Influence of Temperature Rise during Finishing Rolling on the Mechanical Properties of T8 Cord Steel

2011 ◽  
Vol 295-297 ◽  
pp. 997-1003
Author(s):  
Meng Wang ◽  
Li Ping Wang ◽  
Li Feng Wang ◽  
Long Fei Li
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Temperature Rise ◽  
Cleavage Plane ◽  
Tensile Elongation ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Tensile Fracture ◽  
Controlled Cooling ◽  
Normal Procedure ◽  
Reduction Of Area ◽  
Cooling Procedure

Different temperature rises during finishing rolling of T8 cord steel were obtained through normal procedure (process 1) and controlled cooling procedure (process 2), and its effects on the microstructure and the mechanical properties were studied. The microstructure of T8 cord steel obtained by process 1 consisted of clusters of coarser and inhomogeneity sorbite colonies, and that obtained by process 2 consisted of equiaxed and finer sorbite colonies, with the similar interlamellar spaces of sorbite cementite in the two microstructures. The results of tensile tests showed that the tensile strength of T8 cord steel obtained by process 2 was higher than that obtained by process1 by 20MPa, with higher reduction of area and tensile elongation. In addition, the tensile fracture of T8 cord steel obtained by process 1 consisted of a lot of lotus cleavage plane, while that of T8 cord steel obtained by process 2 mainly consisted of finer dimples. That indicated that the smaller temperature rise of process 2 during finishing rolling can improve the mechanical properties of T8 cord steel.

Mechanical Properties and Fracture Characteristics of Ultra-Microduplex Structure in High Carbon Steel

2011 ◽  
Vol 415-417 ◽  
pp. 875-878
Author(s):  
Jian Ping Lu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
High Carbon Steel ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Tensile Fracture ◽  
High Carbon ◽  
Fracture Characteristics ◽  
Reduction Of Area ◽  
Microduplex Structure ◽  
Lamellar Pearlite

The ultra-microduplex structure was fabricated in the high carbon steel with a fully pearlitic structure after severe plastic deformation. The sizes of ferrite grains and cementite particles were about 0.4 μm and 0.1~0.2 μm, respectively. The mechanical properties of the ultra-microduplex structure were investigated using mini-tensile tests and the morphologies of fracture surfaces were observed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that the tensile strength of the ultra-microduplex structure and the lamellar pearlite are almost at the same level, but after warm deformation, the yield strength was obviously increased and correspondingly, the elongation and the reduction of area were 19.2%, 32.1%, respectively, which are markedly higher than those of the lamellar pearlite. The tensile fracture of the ultra-microduplex structure is typical ductile fracture, however the fracture of original lamellar pearlite appears a mixture of cleavage fractures and quasi cleavage fractures.

scholarly journals New Approach In The Properties Evaluation Of Ultrafine-Grained OFHC Copper

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 605-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Kvačkaj ◽  
A. Kováčová ◽  
J. Bidulská ◽  
R. Bidulský ◽  
R. Kočičko
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Ofhc Copper ◽  
Strain Rates ◽  
Ultrafine Grained ◽  
Reduction Of Area ◽  
Pin On Disk

AbstractIn this study, static, dynamic and tribological properties of ultrafine-grained (UFG) oxygen-free high thermal conductivity (OFHC) copper were investigated in detail. In order to evaluate the mechanical behaviour at different strain rates, OFHC copper was tested using two devices resulting in static and dynamic regimes. Moreover, the copper was subjected to two different processing methods, which made possible to study the influence of structure. The study of strain rate and microstructure was focused on progress in the mechanical properties after tensile tests. It was found that the strain rate is an important parameter affecting mechanical properties of copper. The ultimate tensile strength increased with the strain rate increasing and this effect was more visible at high strain rates$({\dot \varepsilon} \sim 10^2 \;{\rm{s}}^{ - 1} )$. However, the reduction of area had a different progress depending on microstructural features of materials (coarse-grained vs. ultrafine-grained structure) and introduced strain rate conditions during plastic deformation (static vs. dynamic regime). The wear behaviour of copper was investigated through pin-on-disk tests. The wear tracks examination showed that the delamination and the mild oxidational wears are the main wear mechanisms.

