Dimethyl Ether (DME): A New Alternative Fuel for Diesel Vehicle

2010 ◽  
Vol 156-157 ◽  
pp. 1014-1018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gen Bao Li
Keyword(s):  
Dimethyl Ether ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Engine Fuel ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Engine Emissions ◽  
Property Measurement ◽  
Blend Fuel ◽  
Blended Fuels

To use dimethyl ether as fuel for compression ignition engine to partially replace fossil oil, this study developed a city bus operating on DME blended with diesel oil. Considering fuel lubricity, viscosity, and calorific value, the optimized mixing ratio for blend fuel was chosen as 20 wt% DME in diesel oil (D20). Vapor pressure experiments carried out using a highly accurate thermophysical property measurement system showed that the backpressure for blended fuels must not be lower than 0.6Mpa to avoid vapor block in the engine fuel supply system. Moreover, because DME attacks conventional polymer sealants in the fuel system, new sealants made of nitrile rubber (NBR) were used to replace those original one. Experiments demonstrated that these were resistant to swelling by DME. For engine performance, it was found that fueled with D20, the rated engine power output can be comparable to that of diesel engine after increasing the supplied fuel amount per cycle, while the overall fuel economy was improved simultaneously. Moreover, for load characteristics at 1800r/min, over 70% reduction in smoke and 20% reduction in nitrogen oxides (NOx) emission were achieved, indicating that using DME blends as fuel can significantly improve the engine emissions.

Wear Assessment in a Biodiesel Fueled Compression Ignition Engine

2003 ◽  
Vol 125 (3) ◽  
pp. 820-826 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Agarwal ◽  
J. Bijwe ◽  
L. M. Das
Keyword(s):  
Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Linseed Oil ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
Engine Fuel ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Metal Debris ◽  
Wear Rates ◽  
Biodiesel Blend

Biodiesel is prepared using linseed oil and methanol by the process of transesterification. Use of linseed oil methyl ester (LOME) in a compression ignition engine was found to develop a highly compatible engine-fuel system with low emission characteristics. Two similar engines were operated using optimum biodiesel blend and mineral diesel oil, respectively. These were subjected to long-term endurance tests. Lubricating oil samples drawn from both engines after a fixed interval were subjected to elemental analysis. Quantification of various metal debris concentrations was done by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). Wear metals were found to be about 30% lower for a biodiesel-operated engine system. Lubricating oil samples were also subjected to ferrography indicating lower wear debris concentrations for a biodiesel-operated engine. The additional lubricating property of LOME present in the fuel resulted in lower wear and improved life of moving components in a biodiesel-fuelled engine. However, this needed experimental verification and quantification. A series of experiments were thus conducted to compare the lubricity of various concentrations of LOME in biodiesel blends. Long duration tests were conducted using reciprocating motion in an SRV optimol wear tester to evaluate the coefficient of friction, specific wear rates, etc. The extent of damage, coefficient of friction, and specific wear rates decreased with increase in the percentage of LOME in the biodiesel blend. Scanning electron microscopy was conducted on the surfaces exposed to wear. The disk and pin using 20% biodiesel blend as the lubricating oil showed lesser damage compared to the one subjected to diesel oil as the lubricating fluid, confirming additional lubricity of biodiesel.

scholarly journals Influence of Propanol as Additive with Diesel Jatropha Biodiesel Blend Fuel for Diesel Engine

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 986-1001
Author(s):  
Abu Saleh Ahmed ◽  
Nur Adibah Abdul Rahim ◽  
Md Rezaur Rahman ◽  
Mohammad Shahril Osman
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ir Analysis ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Blend Fuel

