa, and 10.5 HR for 63 µm at 40%, respectively. However, the elongation at break and modulus of resilience of the PP composites were seen to increase with increase in the filler size. Scanning electron microscope analysis showed that fillers with 63 µm particle size had the best distribution and interaction with the PP matrix resulting in enhanced properties.

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