The Influence of Humidity on Burning Perfectibility of Molded Combustible Cartridge Case

2011 ◽  
Vol 295-297 ◽  
pp. 446-449
Author(s):  
Hao Nan Jia ◽  
Gui E Lu ◽  
Jin Yong Jiang ◽  
Hong An Cao
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Moisture Absorption ◽  
Wall Material ◽  
Absorption Properties ◽  
Hygroscopic Properties ◽  
Cartridge Case ◽  
Weighing Method ◽  
Inside Wall ◽  
Inner Parts

Studied the hygroscopic properties of a molded combustible cartridge case by weighing method. Investigated residue formation of cylinder materials with different water content by nitrogen-bomb tests. The results show that the higher the relative humidity, the greater the equilibrium moisture content of the inside-wall material. When the relative humidity was about 90%, its absorption rate was about 5.4%. Compared with its outside wall, the inner parts have much stronger moisture absorption properties. The combustion remains grew in quantity generally with the increase of moisture content.

Influence of Humidity on Burning Perfectibility of Winding Combustible Cartridge Case

2012 ◽  
Vol 184-185 ◽  
pp. 263-266
Author(s):  
Gui E Lu ◽  
Hao Nan Jia ◽  
Jin Yong Jiang ◽  
Xiao Biao Jia
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Moisture Absorption ◽  
Wall Material ◽  
Absorption Properties ◽  
Hygroscopic Properties ◽  
Cartridge Case ◽  
Weighing Method ◽  
Inside Wall ◽  
Inner Parts ◽  
Water Contents

Studied the hygroscopic properties of winding combustible cartridge case by weighing method. Investigated residue formation of cylinder materials with different water contents by nitrogen-bomb tests. The results show that the higher the relative humidity is, the greater the equilibrium moisture content of the inside-wall material is. When the relative humidity was about 90%, its absorption rate was about 4.3%. Compared with its outside wall, the inner parts have much stronger moisture absorption properties. And the gross of combustion remains reached to the minimum when the relative humidity was about 60%.

scholarly journals THE DEVELOPMENT AND STRUCTURE OF THE CONIDIA OF ERYSIPHE POLYGONI DC. AND THEIR GERMINATION AT LOW HUMIDITY

1942 ◽  
Vol 20c (1) ◽  
pp. 41-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold J. Brodie ◽  
C. C. Neufeld
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Spore Wall ◽  
Wall Material ◽  
Mature Conidium ◽  
Surrounding Atmosphere ◽  
Erysiphe Polygoni ◽  
Low Humidity

The germination of the conidia of Erysiphe Polygoni DC. takes place through a range of relative humidity from approximately zero to 100% and, therefore, independently of the moisture content of the surrounding atmosphere. In germinating thus, they differ from the spores of some other erysiphaceous fungi and of non-erysiphaceous fungi in general.In E. Polygoni, the conidium is cut off from the conidiophore by a ring of wall material which is added to inwardly until a perforate disk is formed. Later, the pore is closed and the mature conidium remains attached to its conidiophore only by a minute papilla. The conidia have never been observed to germinate in situ, and they are passively discharged.The conidium wall is relatively impervious to water, stain passing into the spore only at the papillate end. Assuming the wall to be relatively impervious to gases also, an explanation is offered for the mechanism of germination of the conidia when they are dislodged from their conidiophores and allowed to fall on dry slides. The papilla provides a permeable spot in the spore wall. It is not exposed until after the spore has been detached. Upon exposure to air, the papilla allows carbon dioxide to pass out from the protoplast and oxygen to pass in, causing respiration and other germination processes to begin.Evidence in support of this suggestion is presented. When freshly detached conidia were held in an atmosphere containing 10% carbon dioxide, germination was checked. These conidia germinated perfectly when removed from the carbon dioxide. Germination was similarly checked by holding the spores in an atmosphere of nitrogen.No shrinkage of the conidia during germination was observed, but shrivelling and collapse take place when death is imminent.