Fossil fuels are widely recognized as non-renewable energy resources. They play an important role in our daily life because they can be used in various applications such as the production of soap and cosmetics, as an energy source and for transportation. However, the use of these fossil fuels causes negative impacts on humans, animals and the environment. These happen due to the emission of harmful gases into the atmosphere. Not only that, the available fossil fuels are decreasing due to continuous usage by humans. As a result, researchers investigated finding alternative ways to overcome this issue by replacing diesel fuel with biodiesel. Biodiesel is more environmentally friendly relative to diesel fuel. A research study was conducted involving biodiesel. The purpose of this study was to produce Jatropha Biodiesel, as well as evaluate the properties of Jatropha biodiesel and diesel Jatropha biodiesel blended with propanol. The production of Jatropha Biodiesel was done by using two-step transesterification which was an acid-catalyzed transesterification and base-catalyzed transesterification. Different methanol to oil ratios had been used to identify the best ratio to reduce the FFA content in the CJO. 9:1 was the best methanol to oil ratio and then tested with different catalyst weights. It was found that an increase in the weight of catalyst might reduce the amount of biodiesel yield. In addition, this study also investigated and predicted the engine performance and characteristics of diesel Jatropha biodiesel blended with propanol at different blending ratios. The properties of these test fuels were studied. Bomb calorimeter, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis and Diesel Engine test were done. Thus, the calorific value and functional group of the test fuels were identified and determined. The calorific value of biodiesel was much higher than conventional diesel due to the existence of oxygen. This could be proven as the analysis of FT-IR also showed a (C=O) bond which reflected the presence of oxygen. The oxygen helped in combustion besides reducing the hydrocarbon released into the air. These findings were then reflected and related to the performance of diesel engines.  

Biodiesel Development and Characterization for Use as a Fuel in Compression Ignition Engines

2000 ◽  
Vol 123 (2) ◽  
pp. 440-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Agarwal ◽  
L. M. Das
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Cetane Number ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Engine Fuel ◽  
Actual Performance ◽  
Performance And Emission

Neat vegetable oils pose some problems when subjected to prolonged usage in CI engine. These problems are attributed to high viscosity, low volatility and polyunsaturated character of the neat vegetable oils. These problems are reduced to minimum by subjecting the vegetable oils to the process of transesterification. Various properties of the biodiesel thus developed are evaluated and compared in relation to that of conventional diesel oil. These tests for biodiesel and diesel oil include density, viscosity, flash point, aniline point/cetane number, calorific value, etc. The prepared biodiesel was then subjected to performance and emission tests in order to evaluate its actual performance, when used as a diesel engine fuel. The data generated for various concentrations of biodiesel blends were compared with base line data generated for neat diesel oil. It was found that 20 percent blend of biodiesel gave the best performance amongst all blends. It gave net advantage of 2.5 percent in peak thermal efficiency and there was substantial reduction in smoke opacity values. This blend was chosen for long term endurance test. The engine operating on optimum biodiesel blend showed substantially improved behavior. A series of engine tests provided adequate and relevant information that the biodiesel can be used as an alternative, environment friendly fuel in existing diesel engines without substantial hardware modification.

Combustion Performance Study of Aqueous Aluminum Oxide Nanofluid Blends in Compression Ignition Engine

2018 ◽  
Vol 141 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. P. Venkatesan ◽  
P. N. Kadiresh
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Oxide ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Performance Study ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Fuel Blend ◽  
Maximum Improvement ◽  
Aqueous Aluminum

This study attempts to identify the optimum dosing level of aqueous aluminum oxide nanofluid in diesel to improve combustion and engine performance and also to overcome the engine emission issues especially, the oxide of nitrogen, smoke, and the particulate matter. The aqueous aluminum oxide (aluminum oxide nanoparticle aqueous 5 wt % suspension) is used as a nanofluid. The dosing level of nanofluid is varied from 30 cc to 60 cc in steps of 10 cc for the performance study. Fuel blend properties such as calorific value, density, kinematic viscosity, and flash point are determined using ASTM standard test methods. Among all blends, the D+50AN showed a maximum improvement of about 5.9% in brake thermal efficiency (BTE) and remarkable reduction in NOx, smoke, HC, and CO as 15.6%, 22.34%, 31.82%, and 13.79%, respectively, at maximum rated power output.

