Equivalent Slenderness Ratio Method for Design of T-Struts Subject to Compressive Force

2011 ◽  
Vol 243-249 ◽  
pp. 135-141
Author(s):  
Xiao Li Xiong ◽  
Li Bing Jin ◽  
Hui Wang
Keyword(s):  
Symmetry Axis ◽  
Slenderness Ratio ◽  
Compressive Force ◽  
Constructional Steel ◽  
Ratio Method ◽  
Shear Center ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
Axis Of Symmetry ◽  
The One ◽  
Equivalent Slenderness Ratio

T-struts subject to centroid compression buckle flexural-torsionally about their axis of symmetry. When the force is applied at the shear center of the section, T-struts buckle either flexurally or torsionally without coupling of flexure with twisting. Although the buckling load about the symmetry-axis of shear center loading is greater than that of centroid loading, the design capacity of T-struts with defect such as fabrication error, load eccentricity and residual stress decrease by shifting the working line of a T-section compression chord to the shear center. This feature is not well known to designer of constructional steel. This article presents the equivalent slenderness ratio method, a new method for the design of T-struts subject to compressive force, introduces another three methods including the one presented by Shaofan Chen, the one in code and the one in ANSYS, contrasts the calculation results of those four methods and recommends the implementation of equivalent slenderness ratio method in the design of T-struts subject to compressive force.

Equivalent slenderness ratio for built-up members

1993 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 708-711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murray C. Temple ◽  
Ghada Elmahdy
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Slenderness Ratio ◽  
Load Carrying Capacity ◽  
Lateral Deformation ◽  
Numerical Example ◽  
Ratio Equation ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
The One ◽  
Equivalent Slenderness Ratio

Built-up struts that buckle about an axis perpendicular to the plane of the connectors should be treated as a "built-up" member as opposed to a "simple" member. This mode of buckling causes shear and moments in the connectors which deform the connectors. These deformations increase the lateral deformation of the member and hence affect the load-carrying capacity. To account for this effect the easiest method is to use an equivalent slenderness ratio such as the one included in the Canadian Standard. This note outlines the derivation of the equivalent slenderness ratio equation, discusses when it should and should not be used, and includes a numerical example. A rewording of the applicable clause in the Canadian Standard is suggested. Key words: battens, built-up members, connectors, slenderness ratio.

Design Capacity of T-Strut Subject to Compressive Force

2010 ◽  
Vol 163-167 ◽  
pp. 550-556
Author(s):  
Xiao Li Xiong ◽  
Li Bin Jin ◽  
Hui Wang
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Compressive Force ◽  
Buckling Analysis ◽  
Plastic Range ◽  
Shear Center ◽  
Nonlinear Buckling ◽  
Design Capacity ◽  
Axis Of Symmetry ◽  
Nonlinear Buckling Analysis ◽  
Elastic Stage

T-struts subject to centroid compression buckle flexural-torsionally about their axis of symmetry. When the force is applied at the shear center of the section, T-struts buckle either flexurally or torsionally without coupling of flexure with twisting. Although the buckling load of shear center loading is greater than that of centroid loading, i.e. T-struts in elastic stage provide larger resistance to buckling about their axis of symmetry when the compression is applied at the shear center in lieu of the centroid of the section, T-struts with defect such as fabrication error, load eccentricity and residual stress always buckles in the elastic-plastic range actually, and the design capacity decrease by shifting the working line of a T-section compression chord to the shear center. That peculiarity is verified by the nonlinear buckling analysis of T-struts models in ANSYS.

scholarly journals The Stationary Concentrated Vortex Model

Climate ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Oleg Onishchenko ◽  
Viktor Fedun ◽  
Wendell Horton ◽  
Oleg Pokhotelov ◽  
Natalia Astafieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vortex Structure ◽  
Radial Direction ◽  
Symmetry Axis ◽  
Outer Part ◽  
Vertical Direction ◽  
Axially Symmetric ◽  
New Model ◽  
Vortex Model ◽  
Axis Of Symmetry ◽  
Good Agreement

