New Reactive Compatibilizer B Preparation and its Application in Polystyrene Ether/Nylon 66 Alloy

2011 ◽  
Vol 413 ◽  
pp. 449-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya Tong Zhang ◽  
Ying Li ◽  
Li Li ◽  
Xiong Wei Qu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Property ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Mechanical Test ◽  
Continuous Phase ◽  
Good Effect ◽  
Amine Group ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Boric Acid Ester ◽  
New Type ◽  
Reactive Compatibilizer

A new type compatibilizer-boric acid ester with carboxylic acid functional groups (refered as B) was synthesized and used in PPO/PA66 alloys. The PPO/PA66 alloys were produced by melting blending. The micromorphological and mechanical properties of PPO/PA66 blends with different contents of the compatibilizer were studied by transmission electron microscope (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and mechanical test. The effects of the compatibilizer B on the mechanical property and morphology of PPO/PA alloy were discussed. The results showed that, the compatibilizer B can also improve the mechanical property, besides showing good effect on the compatibility improvement for PPO/PA blends; it (B) acts as a compatibilizer for the blends by forming interim layer with dispersed phase PPO and continuous phase PA. The compatibilization of PPO and PA66 alloy was due to the chemical reaction between carboxyl group and amine group.

The Study on the Preparation and Properties of PPO/PA66 Alloy with a New Type of Compatibtlizer B

2012 ◽  
Vol 501 ◽  
pp. 99-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya Tong Zhang ◽  
Ying Li ◽  
Li Li ◽  
Xiong Wei Qu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Mechanical Test ◽  
Good Effect ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
In Situ Compatibilization ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
New Type ◽  
Scanning Electron

By blending homemade compatibilizer with carboxylic acid functional groups into the basic materials of PPO and PA66, through twin-screw extruder blending, the PPO/PA66 alloy was prepared. The micromorphological and mechanical properties of PPO/PA66 blends with different contents of the compatibilizer were studied by transmission electron microscope （TEM）, scanning electron microscope （SEM）, mechanical test and Molau test. The results showed that the homemade compatibilizer can improve the mechanical property. Besides showing good effect on the compatibility improvement for PPO/PA blends，it has an in-situ compatibilization for the PPO/PA66 alloy

A New Type of Compatilizer and its Application in Polystyrene Ether/Nylon 66 Alloy

2012 ◽  
Vol 535-537 ◽  
pp. 2513-2516
Author(s):  
Ya Tong Zhang ◽  
Ying Li ◽  
Li Li ◽  
Xiong Wei Qu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Boric Acid ◽  
Acid Ester ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Tem Analysis ◽  
Boric Acid Ester ◽  
New Type ◽  
Reactive Compatibilizer ◽  
Scanning Electron

This paper studies the influence of Double (L- diethyl tartrate) boric acid ester (compatibilizer B) on the compatibility between PPO and PA66. Through the mechanical properties, Molau experiment, scanning electron microscope and tem analysis test method, it is proved that Double (L- diethyl tartrate) boric acid ester can be used as a new reactive compatibilizer in PPO/PA66 plastic alloy.

Automatic analysis of Kikuchi diffraction patterns

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 900-901
Author(s):  
H. Weiland ◽  
D. P. Field
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Crystalline Materials ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
New Type ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Orientation Determination

Recent advances in the automatic indexing of backscatter Kikuchi diffraction patterns on the scanning electron microscope (SEM) has resulted in the development of a new type of microscopy. The ability to obtain statistically relevant information on the spatial distribution of crystallite orientations is giving rise to new insight into polycrystalline microstructures and their relation to materials properties. A limitation of the technique in the SEM is that the spatial resolution of the measurement is restricted by the relatively large size of the electron beam in relation to various microstructural features. Typically the spatial resolution in the SEM is limited to about half a micron or greater. Heavily worked structures exhibit microstructural features much finer than this and require resolution on the order of nanometers for accurate characterization. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) techniques offer sufficient resolution to investigate heavily worked crystalline materials.Crystal lattice orientation determination from Kikuchi diffraction patterns in the TEM (Figure 1) requires knowledge of the relative positions of at least three non-parallel Kikuchi line pairs in relation to the crystallite and the electron beam.

