Physiological and Biochemical Changes of Cherry Rootstocks under Salt Stresses in Greenhouse Environment

2014 ◽  
Vol 1051 ◽  
pp. 368-372
Author(s):  
Fa Hui Liang ◽  
Jing Hui Yang ◽  
Yan Jun Liu ◽  
Yan Yu Shi ◽  
Chun Xia Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
North China ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Black Cherry ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Nacl Concentration ◽  
Mda Content ◽  
Cherry Rootstocks ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

In order to provide a theoretical basis for the development of the sweet cherry under the greenhouse environment in Tianjin area, the black cherry and the Sichuan cherry planted in greenhouses in north China were used to study the physiological and biochemical index under the different salt stress treatments (0, 0.2%, 0.4% and 0.6% ).The result showed that MDA content of Cerasus szechuanica was higher under salt stress; SOD activity of Cerasus szechuanica was almost the same to Cerasus maximowiczii (except under 0.6%Nacl); POD activity of Cerasus maximowiczii was higher under 0.4-0.6%Nacl concentration but lower under 0-0.2%; PRO content of Cerasus maximowiczii was higher under each salt stress but chlorophyll b content of Cerasus maximowiczii was lower under each salt stress.

scholarly journals Physiological response of Solanum nigrum to salt stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 233 ◽  
pp. 01140
Author(s):  
Renyan Liao ◽  
Lan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Soluble Protein ◽  
Physiological Response ◽  
Intercellular Co2 Concentration ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Solanum Nigrum ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Nacl Concentration ◽  
Intercellular Co2

The effects of salt stress (100, 200, 300 mmol/L) on physiological characteristics of Solanum nigrum seedlings were studied by pot experiment. The results showed that the contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoids and total chlorophyll in S. nigrum leaves showed a trend of first flattening and then increasing with the aggravation of salt stress. With the aggravation of salt stress, the net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and intercellular CO2 concentration of S. nigrum decreased gradually, and reached the lowest value when the NaCl concentration was 300 mmol/L. With the increase of NaCl concentration, the SOD activity of S. nigrum leaves decreased gradually. When the concentration of NaCl was 300 mmol/L, the SOD activity of S. nigrum decreased by 53.39% (P < 0.05). The activities of POD, CAT and soluble protein in S. nigrum increased first and then decreased with the increase of NaCl concentration. When the concentration of NaCl was 100 mmol/L, the activities of POD, CAT and the content of soluble protein reached the maximum.

scholarly journals Salinity induced deleterious effects on germination, growth, physiological and biochemical process of two varieties of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-150
Author(s):  
Sharmin Akter ◽  
Dilruba Yeasmin Jharna ◽  
Sujan Kanti Mali ◽  
Abu Sayeed
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Total Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

The present study was accomplished to find out the effects of salinity on germination, growth, physiological and biochemical processes of two different groundnuts (Arachis hypogaea L.), varieties viz., Dacca-1, and Zhinga groundnut. The experiments consisted of five salinity treatments viz., control (no salinity), 3, 6, 9, and 12dS/m during germination and vegetative stage of groundnut varieties. Results showed that germination percentage of both the groundnut varieties was significantly decreased with the increase of salt concentration. During the germination stage, maximum shoot and root length, shoot and root fresh weight and shoot and root dry weight of groundnut varieties were recorded from Zhinga groundnut variety at salt stress. The same result occurred during the vegetative stage of Dacca-1 variety while the Zhinga groundnut variety showed maximum parameters than Dacca-1. Fresh weight, as well as dry weight, of shoots and roots of both the groundnut varieties was also decreased with the increase of salt concentrations while leaf proline concentrations were increased among these varieties. Salinity caused significant (P<0.001) reduction in chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total chlorophyll content in both the genotypes. Between two genotypes, Zhinga groundnut recorded higher chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll content than Dacca-1. From the studies, it is concluded that the groundnut genotype Zhinga was identified as the tolerant genotype to salt stress than Dacca-1. Overall results indicate that high salinity condition is not suitable for growing the groundnut.

scholarly journals Physiological and biochemical responses of selected cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) accessions to iron toxicity

2020 ◽  
Vol 115 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Josiah ESEOGHENE IFIE ◽  
Sandra OMON IFIE-ETUMAH ◽  
Beckley IKHAJIAGBE
Keyword(s):  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Iron Toxicity ◽  
Relative Mass ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Biochemical Responses ◽  
Water Imbibition ◽  
Seed Mortality ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