A new model of an axially-symmetric stationary concentrated vortex for an inviscid incompressible flow is presented as an exact solution of the Euler equations. In this new model, the vortex is exponentially localised, not only in the radial direction, but also in height. This new model of stationary concentrated vortex arises when the radial flow, which concentrates vorticity in a narrow column around the axis of symmetry, is balanced by vortex advection along the symmetry axis. Unlike previous models, vortex velocity, vorticity and pressure are characterised not only by a characteristic vortex radius, but also by a characteristic vortex height. The vortex structure in the radial direction has two distinct regions defined by the internal and external parts: in the inner part the vortex flow is directed upward, and in the outer part it is downward. The vortex structure in the vertical direction can be divided into the bottom and top regions. At the bottom of the vortex the flow is centripetal and at the top it is centrifugal. Furthermore, at the top of the vortex the previously ascending fluid starts to descend. It is shown that this new model of a vortex is in good agreement with the results of field observations of dust vortices in the Earth’s atmosphere.

Stress Distributions in an Elastic Body due to Molecular Interactions Considering One-Dimensional Periodic Material Distribution Based on Mindlin Solution

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshige Matsuoka ◽  
Toshiki Otani ◽  
Shigehisa Fukui
Keyword(s):  
Stress Distribution ◽  
Elastic Body ◽  
Molecular Interactions ◽  
Material Distribution ◽  
Stress Distributions ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
Basic Characteristics ◽  
The One

A method to calculate the stress distributions in the elastic body caused by the molecular interactions has been established. The stress distribution was calculated based on the Mindlin’s solution considering the one-dimensional periodic material distribution. The calculation results for a distribution of two materials were presented. The basic characteristics of the stress distribution in the elastic body were quantitatively clarified.

scholarly journals Rotating Melvin-like Universes and Wormholes in General Relativity

Symmetry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1306
Author(s):  
Kirill Bronnikov ◽  
Vladimir Krechet ◽  
Vadim Oshurko
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
General Relativity ◽  
Equation Of State ◽  
Symmetry Axis ◽  
Energy Condition ◽  
Flat Space ◽  
Stiff Matter ◽  
Cylindrically Symmetric ◽  
The One ◽  
The Magnetic Field

We find a family of exact solutions to the Einstein–Maxwell equations for rotating cylindrically symmetric distributions of a perfect fluid with the equation of state p=wρ (|w|<1), carrying a circular electric current in the angular direction. This current creates a magnetic field along the z axis. Some of the solutions describe geometries resembling that of Melvin’s static magnetic universe and contain a regular symmetry axis, while some others (in the case w>0) describe traversable wormhole geometries which do not contain a symmetry axis. Unlike Melvin’s solution, those with rotation and a magnetic field cannot be vacuum and require a current. The wormhole solutions admit matching with flat-space regions on both sides of the throat, thus forming a cylindrical wormhole configuration potentially visible for distant observers residing in flat or weakly curved parts of space. The thin shells, located at junctions between the inner (wormhole) and outer (flat) regions, consist of matter satisfying the Weak Energy Condition under a proper choice of the free parameters of the model, which thus forms new examples of phantom-free wormhole models in general relativity. In the limit w→1, the magnetic field tends to zero, and the wormhole model tends to the one obtained previously, where the source of gravity is stiff matter with the equation of state p=ρ.

Theoretical Study on Ru2+, Cu+, and Fe2+ Complexes Toward the Application in Dye Sensitized Solar Cell

2014 ◽  
Vol 137 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Ngoc Ha ◽  
Mai Anh Tuan ◽  
Dang Xuan Thu ◽  
Luong T. Thu Thuy
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cell ◽  
Theoretical Study ◽  
Organic Ligand ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Photon Absorption ◽  
Dye Sensitized Solar Cell ◽  
Dye Sensitized ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
The One ◽  
Electron Attraction

This paper reports the application of the Ru2+, Cu+, and Fe2+ complexes in form of RuL2(SCN)2, CuL2(SCN)2− for dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) development. The calculation results, given by quantum chemistry, demonstrated that the complex containing copper is more suitable than the one containing iron. The modification of Cu(I) complex by using various numbers of ligands enhanced photon absorption capacity as well as the absorption range. The addition of an organic ligand such as an electron attraction group to the benzene ring gave a better result as compared to the inorganic ones. Based on the analysis conducted, CuM2(SCN)2− is considered as potential material for N3 replacement.