Study on the Effects of Oxygenated Fuels on Diesel Engine Performance

2014 ◽  
Vol 672-674 ◽  
pp. 1580-1583
Author(s):  
Xu Dong Wang ◽  
Chun Hua Xiong ◽  
Gao Jun An ◽  
Hong Yan Shang ◽  
Feng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Power Performance ◽  
Exhaust Gas Emission ◽  
Oxygenated Fuel ◽  
Blend Fuel ◽  
Oxygenated Fuels

The physicochemical characteristics of a new composite oxygenated fuel named oligomeric polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether and DMM10 (the blend of this fuel and conventional diesel oil with 10% in volume) were analyzed. The power performance, fuel economy, combustion characteristics and exhaust gas emission of a four strokes, direct injection, turbocharged and intercooled diesel engine fuelled with DMM10 and diesel fuel were analyzed and compared. The results show that in comparison to original diesel engine, when the engine fuelled with DMM10 blend fuel, the power performance remains unchanged; BSEC decrease slightly, smoke emission decreases obviously and its decrease rate is up to 72%.

scholarly journals Effect of the RME Biodiesel on the Diesel Engine Fuel Consumption and Emission

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. B308-B316
Author(s):  
Dariusz Kurczyński
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Engine Fuel ◽  
Common Rail System ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Engine Exhaust ◽  
The Impact

Road transport is the primary source of atmospheric air pollution, thus posing a threat to human health and life. The aim of the study was to determine the impact of fuel obtained from plants on the ecological properties of a compression ignition engine. The article reports the results of investigations into a modern engine with a Common Rail system, powered by the RME (rapeseed methyl esters) biodiesel and their blends with diesel. For comparison, the engine was also fuelled with conventional diesel oil without ester addition. When powering the engine with blends and pure biodiesel, brake specific fuel consumption increased. The concentrations of nitrogen oxides and carbon dioxide in the engine exhaust gas also slightly increased. At the same time, a clear reduction in average concentrations of carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons and particulates matter was obtained.

Experimental study on vapour pressure of dimethyl ether blended in diesel oil

2007 ◽  
Vol 221 (7) ◽  
pp. 889-892 ◽  
Author(s):  
Genbao Li ◽  
Longbao Zhou ◽  
Shenghua Liu ◽  
Keyu Pan
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Dimethyl Ether ◽  
Measurement System ◽  
Vapour Pressure ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Property Measurement ◽  
Lock In

Experiments have been conducted to determine the vapour pressure of dimethyl ether (DME) blended in diesel oil in a thermophysical property measurement system with high accuracy. Based on previous research on the viscosity of DME blends, three blends at 10, 20, and 30 wt% DME in diesel oil were chosen for this study. Experimental results indicate that DME can be soluble in diesel oil at room temperature. The vapour pressure of blends is lower than that of pure DME at a certain temperature and decreases with increase in diesel oil in DME, which helps to eliminate vapour lock in the fuel supply system of the engines. In addition, the cloud point of blends decreases as the fraction of DME in the diesel oil increases, which is beneficial to the operation of the engines at a lower ambient temperature.

Effects of Iron Nanoparticle Fuel Additive on the Performance and Exhaust Emissions of a Compression Ignition Engine Fueled With Diesel and Biodiesel

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumita Debbarma ◽  
Rahul Dev Misra
Keyword(s):  
Engine Performance ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
Fuel Additive ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Brake Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Diesel Fuels ◽  
Fuel Blends ◽  
Biodiesel Blend