Relationship Between Microstructure and Hardness of ZrN/TiN Multi-Layers with Various Bilayer Thicknesses

2010 ◽  
Vol 63 ◽  
pp. 392-395
Author(s):  
Yoshifumi Aoi ◽  
Satoru Furuhata ◽  
Hiromi Nakano
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Property ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscope ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Ion Beam Sputtering ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Beam Sputtering ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Property

ZrN/TiN multi-layers were synthesized by ion beam sputtering technique. Microstructure and mechanical property of the ZrN/TiN multi-layers were characterized and the relationships between microstructure and hardness of the ZrN/TiN multi-layers with various bilayer thicknesses and thickness ratios were investigated. The microstructure of multi-layers have been investigated using transmission electron microscope (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).

Procedure to Determine the Structure of Three-Horned Multishell Fullerene

1997 ◽  
Vol 3 (S2) ◽  
pp. 419-420
Author(s):  
Yukihito Kondo ◽  
Kunio Takayanagi
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscope ◽  
Negative Curvature ◽  
Positive Curvature ◽  
Graphite Crystal ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Shaped Particle ◽  
New Type

Fullerenes have many families such as simple ball-shaped fullerenes, nanotubes, and onions. Additionally torus, Y-shaped particle, and graphitic network with periodic holes or dimples have been theoretically anticipated. The presence of various shapes in fullerenes is mainly attributed to the combination of five-membered and seven-membered rings in addition to six-membered rings composing ordinary graphite crystal. The five-membered rings are necessary for positive curvature of the fullerenes, while the seven-membered rings for negative curvature. Experimentally, the negative curvature has been restricted so far to the joint between cone and tube in nanotubes and the spiral tubes. We have found a new type of multishell fullerenes with negative curvature which consist of three horns protrude into three-fold symmetric directions, referred as three-horned multishell fullerene (THF) in this report, using a high resolution transmission electron microscope (TEM). Here, we first describe the formation briefly and secondly concerned with procedure to determine the structure of the THF.

scholarly journals Exploring the friction and wear behaviors of Ag-Mo hybrid modified thermosetting polyimide composites at high temperature

Friction ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 893-904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunjian Duan ◽  
Ren He ◽  
Song Li ◽  
Mingchao Shao ◽  
Rui Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Bulk Temperature ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
New Type ◽  
Polyimide Composites

AbstractPolyimide composites have been extensively used as motion components under extreme conditions for their thermal stability and special self-lubricating performance. In the present study, Ag-Mo hybrids as lubricant fillers were incorporated into thermosetting polyimide to prepare a new type of tribo-materials (TPI-1) at high temperature. Comprehensive investigations at different temperatures reveal that the newly developed TPI-1 exhibits a better reduction in friction and wear rate below 100 °C, but all of them increase significantly when the bulk temperature exceeds 250 °C. The wear mechanisms demonstrated that sandwich-like tribofilms with different layers were established at different temperatures, which was further verified by characterization of scanning electron microscope (SEM), Raman spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Considering the high-performance TPI coupled with Ag-Mo hybrids, we anticipate that further exploration would provide guidance for designing TPI tribo-materials that would be used at high temperatures.

Solvothermal Synthesis of Nickel Glycolate Polymer and NiO Microtubes and Their Cr(VI) Absorbing Properties

2012 ◽  
Vol 465 ◽  
pp. 210-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Fa Guo ◽  
Yu Liu ◽  
Yong Hu ◽  
Hang Ming Guo ◽  
Yun Long Xie
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Temperature Treatment ◽  
High Temperature Treatment ◽  
Ultrapure Water ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Air Atmosphere ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
New Type ◽  
Facile Solvothermal Method

In this work, nickel glycolate polymer microtubes (NGPMs) were prepared via a facile solvothermal method using hydrous nickel nitrate and anhydrous sodium acetate as starting materials, and ethylene glycol as solvent. Furthermore, nickel oxide (NiO) microtubes were obtained by a high-temperature treatment of NGPMs in air atmosphere. The morphology and phase of the products were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), Transmission electron microscope (TEM) and X-ray diffractometer (XRD). The results show that NGPMs are of hierarchical structure, which are composed of a lot of nanolamellas. The morphology of NiO microtubes directly derived from that of NGPMs. In addition, the experiments were conducted with atomic absorption spectrometer for adsorption of Cr2O72- in ultrapure water using these microtubes obtained as absorbers. The results reveal that NGPMs obviously possess a better ability of chromium absorption with a maximum absorbing value of 14.6 mg/g at pH of 4 than NiO microtubes. Thus, the as-prepared of NGPMs may be promising as a new type of absorber for heavy metal ion for water treatment.