Moisture Absorption Properties and Kinetic Analysis of Three Different Kinds of Gauze

2014 ◽  
Vol 1004-1005 ◽  
pp. 932-935
Author(s):  
Jian Ping Wang ◽  
Qun Li ◽  
Xiao Wen Li ◽  
Xi Hui Zhao ◽  
Chao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Kinetic Analysis ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Absorption Rate ◽  
Moisture Absorption ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Absorption Properties ◽  
Hygroscopic Properties ◽  
Absorption Kinetic

In this paper, the hygroscopic properties of three different gauze, that is common medical gauze, absorbable carboxymethyl gauze and absorbable oxidized gauze, were compared, and the kinetic analysis were studied. The results showed that, at 298K and RH80%, the moisture absorption rate of the three kinds of gauze follows the order of absorbable carboxymethyl gauze > absorbable oxidized gauze > common medical gauze. The moisture absorption kinetic analysis of the three kinds of gauze indicated that the second-order model proposed fits experimental data well with the correlation coefficient greater than 0.999.

Bioactivities and Moisture Absorption of Germinated Wheat during Storage

2013 ◽  
Vol 864-867 ◽  
pp. 575-579
Author(s):  
Xiao Xiao Wang ◽  
Cui Xiang Li ◽  
Yuan Sen Hu
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Microbial Activity ◽  
Moisture Absorption ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Microbial Activities ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Respiration Intensity ◽  
Equilibrium Level ◽  
Successive Change

Two germinated wheat varieties,Zhengmai 366andAikang 58, were stored under relative humidity of 70% and temperatures of 25°C and 30°C, respectively. The successive change of moisture content, germination rate, respiration and microbial activity was determined to assess the storage safety of germinated wheat during moisture absorption. Results showed that the germinated wheat absorbed moisture to the equilibrium level within 5d in the early stored period. The equilibrium moisture at 25°C was higher than at 30°C. The budded wheat exhibited higher germination rate, however, the percentage decreased distinctly as the stored period extended. The microbial activities enhanced greatly in the course of moisture absorption, when moisture equilibrium, the microbial activities dropped continuously as the stored period prolonged. Under the tested temperature, the respiration intensity of germinated wheat with 12% moisture content was weaker, whereas the wheat with 14.5% moisture content represented greater respiration than the former, and the respiration at 30°Cwas observed higher than at 25°C.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD OF EXTREMELY LOW FREQUENCIES ON HYGROSCOPIC PROPERTIES OF WHEAT GRAIN MASS

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
G. Stankevych ◽  
Yu. Kovra ◽  
A. Kats
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Equilibrium Moisture Content ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
Grain Processing ◽  
Hygroscopic Properties ◽  
The Impact

The research results of the influence of electromagnetic field (EMF) of extremely low frequencies (ELF) on hygroscopic properties of Shestopalivka wheat variety of 2019 harvest have been given. Grain processing was performed on the experimental stand that consisted of the polymeric cylindrical container for grain, solenoid coil, generator of electromagnetic waves GZ-112/1 and a power amplifier of low frequency. The output signal of generator was set in the form of sine wave and controlled by oscillograph C1-78. The studies were performed at EMF frequencies of 10, 16, 24 and 30 Hz. Magnetic induction of grain treatment was constant and equaled 10 mTl. The duration of grain processing was 6 minutes.The equilibrium moisture content of wheat grain was determined by the tensometric method at temperatures t 9 °C and 23 °C and relative humidity φ 33…36 % and 82…82.5 %. The necessary conditions of air were created in desiccators with solutions of sulfuric acid placed in thermostats and refrigerators.It has been determined that the equilibrium moisture of wheat grain processed by EMFof ELF – is in the range of 12.17…20.56 %, and unprocessed grain – in the range of 12.62…21.03 %. Regardless of the frequency of EMF, equilibrium moisture content of the grain wheat processed by EMF varies according to the known laws – decreases with temperature increase and increases with increasing of air relative humidity. It has been shown that the impact of processing by EMF of ELF on the equilibrium moisture contentof wheat grain is manifested at different frequencies in different ways, which is likely due to the resonance phenomena. It has been established that the processing of grain by EMF with frequencies of 10...30 Hz practically has no effect on the equilibrium moisture content of grain at 23 °C and a relative humidity of 33...82.5 % which remains practically at the level of the unprocessed grain. It has been shown that the processing of grain by EMF with frequencies of 24 and 30 Hz under conditions of t = 9 °C and φ = 33 % leads to higher equilibrium moisture content compared to unprocessed wheat grain from 14.45 % to 16.85...16.95 %. Processing of grain with frequencies of 10 and 16 Hz under the same conditions, on the contrary – leads to a decrease in the level of equilibrium moisture content to 13.74…13.86 %. Empirical coefficients have been determined and the equation has been proposed that describes the dependence of equilibrium moisture content of not processed and processed wheat grain by EMF with frequency 10...30 Hz on temperature and relative humidity of the ambient air.