The effect of iron (Fe) nanoparticles additive to biodiesel blend and diesel fuels in terms of engine performance and emission characteristics is experimentally investigated in a stationary diesel engine. A fuel additive INP is suspended in the neat diesel (D) and 20% palm biodiesel (PB) blend with diesel (PB20) using ultra-sonication process and these modified fuels are termed as D + 50Fe and PB20 + 50Fe, respectively. Experiments are conducted on a developed diesel experimental setup to evaluate the engine performance and exhaust emissions for the fuels, namely, D, PB20, D + 50Fe, and PB20 + 50Fe. Results indicate that the density, viscosity, and calorific value of the fuel blends tend to increase with the addition of nanoparticles in the blends. Brake thermal efficiency (BTE) gets enhanced by about 2.06% for PB20 + 50Fe and about 0.36% for D + 50Fe with respect to BTE of PB20 and D, respectively. Similarly, brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC) is lowered by 2.71% for PB20 + 50Fe and by 1.55% for D + 50Fe. Emission of regulated parameters, i.e., hydrocarbon (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), and nitrogen oxides (NOx) emission, shows a reducing trend. Volumetric reduction in the emissions of HC by 3–6%, CO by 6–12%, and NOx by 4–11.16% is observed.

Wear Assessment in a Biodiesel Fuelled Compression Ignition Engine

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avinash Kumar Agarwal ◽  
Jayashree Bijwe ◽  
L. M. Das
Keyword(s):  
Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Linseed Oil ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
Engine Fuel ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Metal Debris ◽  
Wear Rates ◽  
Biodiesel Blend

Abstract Biodiesel is prepared using linseed oil and methanol by the process of transesterification. Use of linseed oil methyl ester (LOME) in compression ignition engine was found to develop a highly compatible engine-fuel system with low emission characteristics. Two similar engines were operated using optimum biodiesel blend and mineral diesel oil respectively. These were subjected to long-term endurance tests. Lubricating oil samples drawn from both engines after a fixed interval were subjected to elemental analysis. Quantification of various metal debris concentrations was done by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). Wear metals were found to be about 30% lower for biodiesel-operated engine system. Lubricating oil samples were also subjected to ferrography indicating lower wear debris concentrations for biodiesel-operated engine. The additional lubricating property of LOME present in the fuel resulted in lower wear and improved life of moving components in biodiesel-fuelled engine. However, this needed experimental verification and quantification. A series of experiments were thus conducted to compare the lubricity of various concentrations of LOME in biodiesel blends. Long duration tests were conducted using reciprocating motion in SRV optimol wear tester to evaluate the coefficient of friction, specific wear rates, etc. The extent of damage, coefficient of friction, and specific wear rates decreased with increase in the percentage of LOME in the biodiesel blend. Scanning Electron microscopy was conducted on the surfaces exposed to wear. The disc and pin using 20% biodiesel blend as lubricating oil showed lesser damage compared to the one subjected to diesel oil as lubricating fluid, confirming additional lubricity of biodiesel.

An Experimental Investigation of Diesel Engine Fuelled with MgO Nano Additive Biodiesel - Diesel Blends

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-34
Author(s):  
Vijayakumar C ◽  
Murugesan A ◽  
Subramaniam D ◽  
Panneerselvam N
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Fuel Blends ◽  
Compression Ignition Engines ◽  
Performance And Emissions ◽  
Nano Additives ◽  
Blended Fuels

In this experimental investigation compacts the performance and emissions of compression ignition engines fuelled with MgO nano additive, maducaindica bio diesel blends were examined. Based upon the previous literatures only 20% mahuca methyl ester fuel blends without nano additives is suitable for compression ignition engine without affecting engine efficiency and its characteristics. In this paper magnesium oxide nano additives are added into the 40% Mahucaindica biodiesel- diesel blends at the rate of 50ppm for developing the test fuels. In this nano additives improve the properties of diesel fuel like viscosity, calorific value and decreased the flash point and fire point. Then compared the performance and emissions differences of all blended fuels used as a fuel in a diesel engine. The observation of results, 40MgO + 50ppm blended fuels brake thermal efficiency is improved then CO, HC, CO2and smoke decreased compared to other fuel blends. The results are taken into account, a blend of 40MgO+ Mgo50ppm is the best blend ratio compared than other blends with nano additives.

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