<p>This study aimed to investigate the effect of iron toxicity in cowpea using physiological and biochemical responses of selected accessions. Fifteen accessions of cowpea were exposed to two treatments of iron using FeSO<sub>4</sub> solution (100 mg l<sup>-1</sup> and 400 mg l<sup>-1</sup>) and distilled water at pH 6.2 as control. The results showed that there was a general reduction in germination morphology; germination percentage among the 400 mg l<sup>-1</sup> Fe-treated accessions. Seed mortality rates were significantly higher among the 400 mg l<sup>-1</sup>Fe-treated accessions (&gt; 35 %). Water imbibition capacity and relative mass gained were higher for Fe-treated accessions. Furthermore, significant increase in the total sugar and percentage utilization of sugars was accompanied by an insignificant decrease in chlorophyll a, a significant decrease in chlorophyll b contents and the persistence of foliar chlorosis, among the 400 mg l<sup>-1</sup> Fe-treated accessions. MDA levels were significantly increased while proline remained unchanged, mean SOD activity was insignificantly increased, whereas Cat decreased among the 400 mg l<sup>-1</sup> Fe-treated accessions. Documentation of these observable changes in physiological and biochemical parameters will be useful in understanding the impact of elevated iron concentrations on the cultivation of cowpea accessions in soils associated with ferruginous ultisols.</p>

scholarly journals Functional Characteristics of The Stelar K+ Outward Rectifying Channel (EeSKOR) Gene in Elytrigia Elongata

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yantong Zhou ◽  
Xiaoxia Tian ◽  
Yong Zhang ◽  
Peichun Mao ◽  
Mingli Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Transgenic Tobacco ◽  
Plant Stress ◽  
Herbaceous Plant ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Drought Intensity ◽  
Mda Content ◽  
High Salt Tolerance

Abstract As an important nutrient, K+ plays a crucial role in plant stress resistance. It has been reported that the stelar K+ outward rectifying channel (SKOR) is involved in loading K+ into the xylem for its transport from roots to shoots. Elytrigia elongata is a perennial, sparsely distributed, rhizome-type herbaceous plant belonging to the wheatgrass family; it has high salt tolerance. Here, we isolated EeSKOR from decaploid E. elongata and investigated its function in transgenic tobacco. The results showed that EeSKOR was mainly expressed in the roots and was up-regulated with increasing salinity and drought intensity. Overexpression of EeSKOR in plants exposed to salt stress enhanced growth performance, increased SOD activity and chlorophyll content, significantly reduced H2O2 and MDA content, reduced Na+ concentration, and increased K+ concentration in transgenic tobacco plants compared with wild-type (WT) and null vector (Vector) plants. Our findings suggest that transgenic plants overexpressing EeSKOR could enhance K+ transport from the roots to the aboveground parts to maintain K+ steady-state in the aboveground under conditions of salt stress, thereby enhancing tobacco salt tolerance.

Changes in the Growth, Physiology and Biochemistry of Alexandrium tamarense under Ulva pertusa Kjellman Stress and UV-B Radiation

2012 ◽  
Vol 610-613 ◽  
pp. 3231-3235
Author(s):  
Heng Jiang Cai ◽  
Chang Fa Liu ◽  
Hai Feng Wei
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Treatment ◽  
Ulva Pertusa ◽  
Alexandrium Tamarense ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Chl A ◽  
Growth Physiology ◽  
Physiology And Biochemistry ◽  
Mda Content ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

Effects of Ulva pertusa Kjellman stress and UV-B radiation on the growth, physiology and biochemistry of Alexandrium tamarense were studied under laboratory conditions. The results demonstrated that U. pertusa stress and UV-B radiation could inhibit the growth of A. tamarense. Physiology and biochemistry of A. tamarense could be affected under U. pertusa stress and UV-B radiation treatment. U. pertusa stress caused the increase in SOD activity and decrease in H2O2 content. As for UV-B radiation, Chl-a content and soluble content were decreased, while H2O2 content, MDA content and SOD activity were increased. With regard to the combined effects of U. pertusa stress and UV-B radiation, Chl-a content and soluble content were decreased, while MDA content and SOD activity were increased. Compared with UV-B radiation, the combined effects of U. pertusa stress and UV-B radiation treatment on the growth, physiological and biochemical were indiscernible.

scholarly journals Salicylic acid: physiological and biochemical changes in seeds and maize seedlings subjected to salt stress

