A Novel Method for Fabrication of the Biomimetic Shark-Skin Coating

2011 ◽  
Vol 239-242 ◽  
pp. 3014-3017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Han ◽  
Juan Wang
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Skin Effect ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Hot Embossing ◽  
Skin Sample ◽  
Shark Skin ◽  
Submicron Scale ◽  
Good Repeatability ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
First Time

The shark-skin effect motivated from the dermal surface morphology of sharks hastens the imitation and manufacture of the non-smooth drag reduction bionic coating based on shark skin. The fabrication of the bionic shark-skin coating with life-sized scale-like microstructure was presented in this paper. Using hot embossing technology, the direct micro replication of the microstructure on shark skin was investigated for the first time. Modeled after the shark skin sample, the negative structure was directly replicated and printed on PMMA flat plate in the hot embossing process, relied on which the bionic shark-skin coating made of silica gel was fabricated in the end. The preliminary experiment results indicate that this method is a high precision, high throughput, high efficiency and low cost way to fabricate bionic microstructure in micron and submicron scale with good repeatability and availability.

Antimony trifluoride incorporated SnO2 for high-efficiency planar perovskite solar cells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Zhang ◽  
Hui Li ◽  
Jing Zhuang ◽  
Yigang Luan ◽  
Sixuan Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Electron Transport ◽  
Tin Dioxide ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Transport Layer ◽  
Electron Transport Layer ◽  
Antimony Trifluoride ◽  
First Time

The low-cost material antimony trifluoride (SbF3) was doped into the commonly used tin dioxide (SnO2) for the first time, and the SbF3-doped SnO2 as an electron transport layer (ETL) was...

scholarly journals Solution-Processed CdTe Thin-Film Solar Cells Using ZnSe Nanocrystal as a Buffer Layer

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 1195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanru Chen ◽  
Xianglin Mei ◽  
Xiaolin Liu ◽  
Bin Wu ◽  
Junfeng Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
Buffer Layer ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Buffer Layers ◽  
Thin Film Solar Cells ◽  
Solution Processed ◽  
Cdte Nanocrystal ◽  
First Time

The CdTe nanocrystal (NC) is an outstanding, low-cost photovoltaic material for highly efficient solution-processed thin-film solar cells. Currently, most CdTe NC thin-film solar cells are based on CdSe, ZnO, or CdS buffer layers. In this study, a wide bandgap and Cd-free ZnSe NC is introduced for the first time as the buffer layer for all solution-processed CdTe/ZnSe NC hetero-junction thin-film solar cells with a configuration of ITO/ZnO/ZnSe/CdTe/MoOx/Au. The dependence of the thickness of the ZnSe NC film, the annealing temperature and the chemical treatment on the performance of NC solar cells are investigated and discussed in detail. We further develop a ligand-exchanging strategy that involves 1,2-ethanedithiol (EDT) during the fabrication of ZnSe NC film. An improved power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 3.58% is obtained, which is increased by 16.6% when compared to a device without the EDT treatment. We believe that using ZnSe NC as the buffer layer holds the potential for developing high-efficiency, low cost, and stable CdTe NC-based solar cells.

scholarly journals Screening and Selection of a New Medium for Diosgenin Production via Microbial Biocatalysis of Fusarium sp.

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 390
Author(s):  
Wancang Liu ◽  
Haibo Xiang ◽  
Tao Zhang ◽  
Xu Pang ◽  
Jing Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Steroidal Saponin ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
First Time ◽  
Significant Factors

Steroidal saponins are widely used as starting precursors and medical intermediates for the semi-/total-synthesis of hundreds of steroidal drugs. One such steroidal saponin is diosgenin, which has attracted significant attention due to the huge market demand in the pharmaceutical industry. Due to water waste and severe environmental pollution, the traditional diosgenin production process based on direct acid hydrolysis is no longer used. In this study, to develop a submerged fermentation (SmF) medium for clean diosgenin production via efficient microbial biocatalysis, the Box–Behnken design (BBD) in combination with the Plackett–Burman design (PBD) was used to determine the medium compositions for Fusarium strains. Three components (wheat bran, phosphate, and Tween-80) were determined as significant factors by the PBD. Using the BBD, the three significant factors were further optimized, and the optimum values were determined for maximal diosgenin production. With 21.16 g/L of wheat bran, 9.60 g/L of phosphate, and 1.97 g/L of Tween-80, the diosgenin yield was 2.28%, i.e., 3.17 mg/L/h. The experimental values agreed with the predicted values, representing a significant increase in diosgenin production compared to its production using the basic SmF medium. For the first time, we reported the development of a new medium for Fusarium strains to produce diosgenin via microbial biocatalysis of the root of Dioscorea zingiberensis C. H. Wright (DZW). A simple-composition, low-cost, and high-efficiency medium was developed for the first time for the SmF of Fusarium strains. The medium is considered useful for large-scale SmF and may be applicable to other fungi. This study lays a solid foundation for diosgenin production in an acid-free and wastewater-free way. It may also provide fundamental support for producing other value-added products via microbial biocatalysis of low-value materials by endophytic fungi.