Fracture Behaviors of the Rolled Isotactic Polypropylene

2014 ◽  
Vol 529 ◽  
pp. 237-241
Author(s):  
Juan Jia ◽  
Shuang Xin Liu ◽  
Dierk Rabbe
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Isotactic Polypropylene ◽  
Rolling Direction ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Total Elongation ◽  
Tensile Fracture ◽  
Tensile Sample ◽  
Fracture Surfaces ◽  
Fracture Behaviors

The mechanical properties of the rolled isotactic polypropylene and the morphology of fracture surfaces were measured and observed by tensile tests and the scanning electron microscopy. And then the tensile fracture behaviors along the rolling and transvers directions of the rolled samples were analyzed. After rolling, strong anisotropy mechanical properties occurred along the rolling and transverse directions: high tensile strength with low total elongation along the rolling direction and low tensile strength with high total elongation along the transverse direction. After tensile test, three characteristic structures were found on the fracture surfaces. The tensile fracture behavior of the rolled samples is: stress concentration happens on the edge of tensile sample and then fracture develops to the center part of the tensile sample. When the fracture is big enough, the tensile sample will be failed very quickly.

Effect of Grain Size on Mechanical Properties of Mg-0.3at.%Y Dilute Alloy

2018 ◽  
Vol 941 ◽  
pp. 790-795
Author(s):  
Rui Xiao Zheng ◽  
Ichiro Kawarada ◽  
Wu Gong ◽  
Akinobu Shibata ◽  
Hidetoshi Somekawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
High Pressure Torsion ◽  
Tensile Elongation ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Subsequent Annealing ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Grain Sizes ◽  
Mean Grain Size

In this study, a Mg-0.3at.%Y alloy was provided for a severe plastic deformation by high pressure torsion (HPT) and subsequent annealing. After the HPT by 5 rotations, nanocrystalline structures with a mean grain size of 0.23 μm having deformed characteristics were obtained. Fully recrystallized microstructures with mean grain sizes ranging from 0.66 μm to 32.7 μm were obtained by subsequent annealing at various temperatures. Room temperature tensile tests revealed that ultrafine grained (UFG; grain sizes smaller than 1 μm) specimen exhibited very high yield strength over 250 MPa but limited ductility. In contrast, good balance of strength and ductility was realized in fine grained specimens with grain sizes around 2~5 μm. Particularly, the yield strength and total tensile elongation of a specimen with a mean grain size of 2.13 μm were 184 MPa and 37.1%, respectively, which were much higher than those of pure Mg having a similar grain size. The significant effects of grain size and Y addition on the mechanical properties were discussed.

Effect of Forging Processes on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of High Temperature Titanium Alloy Containing Erbium

2017 ◽  
Vol 898 ◽  
pp. 592-597
Author(s):  
Zhen Qiang Wang ◽  
Bo Long Li ◽  
Tong Bo Wang ◽  
Zuo Ren Nie
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Cleavage Plane ◽  
Lamellar Microstructure ◽  
Tensile Fracture ◽  
Equiaxed Microstructure ◽  
Forging Process ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fracture Morphologies

A new high-temperature titanium alloy containing erbium was designed and fabricated. The influence of α+β forging process and β forging process on microstructure and mechanical properties of the alloy was studied. The microstructure, mechanical properties and fracture morphologies of the new high-temperature titanium alloy after different forging processes were characterized. The results showed that the forging process significantly affected the microstructure of the alloy. The alloy exhibits nearly equiaxed microstructure and lamellar microstructure after α+β and β forging, respectively. In addition, there were Er-rich phases in both forged alloys. The alloy with nearly equiaxed microstructure acquired a satisfactory comprehensive performance. However, the alloy with lamellar microstructure had higher strength and less plasticity. The tensile fracture of the alloy after α + β forging had more dimples, while cleavage plane was obvious in the alloy after β forging. Owing to the addition of erbium and the formation of Er-rich phases, forged alloys possess excellent strength. The Er-rich phase might be the main reason for the fracture.