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 457-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Reolon Tonel ◽  
Patrícia Marini ◽  
Juliana de Magalhães Bandeira ◽  
Dario Munt de Moraes ◽  
Luciano do Amarante
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Maize Seedlings ◽  
Maize Seeds ◽  
Nacl Concentration ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical ◽  
Defense Function

Several plant species have development limitations on saline soils; however under water stress situations salicylic acid (SA) may have defense function by acting as antioxidant. Thereby, this study was aimed at analyzing physiological changes occurring in maize seeds treated with SA and germinated on sodium chloride moistened substrate; as well as assessing the effect of antioxidant enzymes produced by the seedlings. To this, seeds were soaked into zero and 1 mM SA solutions, for 60 min., and germinated on different NaCl concentrations (0, 30, 90, and 180 mM), and afterwards evaluated for germination, germination speed index, initial growth, and effect of antioxidant enzymes on seedlings. For electrical conductivity test, the seeds were previously soaked in NaCl solutions with and without SA. The SA application has minimized damages induced by salt stress to maize seed germination by favoring their germination percent; however without SA was not able on maintaining seed viability over 90 mM. Seedling initial growth was impaired by increasing NaCl concentrations in substrate; and electric conductivity has shown low values for release of solutes in the presence of SA. Activity of antioxidant enzymes has increased until 30 mM NaCl concentration; however above such concentration activity of these enzymes was reduced. The SA maintains germination of corn seeds above 90 mM NaCl; however, generally it is not efficient to ensure vigor of seedlings.

scholarly journals Physio-biochemical analyses in seedlings of sorghum-sudangrass hybrids that are grown under salt stress under in vitro conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramazan Beyaz ◽  
Hakan Kır
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Biochemical Responses ◽  
Hybrid Seeds ◽  
Mda Content ◽  
Sorghum Sudangrass ◽  
Biochemical Analyses

AbstractObjectiveThis study was conducted to analyze the physio-biochemical responses of two sorghum-sudangrass (Sorghum bicolor × Sorghum Sudanese Stapf.) hybrid (“Aneto” and “Sugar Graze”) seedlings exposed to salt stress.Materials and methodsSorghum-sudangrass hybrid seeds sown in MS medium containing 50 and 100 mM NaCl. The activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, GR, APX), chlorophyll (a, b, and total), malondialdehyde (MDA), and proline levels measured in 14 days old seedlings.ResultsAs a result of the study, the activity of antioxidant enzymes (CAT, SOD, APX, and GR), malondialdehyde (MDA), proline and chlorophyll contents of seedlings of cv. “Aneto” increased. On the other hand, SOD activity, proline, and chlorophyll content increased while CAT, APX, GR activity, and malondialdehyde (MDA) content decreased in seedlings of cv. “Sugar graze”.ConclusionOverall, the results showed that the cv. “Aneto” was less affected by the adverse effects of salt stress than the cv. “Sugar graze”. This study is essential for revealing biochemical responses of 14 days old Sorghum-Sudanese hybrid seedlings against salt stress. These study findings can use in breeding programs for sorghum plants.

Overexpression of GsCBRLK from Glycine soja enhances tolerance to salt stress in transgenic alfalfa (Medicago sativa)

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 1048 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Bai ◽  
Jing Liu ◽  
Lili Tang ◽  
Hua Cai ◽  
Ming Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Glycine Soja ◽  
Plant Tolerance ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Transgenic Alfalfa ◽  
Calcium Dependent ◽  
Calmodulin Binding ◽  
Physiological Analysis ◽  
Mda Content

GsCBRLK encodes a novel plant-specific calcium-dependent calmodulin-binding receptor-like kinase from Glycine soja Siebold & Zucc. In our previous study, GsCBRLK was found to be a positive regulator of plant tolerance to salt and abscisic acid (ABA) stress. In this study we transformed alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) with GsCBRLK to assess whether forage legumes overexpressing GsCBRLK adapt to saline soils. Results showed that transgenic alfalfa plants overexpressing GsCBRLK exhibited enhanced salt tolerance. Transgenic alfalfa grew well in the presence of 300 mM NaCl for 15 days, whereas wild-type (WT) plants exhibited severe chlorosis and growth retardation. Although transgenic alfalfa grew slowly and even had yellow leaves under the 400 mM NaCl treatment, most of the WT plants exhibited more severe chlorosis and did not survive. In addition, samples from transgenic and WT plants treated with 300 mM NaCl for 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 days were selected for physiological analysis. Lower membrane leakage and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were observed in transgenic alfalfa compared with WT plants during salt treatment. The reduction of chlorophyll content in transgenic alfalfa was less than that in WT plants. Furthermore, the plants that overexpressed GsCBRLK showed enhanced superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, less of a Na+ increase, and a greater K+ decrease than WT plants. These results indicated that the overexpression of GsCBRLK confers enhanced tolerance to salt stress in transgenic alfalfa.

scholarly journals Regulation of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants contributes to salt tolerance in hitherto unknown upland farmer rice varieties.