A Novel Way to Synthesize Mesoporous Silica Coated on the CNTs with Larger Holes Based on “MCM-41” CNTs@SiO2

2011 ◽  
Vol 236-238 ◽  
pp. 1906-1909
Author(s):  
Wen Rui Zheng ◽  
Min Zhang ◽  
Jing Li Xu ◽  
Tao Huang
Keyword(s):  
Mesoporous Silica ◽  
Pore Size ◽  
Mesoporous Materials ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Mcm 41

We present a novel method to synthesize mesoporous nickel siliceous coated on CNTs with larger hole based on the mesoporous silica coated on CNTs, the pore size of mesoporous silica coated on CNTs was enlarged to 7.8 nm from 2.72 nm. Compared to others’ work, our method is low cost, simple and high efficiency. And more importantly, this method shows great potential in applying other type of mesoporous materials such as SBA-15 etc.

A series of new organic sensitisers for dye-sensitised solar cells

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 234-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mozhgan Hosseinnezhad
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Organic Dyes ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Acceptor Group ◽  
Maximum Conversion Efficiency ◽  
First Time

Purpose Dye-sensitised solar cells (DSSCs) have attracted a great deal of interest. Dye molecules are key materials in DSSCs that produce electrons. This study reports on synthesis of the organic dyes and investigation their performance in DSSCs. Design/methodology/approach A series of new organic dyes were prepared using double rhodanine as the fundamental electron-acceptor group and aldehydes with varying substituents as the electron-donor groups. These dyes were first purified and then characterised by analytical techniques. DSSCs were fabricated to determine the photovoltaic behaviour and conversion efficiency of each individual dye. Findings Results demonstrated that all the dyes form j-type aggregates on the nano TiO2. All dyes in DSSC structure show suitable power conversion efficiency, and Dye 5 due to presence of OCH3 and OiPr presents maximum conversion efficiency. Practical implications In the search for high-efficiency organic dyes for DSSCs, development of new materials offering optimised photochemical stabilities as well as suitable optical and electrical properties is importance. Social implications Organic dyes as photosensitisers are interesting due to low cost, relatively facile dye synthesis and capability of easy molecular tailoring. Originality/value A series of new organic metal-free dyes were prepared as sensitisers for DSSCs for the first time.

scholarly journals Preparation of Prussian Blue Analogue Ce[Co(CN)6]·nH2O Nanoparticles

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Yajie Guo
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Prussian Blue ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Preparation Method ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Metal Organic Framework ◽  
Prussian Blue Analogue ◽  
Simple Preparation ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
First Time

Prussian blue analogue Ce[Co(CN)6]·nH2O nanoparticles were prepared by water bath coprecipitation for the first time. The effects of reaction parameters on the morphology and particle size of the synthesized products were revealed by controlling the variable method. The synthetic product has the characteristics of simple preparation method, low cost, small particle size and MOF (Metal organic framework). The cerium and cobalt elements contained in it are common catalytic active elements, which provides ideas and reference for the design and preparation of high-efficiency and low-cost catalysts.

Research on Transmission Principle of Gearless Reducer

2013 ◽  
Vol 860-863 ◽  
pp. 1744-1747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Wu ◽  
Ming Wang Dong
Keyword(s):  
Small Volume ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Transmission Mechanism ◽  
Physical Prototype ◽  
First Time ◽  
Lateral Transmission ◽  
Prototype Design

Propose cylindrical cam lateral transmission mechanism for the first time, define the agency's three specific types. Design gearless reducer type A, B and C for construction elevator by the application of the agency to reducer industry. Conduct physical prototype processing manufacture based on cylindrical cam lateral transmission theory and virtual prototype design of gearless reducer. By contrast processing and experimental tests to determine that the theory of cylindrical cam lateral transmission mechanism is feasible. Gearless reducer have the advantage of high efficiency and energy saving, low cost, small volume, light weight, saving raw materials resources.

scholarly journals Fabrication and Optical Characterization of Polymeric Aspherical Microlens Array Using Hot Embossing Technology