scholarly journals A cryo-TSEM with temperature cycling capability allows deep sublimation of ice to uncover fine structures in thick cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiro Usukura ◽  
Akihiro Narita ◽  
Tomoharu Matsumoto ◽  
Eiji Usukura ◽  
Takeshi Sunaoshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Frozen Section ◽  
Temperature Cycling ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Simultaneous Acquisition ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
New Type ◽  
Fine Structures ◽  
Conventional Transmission Electron Microscope

AbstractThe scanning electron microscope (SEM) has been reassembled into a new type of cryo-electron microscope (cryo-TSEM) by installing a new cryo-transfer holder and anti-contamination trap, which allowed simultaneous acquisition of both transmission images (STEM images) and surface images (SEM images) in the frozen state. The ultimate temperatures of the holder and the trap reached − 190 °C and − 210 °C, respectively, by applying a liquid nitrogen slush. The STEM images at 30 kV were comparable to, or superior to, the images acquired with conventional transmission electron microscope (100 kV TEM) in contrast and sharpness. The unroofing method was used to observe membrane cytoskeletons instead of the frozen section and the FIB methods. Deep sublimation of ice surrounding unroofed cells by regulating temperature enabled to emerge intracellular fine structures in thick frozen cells. Hence, fine structures in the vicinity of the cell membrane such as the cytoskeleton, polyribosome chains and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) became visible. The ER was distributed as a wide, flat structure beneath the cell membrane, forming a large spatial network with tubular ER.

Research on the Accurate Control of Initial and Finishing Cooling Temperatures for X70 Pipeline Steels

2008 ◽  
Vol 575-578 ◽  
pp. 1038-1043
Author(s):  
Tao Niu ◽  
Hao Yu ◽  
Yong Lin Kang ◽  
Ming Jian Long
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Optimum Combination ◽  
Good Effect ◽  
Pipeline Steels ◽  
Cooling Temperature ◽  
Cct Curve ◽  
Cooling Conditions ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Strength And Ductility

Different cooling parameters, including the initial cooling temperature, finishing cooling temperature and cooling rate, have a significant effect on the final microstructures and properties for pipeline steels. In present work, Gleeble-1500 thermal-mechanical simulator was used to investigate the microstructural evolution of X70 pipeline steels under different cooling conditions, and the microstructures obtained were analyzed using optical microscope and transmission electron microscope. The experimental results showed that when the initial and finishing cooling temperatures are controlled in the range of 740~760°C and 500~520°C respectively, the microstructure of X70 pipeline steels reveals a proper content (about 12%) of pre-eutectoid ferrite besides acicular ferrite and M/A (Martensite/Austenite) island, which can guarantee an optimum combination of strength and ductility. In contrast to the conventional way using CCT curve, this methodology shows a higher accuracy and operability, and used in industrial production to achieve good effect.

Colloidal Polystyrene-Carbon Nanotubes as Water-Based Lubricant Additive

2011 ◽  
Vol 228-229 ◽  
pp. 253-258
Author(s):  
Xue Feng Li ◽  
Han Yan ◽  
Shao Xian Peng
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Lubricant Additive ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Water Based ◽  
New Type ◽  
Lubrication Additive ◽  
Ball Test

A new type of water-based lubrication additive — colloidal polystyrene-carbon nanotubes (PSt-CNTs) has been prepared. Transmission electron microscope shows that the PSt-CNT colloids are tubes with tiny balls in nanometer scale. Four-ball test results indicate that both the load-carrying capacity and anti-wear of the colloidal PSt-CNTs are much superior to those colloidal PSt owing to the additive reinforced by CNTs. The optimum colloidal PSt-CNT content is 1.0 wt.%. The worn surfaces were analyzed using scanning electron microscope. Finally its lubrication mechanism was speculated preliminarily.

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