CATFISH DRYING (Clarias Batraclus) USING ‘TEKO BERSAYAP’ SOLAR DRYER

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-20
Author(s):  
Yuwana Yuwana
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Drying Rate ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Ambient Relative Humidity ◽  
Solar Dryer

Experiment on catfish drying employing ‘Teko Bersayap’ solar dryer was conducted. The result of the experiment indicated that the dryer was able to increase ambient temperature up to 44% and decrease ambient relative humidity up to 103%. Fish drying process followed equations : KAu = 74,94 e-0,03t for unsplitted fish and KAb = 79,25 e-0,09t for splitted fish, where KAu = moisture content of unsplitted fish (%), KAb = moisture content of splitted fish (%), t = drying time. Drying of unsplitted fish finished in 43.995 hours while drying of split fish completed in 15.29 hours. Splitting the fish increased 2,877 times drying rate.

scholarly journals Study on the Moisture Absorption and Thermal Properties of Hygroscopic Exothermic Fibers and Related Interactions with Water Molecules

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Cui ◽  
Shuyi Gao ◽  
Ruiyun Zhang ◽  
Longdi Cheng ◽  
Jianyong Yu
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Water Sorption ◽  
Moisture Absorption ◽  
Bound Water ◽  
Absorption Process ◽  
Heating Performance ◽  
Hygroscopic Behavior ◽  
Water Sorption Capacity ◽  
Main Factor

The aim of this paper is to study the hygroscopic behavior of hygroscopic exothermic fiber-based materials and to obtain a better understanding of the thermal performance of these fibers during the moisture absorption process. The temperature distribution of different kinds of hygroscopic exothermic fibers in the process of moisture absorption, observed by infrared camera, demonstrated two types of heating performance of these fibers, which might be related to its hygroscopic behavior. Based on the sorption isotherms, a Guggenheim-Anderson-de Boer (GAB) multi-layer adsorption model was selected as the optimal moisture absorption fitting model to describe the moisture absorption process of these fibers, which illustrated that water sorption capacity and the water–fiber/water–water interaction had a significant influence on its heating performance. The net isosteric heats of sorption decreased with an increase of moisture content, which further explained the main factor affecting the heat dissipation of fibers under different moisture contents. The state of adsorbed water and water vapor interaction on the fiber surface were studied by simultaneous thermal analysis (TGA-DSC) measurement. The percentage of bound and unbound water formation at low and high humidity had a profound effect on the thermal performance of fibers. It can therefore be concluded that the content of tightly bound water a strong water–fiber interaction was the main factor affecting the heating performance of fibers at low moisture content, and the content of loosely bound water reflected that water sorption capacity was the main factor affecting the heating performance of fibers at high moisture content. This was further proven by the heat of desorption.

Slow rehydration improves the recovery of dried bacterial populations

1992 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 520-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Kosanke ◽  
R. M. Osburn ◽  
G. I. Shuppe ◽  
R. S. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
Moisture Absorption ◽  
Rhizobium Meliloti ◽  
Bacterial Populations ◽  
Bulk Powder ◽  
Alfalfa Seed ◽  
Powder Samples ◽  
Cellular Stresses ◽  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum Biovar Trifolii

Slow rehydration of bacteria from dried inoculant formulations provided higher viable counts than did rapid rehydration. Estimates were higher when clay and peat powder formulations of Rhizobium meliloti, Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar trifolii, and Pseudomonas putida, with water activities between 0.280 and 0.650, were slowly rehydrated to water activities of approximately 0.992 before continuing the dilution plating sequence. Rhizobium meliloti populations averaged 6.8 × 108 cfu/g and 1328 cfu/alfalfa seed greater when slowly rehydrated from bulk powder and preinoculated seeds, respectively. Bulk powder samples were slowly rehydrated to 0.992 water activity by the gradual addition of diluent, followed by a 10-min period for moisture equilibration. Preinoculated seed samples were placed in an environmental chamber at 24 °C with relative humidity greater than 80% for 1 h to allow moisture absorption. "Upshock," osmotic cellular stresses that occur during rehydration, was reduced when dried microbial formulations were slowly rehydrated and equilibrated before becoming fully hydrated in the dilution plating sequence. These procedures may also be applicable when estimating total viable bacterial populations from dried soil or other dry formulations. Key words: rehydration procedure, microbial rehydration, desiccation, Rhizobium, Pseudomonas.

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