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 882
Author(s):  
Yanlong Li ◽  
Kangsen Li ◽  
Feng Gong
Keyword(s):  
Process Parameters ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Microlens Array ◽  
Hot Embossing ◽  
Molding Pressure ◽  
Microlens Arrays ◽  
Aspheric Lens ◽  
Molding Temperature ◽  
Holding Temperature

Hot embossing has been widely used in fabricating microlens arrays because of its low cost, high efficiency, and high quality. The process parameters such as molding temperature, molding pressure, and holding temperature affect the microlens array’s replication quality. This work selected the stainless steel S136H tool steel as the mold material to process an aspheric microlens array structure through ultra-precision milling. Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) microlens arrays with different surface replication were prepared by controlling the molding temperature, molding pressure, and holding temperature. By analyzing the surface quality, contour replication, and optical imaging of hot-embossed samples, the optimal molding temperature of PMMA for optimal replication of aspheric lens arrays was determined as 130 °C. Besides, the internal elastic recovery of PMMA affected the dimensional accuracy and optical performance of the lens. The results showed that, at the molding pressure of 400 N and the holding temperature of 60 °C, the surface defects were eliminated, and the aspheric lens array had perfect replication with a profile deviation of only 4 μm. The aspheric microlens array with good quality was eventually achieved by these optimal process parameters, which provides a foundation for producing aspheric microlens arrays in a low-cost and high-efficiency way.

Influence of MBE Growth Conditions on Dislocation Densities of GaAs/Ge Epilayers Grown on Silicon Substrates

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 364-365
Author(s):  
K.M. Hones ◽  
P. Sheldon ◽  
B.G. Yacobi ◽  
A. Mason
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Lattice Mismatch ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Nonradiative Recombination ◽  
Device Structure ◽  
Si Substrates ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Dislocation Densities ◽  
Dislocation Type

There is increasing interest in growing epitaxial GaAs on Si substrates. Such a device structure would allow low-cost substrates to be used for high-efficiency cascade- junction solar cells. However, high-defect densities may result from the large lattice mismatch (∼4%) between the GaAs epilayer and the silicon substrate. These defects can act as nonradiative recombination centers that can degrade the optical and electrical properties of the epitaxially grown GaAs. For this reason, it is important to optimize epilayer growth conditions in order to minimize resulting dislocation densities. The purpose of this paper is to provide an indication of the quality of the epitaxially grown GaAs layers by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to examine dislocation type and density as a function of various growth conditions. In this study an intermediate Ge layer was used to avoid nucleation difficulties observed for GaAs growth directly on Si substrates. GaAs/Ge epilayers were grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) on Si substrates in a manner similar to that described previously.

Improvement of Ti/RuO2–IrO2 Anode Lifetime and Electrocatalytical Properties by Using an Eco-Friendly Thermal Decomposition Method Using Polyvinyl Alcohol as Solvent

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlys Bezerra ◽  
Géssica Santos ◽  
Marilia Pupo ◽  
Maria Gomes ◽  
Ronaldo Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Pechini Method ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Charge Transfer Resistance ◽  
Transfer Resistance ◽  
Calcination Temperatures ◽  
Service Lifetime

<p>Electrochemical oxidation processes are promising solutions for wastewater treatment due to their high efficiency, easy control and versatility. Mixed metal oxides (MMO) anodes are particularly attractive due to their low cost and specific catalytic properties. Here, we propose an innovative thermal decomposition methodology using <a>polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)</a> as a solvent to prepare Ti/RuO<sub>2</sub>–IrO<sub>2</sub> anodes. Comparative anodes were prepared by conventional method employing a polymeric precursor solvent (Pechini method). The calcination temperatures studied were 300, 400 and 500 °C. The physical characterisation of all materials was performed by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy, while electrochemical characterisation was done by cyclic voltammetry, accelerated service lifetime and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Both RuO<sub>2</sub> and IrO<sub>2</sub> have rutile-type structures for all anodes. Rougher and more compact surfaces are formed for the anodes prepared using PVA. Amongst temperatures studied, 300 °C using PVA as solvent is the most suitable one to produce anodes with expressive increase in voltammetric charge (250%) and accelerated service lifetime (4.3 times longer) besides reducing charge-transfer resistance (8 times lower). Moreover, the electrocatalytic activity of the anodes synthesised with PVA toward the Reactive Blue 21 dye removal in chloride medium (100 % in 30 min) is higher than that prepared by Pechini method (60 min). Additionally, the removal total organic carbon point out improved mineralisation potential of PVA anodes. Finally, this study reports a novel methodology using PVA as solvent to synthesise Ti/RuO<sub>2</sub>–IrO<sub>2</sub> anodes with improved properties that can be further extended to synthesise other MMO compositions.</p>

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