2020 ◽  
pp. 18-27
Author(s):  
Lins Simon ◽  
Yusuf Akkara
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Monodehydroascorbate Reductase ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Pronounced Increase ◽  
Nacl Concentration

Salt tolerance potential of the three upland farmer varieties, koduvelliyan, mullankayama and marathondi was evaluated by comparing with the released salt-tolerant pokkali variety, vytilla-2. The salt tolerance exhibited by the upland varieties was identical with the salt tolerant variety. The superoxide (O2-) content in the upland varieties was lower; however, the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content increased with the salt concentration. The lesser malondialdehyde (MDA) content in the koduvelliyan variety was equivalent to the vytilla-2 and slight increase was observed in mullankayama and marathondi. The ascorbate (AsA) content in the upland varieties was comparable to vytilla-2 and upon exposure to increased concentration of NaCl, the AsA level reduced in all the treatments. Reduced glutathione (GSH) content was uniform in all the varieties up to a concentration of 100mM NaCl, however, in 125-150mM NaCl, mullankayama showed a pronounced increase in GSH content. Under salt stress, due to the formation of O2-, the oxidation of GSH was higher, maintaining a stable GSH/GSSG ratio. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity of the upland varieties was higher than vytilla-2 up to 100mM NaCl, however, in 125-150mM NaCl the SOD activity increased slightly and the CAT activity decreased. Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity increased in upland varieties up to 125mM NaCl, and in 150mM NaCl, maintained a steady level in all the varieties. Glutathione reductase (GR) activity increased proportionate with NaCl concentration; with highest activity in all the upland varieties. Monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR) activity was uniform in all the varieties up to 100mM NaCl, however, in 125 and 150mM NaCl, vytilla-2 showed higher MDHAR activity. Dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) activity was lesser in upland varieties under salt stress compared to vytilla-2. The GSH/GSSG ratio decreased in marathondi and koduvelliyan varieties with the increase in NaCl concentration, however, in mullankayama and vytilla-2, the GSH/GSSG ratio was higher. The membrane stability index of all the varieties was uniform in all the concentrations of NaCl used, except marathondi. The Na+ content in all the varieties increased in relation to NaCl concentration and the K+ efflux was higher suggesting a higher Na+/K+ ratio, with increased NaCl concentration.

scholarly journals Savrun Ispanak (Spinacia oleracea L.) Çeşidinin Bazı Abiyotik Stres Faktörlerine Tepkisi

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 660
Author(s):  
Nezahat Turfan
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Soluble Protein ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Total Soluble Protein ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea L ◽  
Spinacea Oleracea ◽  
Mda Content

In this study were investigated that resistance to salinity, heavy metals, drought and calcerous stress in Savrun (Spinacea oleracea L.) spinach. For this aim, 5-6 leafed seedlings were exposed to NaCl (75, 150 and 225 mM); heavy metals (Fe, Ni and Zn 0.2 mg/L), drought (50%) and 0.2% CaCO3 applications for four weeks half-weekly which plants grown under controlled conditions. Depends on result chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total cclorophyll, carotenoids, β-caroten and lycopen increased in drought and CaCO3 treatments. Total soluble protein and GuPX activity were found higher in all stress treatments, proline content increased in NiCl2, 75 ve 150 mM NaCl treatments. While APX activity was higher in 75 mM NaCl and ZnCl2; CAT was higher in 150 mM NaCl and others stres treatments except drought. SOD activity were noted higher in drought, CaCO3 and 225 mM NaCl stresses groups. MDA content was lower in all treatments except FeCl3 and, H2O2 were lower in 225 mM NaCl and drought while it was higher in others. As a result, it was found that tolerance of Savrun spinach is higher to CaCO3 and drought but sensitivity of it is higher to 225 mM NaCl, ZnCl2 and FeCl3. Also it was determined that Savrun genotype is moderate tolerance to NiCl2 and 75 Mm NaCl. However parameters of tolerance to stress that treated on spinach seedling showed variability in Savrun spinach.

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