Hydrogen Embrittlement for X-70 Pipeline Steel in High Pressure Hydrogen Gas

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Un Bong Baek ◽  
Hae Moon Lee ◽  
Seung Wook Baek ◽  
Seung Hoon Nahm
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Pipeline Steel ◽  
Fracture Morphology ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Reduction Of Area ◽  
Api 5L X70 Steel ◽  
Pressure Hydrogen

The tensile properties of API 5L X70 pipeline steels have been measured in a high-pressure (10 MPa) hydrogen gas environment. Significant decreases in elongation at failure and reduction of area were observed when testing in hydrogen as compared with air, and those changes were accompanied by noticeable changes in fracture morphology. The present paper exposes the changes in mechanical properties of a grade API 5L X70 steel through numerous mechanical tests, i.e. tensile tests, notch tensile tests, fracture toughness and fatigue crack growth measurements, performed either in atmosphere or in 10 MPa pressure of hydrogen gas.

scholarly journals Study on High-Temperature Mechanical Properties of Fe–Mn–C–Al TWIP/TRIP Steel

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 821
Author(s):  
Guangkai Yang ◽  
Changling Zhuang ◽  
Changrong Li ◽  
Fangjie Lan ◽  
Hanjie Yao
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Tensile Fracture ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
High Temperature Mechanical Properties ◽  
Ductility Trough ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Reduction Of Area ◽  
High Temperature Tensile

In this study, high-temperature tensile tests were carried out on a Gleeble-3500 thermal simulator under a strain rate of ε = 1 × 10−3 s−1 in the temperature range of 600–1310 °C. The hot deformation process of Fe–15.3Mn–0.58C–2.3Al TWIP/TRIP at different temperatures was studied. In the whole tested temperature range, the reduction of area ranged from 47.3 to 89.4% and reached the maximum value of 89.4% at 1275 °C. Assuming that 60% reduction of area is relative ductility trough, the high-temperature ductility trough was from 1275 °C to the melting point temperature, the medium-temperature ductility trough was 1000–1250 °C, and the low-temperature ductility trough was around 600 °C. The phase transformation process of the steel was analyzed by Thermo-Calc thermodynamics software. It was found that ferrite transformation occurred at 646 °C, and the austenite was softened by a small amount of ferrite, resulting in the reduction of thermoplastic and formation of the low-temperature ductility trough. However, the small difference in thermoplasticity in the low-temperature ductility trough was attributed to the small amount of ferrite and the low transformation temperature of ferrite. The tensile fracture at different temperatures was characterized by means of optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. It was found that there were Al2O3, AlN, MnO, and MnS(Se) impurities in the fracture. The abnormal points of thermoplasticity showed that the inclusions had a significant effect on the high-temperature mechanical properties. The results of EBSD local orientation difference analysis showed that the temperature range with good plasticity was around 1275 °C. Under large deformation extent, the phase difference in the internal position of the grain was larger than that in the grain boundary. The defect density in the grain was large, and the high dislocation density was the main deformation mechanism in the high-temperature tensile process.