EFFECTS OF THE INITIAL DEFLECTION SHAPE ON THE MOMENT AMPLIFICATION FACTOR OF BEAM-COLUMNS

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haruna Utsunomiya ◽  
Masayuki Haraguchi ◽  
Masae Kido ◽  
Keigo Tsuda
Keyword(s):  
Amplification Factor ◽  
Slenderness Ratio ◽  
Compressive Force ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
Load Ratio ◽  
Longitudinal Direction ◽  
Initial Deflection ◽  
Axial Compressive Force ◽  
Beam Columns ◽  
The Moment

In the design of slender steel beam-columns, the moment amplification factor is used to estimate the maximum moment along with the longitudinal direction. While formulas for evaluating the factor have been presented on the basis of elastic or elastic-plastic analysis, the initial deflection of the column is not considered. The effect that the initial deflection on the strength and behavior of the column has been shown only when the initial deflection shape is half sine wave. This paper discusses the effect of the initial deflection shape on the value of the moment amplification factor by performing the analytical work. The analytical model is the hinged-end beam-column subjected to constant axial compressive force and end moments. First of all, the equilibrium differential equation which governs the problem is solved and the formula for calculating the bending moment is presented. In the parametric study, magnitude of initial deflection, initial deflection shape, axial load ratio, slenderness ratio and end moment ratio are selected as the parameters. In this paper, we discuss the effects of the amount of the initial deflection and the initial deflection shape.

Numerical Analysis of Ebb Water Split Ratio of the South and North Branch in the Changjiang Estuary

2013 ◽  
Vol 807-809 ◽  
pp. 1624-1627
Author(s):  
Ji Zhong Yang ◽  
Jie Gu ◽  
Dan Qing Ma ◽  
Xiao Li Wang ◽  
Tian Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spring Tide ◽  
Changjiang Estuary ◽  
The South ◽  
The Changjiang Estuary ◽  
Hydrodynamic Analysis ◽  
The North ◽  
Split Ratio ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The One

The change of water split ratio has important impacts on the fluvial process, saltwater intrusion and navigation in estuary area. A 2D hydrodynamics numerical model of the Changjiang Estuary was set up using Delft3D-FLOW. The calculation results are consistent well with the real measured data, which indicates that the model can be used in hydrodynamic analysis. Simulation results show that the ebb water split ratio of the North Branch in the flood season is larger than that in the dry season, while the situation of the South Branch is opposite. Under the condition of different tidal types, the ebb water split ratio for the North Branch is maximum during the spring tide, and minimum during the neap tide, while the one during the middle tide takes the second place.

scholarly journals Modeling and Characteristic Parameters Analysis of a Trough Concentrating Photovoltaic/Thermal System with GaAs and Super Cell Arrays

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu Ji ◽  
Ming Li ◽  
Weidong Lin ◽  
Wenbo Wang ◽  
Liuling Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal System ◽  
Characteristic Parameters ◽  
Cell Array ◽  
Super Cell ◽  
Mirror Reflectivity ◽  
Photovoltaic Thermal System ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
Cell Arrays ◽  
The One ◽  
T System

The paper established the one-dimension steady models of a trough concentrating photovoltaic/thermal system with a super cell array and a GaAs cell array, respectively, and verified the models by experiments. The gaps between calculation results and experimental results were less than 5%. Utilizing the models, the paper analyzed the influences of the characteristic parameters on the performances of the TCPV/T system with a super cell array and a GaAs cell array, respectively. The reflectivity of the parabolic mirror in the TCPV/T system was an important factor to determine the utilizing efficiency of solar energy. The performances of the TCPV/T system can be optimized by improving the mirror reflectivity and the thermal solar radiation absorptivity of the lighting plate and pursuing a suitable focal line with uniform light intensity distribution. All these works will benefit to the utilization of the trough concentrating system and the combined heat/power supply.

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