Influence of Yb Modification on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of A356.2 Aluminum Alloy

2017 ◽  
Vol 898 ◽  
pp. 259-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shao Chen Zhang ◽  
Jin Feng Leng ◽  
Chen Xue Li ◽  
Xin Ying Teng
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Ultimate Tensile Strength ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Fracture Analysis ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Tensile Fracture ◽  
Electronic Microscope ◽  
Better Than

A356.2 aluminum alloy (Al–7Si–0.35Mg) has been widely used in automotive and aircraft industries. Previous studies found that the metamorphism effect of rare earth is better than other type of elements because of long modification time and good stability. The influence of Yb addition (0%, 0.2%, 0.4% and 0.6%) and T6 heat treatment on A356.2 alloy has been investigated in this work. The microstructures and mechanical properties of the specimen after T6 treatment were examined by optical microscope, scanning electronic microscope and tensile tests. Experimental results showed that Yb could reduce the size of α-Al and change the Si morphology from needle-like to fine spheroidal particles. With the increase of Yb content, the ultimate tensile strength increased gradually. When adding 0.4%Yb, the alloy achieved the highest ultimate tensile strength (252 MPa) and hardness (97.3HB), 10.12% and 37.66% higher than the alloy with no Yb addition. Tensile fracture analysis showed that the fracture mechanism for A356.2 aluminum alloy after T6 treatment is transgranular/intergranular mixed mode of fracture.

scholarly journals Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Al-3 Vol% CNT Nanocomposites Processed by High-Pressure Torsion

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 1109-1112 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Asgharzadeh ◽  
H.S. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
High Pressure Torsion ◽  
Tensile Ductility ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Tensile Fracture ◽  
Tensile Fracture Surface ◽  
Transmission Electron

Abstract Al-3 vol% CNT nanocomposites were processed by high-pressure torsion (HPT) at room temperature under the pressure in the range of 2.5-10 GPa for up to 10 turns. Optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to investigate the microstructural evolutions upon HPT. Mechanical properties of the HPT-processed disks were studied using tensile tests and microhardness measurements. The results show gradual evolutions in the density, microstructure, and hardness with increasing the number of turns and applied presure. Nanostructured and elongated Al grains with an average grain thickness of ~40 nm perpendicular to the compression axis of HPT and an aspect ratio of ~3 are formed after 10 turns under 6 GPa. Evaluating the mechanical properties of the 10-turn processed Al/CNT nanocomposites indicates a tensile strength of 321 MPa and a hardness of 122 Hv. The tensile fracture surface of the Al/CNT nanocomposite mostly demonstrates a smooth fracture manner with fine dimples resulting in a low tensile ductility of ~1.5%.

scholarly journals Microstructures and Tensile Fracture Behavior of 2219 Wrought Al–Cu Alloys with Different Impurity of Fe

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 174
Author(s):  
Daofen Xu ◽  
Changjun Zhu ◽  
Chengfu Xu ◽  
Kanghua Chen
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fracture Behavior ◽  
Aging Treatment ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Tensile Fracture ◽  
Multidirectional Forging ◽  
Cu Alloy ◽  
Cu Alloys ◽  
Fe Content ◽  
Peak Aging

The Fe-rich intermetallic phases have a broadly detrimental effect on the mechanical properties of Al–Cu alloy. In this paper, the continuous evolution of Fe-rich intermetallics and their effects on mechanical properties, especially the tensile fracture behavior of 2219 wrought Al–Cu alloys as a function of Fe content against different processing approaches (i.e., as-cast, homogenization, multidirectional forging, and solution-peak aging treatment) were investigated using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and tensile tests. The results indicated that needle-like Al7Cu2Fe or Al7Cu2(Fe, Mn) intermetallics mainly presented in the final microstructures of all alloys with various Fe contents. The size and number of Al7Cu2Fe/Al7Cu2(Fe, Mn) intermetallics increased with the increase of Fe content. The increase of Fe content had little influence on the ultimate tensile strength and yield strength, while obvious deterioration in the elongation, because fracture initiators mainly occurred at the Al7Cu2Fe/Al7Cu2(Fe, Mn) particles or particles–matrix interface. Therefore, the 2219 Al–Cu alloy with 0.2 wt.% Fe content presented relatively low tensile ductility. The tensile fracture mechanism has been discussed in detail.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document